常用局麻药场效应敏感器的研制及应用

本文将场效应晶体管与药物敏感膜结合,研制成一种对常用的局麻药(盐酸普鲁卡因、盐酸利多卡因及盐酸丁卡因)均具有较好响应的传感器。该传感器体积小、响应时间短,可用于微量局麻药的含量测定及常规分析,具有快速,简便,准确等优点。     

多培沙明,非诺多泮和丙卡特罗对心肌缺血时电生理变化影响的比较

新型多巴胺受体激动剂多培沙明(DPX)能显著减轻缺氧和缺血豚鼠心室乳头肌静息电位,动作电位幅度和O相除极速度的降低程度及动作电位时程的缩短程度,其减轻作用明显大于非诺多泮(FODA)和丙卡特罗(PCTR)。DPX能使缺氧时缩短的有效不应期(ERP)延长,而使缺血时延长的ERP缩短,其程度明显大于FODA与PCTR。提示DPX抗缺血性心律失常的作用优于其他类型的多巴胺激动剂。     

反相离子对高效液相色谱分析厚朴类原植物中季铵生物碱

本文建立了厚朴类原植物中三种主要生物碱(厚朴碱、柳叶木兰花碱、武当木兰碱)的反相离子对高效液相色谱法。用Nucleosil C₁₈固定相,0.003 mol/L辛烷磺酸钠—乙腈(74:26)为流动相。方法简便、灵敏,并用此法分析比较了木兰属、木莲属16种36个样品,为指导临床用药、资源开发利用提供了一定科学依据。     

Cardiovascular effects of agmatine within the rostral ventrolateral medulla are similar to those of clonidine in anesthetized rats

Agmatine was isolated from bovine brain in 1994. It exhibits various functions, as a consequence of which it meets the criteria for an endogenous brain neurotransmitter. However, its physiological action on the cardiovascular system remains unclear. This study was designed to clarify its cardiovascular effects when administered into the rostral ventrolateral medulla （RVLM） in anesthetized and paralyzed rats. Unilateral injection of clonidine （5 nmol） into the RVLM significantly decreased mean arterial pressure （MAP） and heart rate （HR）.     

Influence of cerebral ventricles perfusion with hexapeptide derivatives of substance P on evoked tongue Jerks in rats

The effects of perfusion through cerebral ventricles with two hexapeptides, C-terminal derivatives of substance P, on evoked tongue jerks (ETJ), were studied on male rats. During perfusion, stimulation of the infraorbital nerve caused retractive movements (ETJ) of the stretched tongue, the amplitudes of which were recorded. The mean amplitudes of ETJ recorded during each 10 min period of perfusion with McIlwain-Rodnight's solution and solution containing hexapeptides were compared.The biologically most active C-terminal hexapeptide derivative of substance P (pyro-Glu⁶)SP_6–11, perfused through cerebral ventricles in a concentration of 5 nmol/ml increased the ETJ. This effect was dose-dependent. A 10 times higher concentration in the perfusion fluid of the less biologically active hexapeptide SP_6–11 was not effective.The possibility that substance P, and its active fragments present in the fluid in cerebral ventricles, could modulate the reflex centers in the medulla is discussed.     

脐血干细胞移植治疗脑卒中的研究现状

学术背景：目前传统的方法无法从根本上改善脑卒中后所造成的神经功能缺损，欲达到理想的恢复还赖于脑功能的重建。近年研究发现，脐血干细胞在特定诱导条件下可分化为神经细胞，修复受损的神经。 目的：总结脐血干细胞移植治疗脑卒中的研究进展。检索策略：由第一作者应用计算机检索PubMed数据库与万方数据库1995／2007年期间相关文献，检索词为“cord blood stem cells，Stroke，脐血干细胞，脑卒中”，并手工查阅相关书籍。对资料进行初审，选择脐血干细胞研究及采用脐血干细胞移植治疗脑卒中的研究，排除综述及重复文献。共检索到50篇相关文献。 文献评价：选择其中的31篇，文献的来源主要是脐血干细胞研究及采用脐血干细胞移植治疗脑卒中的动物及基础实验研究。 资料综合：脐血干细胞具有自我更新、增殖和多向分化潜能，在合适诱导下可分化为神经细胞。研究表明，脐血干细胞在体外诱导及体内移植能生成神经样细胞，能表达神经元表达神经元特异性标志物nestin、NF-M、NeuN、MAP2等。脐血干细胞治疗脑卒中在动物及实验研究基础上已取得了较大成就，但仍存在许多问题，细胞体外培养中分化增值的调控机制不十分清楚，临床研究报道甚少，诱导生成的神经细胞存活的时间,能否跟正常神经细胞一样发挥功能等，待进一步探讨。 结论：用来源丰富、免疫排斥概率小的脐血干细胞治疗多发的脑卒中，具有明显的优越性，为脑血管疾病患者神经功能的恢复带来新的希望。     

Bullous systemic lupus erythematosus with autoantibodies recognizing multiple skin basement membrane components, bullous pemphigoid antigen 1, laminin-5, laminin-6, and type VII collagen.

