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101.
Objective
To evaluate the therapeutic effects of the embedding needle therapy in the preventative treatment of chronic migraine.Methods
A total of 36 patients with chronic migraine were divided into an embedding needle therapy group and a flunarizine group according to random number table, 18 cases in each group. In the embedding needle therapy group, the thumb-tack needles were used at Sīzhúkōng (丝竹空TE 23), Hànyàn (颔厌GB 4), Wáng? (完骨GB 12) and Cuánzhú (攒竹BL 2) and the needles were embedded for 24 h. The embedding needle therapy was given three times a week. In the flunarizine group, flunarizine was prescribed, 10 mg a day. Separately, at the end of the 4-week treatment and in 4 weeks of the follow-up, the number of days of headache attack per month (days/month) and the headache duration (hours/month) in the cases with moderate to severe headache were observed in the two groups.Results
The number of days of headache attack in the cases with moderate to severe headache was reduced after treatment as compared with the number before treatment in the two groups. The headache duration was reduced obviously after treatment in the cases of moderate to severe headache in the two groups. In the 4-week follow-up, all the indexes were still reduced as compared with the indexes before treatment, indicating the significant differences in the two groups (both P < 0.05). In the embedding needle therapy group, at the end of the 4-week treatment and in 4 weeks of the follow-up, the number of days of headache attack per month was (8.1 ± 2.4) days and (7.2 ± 1.6) days separately, which were significant difference as compared with (9.7 ± 2.3) days and (8.9 ± 1.4) days in the flunarizine group (both P < 0.05). Regarding the headache duration, at the end of the 4-week treatment and in 4 weeks of the follow-up, it was (105.6 ± 10.5) h/month and (92.1 ± 7.2) h/month respectively in the embedding needle therapy group, indicating the significant differences as compared with (135.4 ± 8.9) h and (116.1 ± 8.2) h in the flunarizine group respectively (both P < 0.05).Conclusion
The 4-week treatment with the embedding needle therapy obviously reduces the number of days of headache attack and the headache duration, presents the preventative effects in the patients with chronic migraine. 相似文献102.
Marleen?J?NahuisEmail author Nienke?S?Weiss Fulco?van der Veen Ben?Willem?J?Mol Peter?G?Hompes Jur?Oosterhuis Nils?B?Lambalk Jesper?MJ?Smeenk Carolien?AM?Koks Ron?JT?van Golde Joop?SE?Laven Ben?J?Cohlen Kathrin?Fleischer Angelique?J?Goverde Marie?H?Gerards Nicole?F?Klijn Lizka?CM?Nekrui Ilse?AJ?van Rooij Diederik?A?Hoozemans Madelon?van Wely 《BMC women's health》2013,13(1):42
Background
Clomiphene citrate (CC) is first line treatment in women with World Health Organization (WHO) type II anovulation and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Whereas 60% to 85% of these women will ovulate on CC, only about one half will have conceived after six cycles. If women do not conceive, treatment can be continued with gonadotropins or intra-uterine insemination (IUI). At present, it is unclear for how many cycles ovulation induction with CC should be repeated, and when to switch to ovulation induction with gonadotropins and/or IUI.Methods/Design
We started a multicenter randomised controlled trial in the Netherlands comparing six cycles of CC plus intercourse or six cycles of gonadotrophins plus intercourse or six cycles of CC plus IUI or six cycles of gonadotrophins plus IUI.Women with WHO type II anovulation who ovulate but did not conceive after six ovulatory cycles of CC with a maximum of 150 mg daily for five days will be included.Our primary outcome is birth of a healthy child resulting from a pregnancy that was established in the first eight months after randomisation. Secondary outcomes are clinical pregnancy, miscarriage, multiple pregnancy and treatment costs. The analysis will be performed according to the intention to treat principle. Two comparisons will be made, one in which CC is compared to gonadotrophins and one in which the addition of IUI is compared to ovulation induction only. Assuming a live birth rate of 40% after CC, 55% after addition of IUI and 55% after ovulation induction with gonadotrophins, with an alpha of 5% and a power of 80%, we need to recruit 200 women per arm (800 women in total).An independent Data and Safety Monitoring Committee has criticized the data of the first 150 women and concluded that a sample size re-estimation should be performed after including 320 patients (i.e. 80 per arm).Discussion
The trial will provide evidence on the most effective, safest and most cost effective treatment in women with WHO type II anovulation who do not conceive after six ovulatory cycles with CC with a maximum of 150 mg daily for five days. This evidence could imply the need for changing our guidelines, which may cause a shift in large practice variation to evidence based primary treatment for these women.Trial registration number
Netherlands Trial register NTR1449103.
104.
105.
Kirkpatrick SE; Pitlick PT; Naliboff J; Friedman WF 