BACKGROUND: Bullous systemic lupus erythematosus is a generalized subepidermal blistering skin eruption in patients suffering from systemic lupus erythematosus. Type VII collagen was initially identified as the target antigen. OBSERVATION: We studied an unusual patient who had bullous systemic lupus crythematosus. The patient fulfilled the criteria of systemic lupus with an antinuclear antibody titer of 1:5120. Immunopathological testing revealed in vivo deposition of all IgG subclasses, secretory IgA1, and both light chains at the patient's skin basement membrane. The in vivo-bound IgG and IgA were localized at the hemidesmosomes and lamina densa. The patient's IgG and IgA circulating autoantibodies labeled both the epidermal roof and the dermal floor of salt-split skin and recognized the hemidesmosomal protein BP230 as well as the full-length native form and the recombinant noncollagenous domain 1 of type VII collagen (anchoring fibril). In addition, the patient's IgG autoantibodies recognized the anchoring filament proteins laminin-5 and laminin-6 (alpha3 chain and gamma2 chain). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that patients with bullous systemic lupus erythematosus may have autoantibodies to multiple basement membrane components critical for epidermal-dermal junctional adhesion. Possible pathogenic mechanisms in this patient's clinical diseases include provocation of organ-specific disease (bullous disease) by systemic autoimmunity (lupus) and the "epitope spreading" immune phenomenon.     

莨菪类药物对大鼠胃粘膜损伤的影响

本文观察了莨菪类药物(东茛菪碱、樟柳碱、山茛菪碱)对大鼠三种实验性胃溃疡的影响,并对其作用机制进行了初步的探讨。结果表明:莨菪类药物有对抗大鼠应激性胃溃疡、药物性胃溃疡及慢性胃溃疡的作用,且有量效依赖关系;对胃液和血液等各项生化指标分析表明,这类药物有抑制胃酸分泌、降低胃蛋白酶活性、增强胃粘液屏障,提高血清胃泌素浓度的作用。提示这些结果可能与其抗溃疡效应有关。     

The Influence of Obesity on Nutrition and Physical Activity during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case-Control Study

Obesity is one of the important risk factors for a severe course of COVID-19. Maintaining a healthy body weight through diet and physical activity is a reasonable approach to preventing a SARS-CoV-2 infection or in alleviating its course. The goal of the study was to determine the influence of obesity on nutrition and physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 964 respondents, including 227 individuals with a body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m² were evaluated in this study. In the case of 482 respondents, including 105 individuals (21.8%) with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m², the data were collected during the pandemic period from 1 June to 31 August 2020. The remaining 482 individuals were the “pre-pandemic” group, selected via propensity score matching (PSM) out of the 723 National Health Program study participants whose data was collected in 2017–2019. The evaluated dietary health factors were quantitatively similar in patients with BMI of either <30 kg/m² or ≥30 kg/m² and showed no significant changes during the pandemic. The diets of those who suffered from obesity prior to the pandemic showed the evaluated unhealthy nutritional factors to be less pronounced in comparison with those of individuals with BMI < 30 kg/m². During the pandemic, the BMI ≥ 30 kg/m² group showed a significant increase in the overall calorie intake (by 319 kcal; p = 0.001) and an increased consumption of total carbohydrates 299.3 ± 83.8 vs. 252.0 ± 101.5; p = 0.000), sucrose (51.7 ± 30.0 vs. 71.6 ± 49.9; p = 0.000), plant protein (26.3 ± 12.1 vs. 29.3 ± 8.3; p = 0.040), total fat (73.1 ± 42.6 vs. 84.9 ± 29.6; p = 0.011) and saturated fatty acids (29.5 ± 16.4 vs. 34.3 ± 13.9; p = 0.014) in comparison with the pre-pandemic period. The energy and nutritional value of the diets of BMI < 30 kg/m² individuals did not change between the pre-pandemic and pandemic period. Before the pandemic, the level of leisure physical activity of the BMI ≥ 30 kg/m² group was significantly lower than of those with BMI < 30 kg/m². Such differences were not observed in the levels of physical activity at work or school. The pandemic did not alter the amount of physical activity either during leisure time or at work/school in individuals with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m². However, respondents without obesity exercised significantly less during the pandemic than before. In conclusion, the pandemic altered the diets and levels of physical activity in the Polish population, with dietary changes observed in individuals with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m² and changes in physical activity observed in those with BMI < 30 kg/m².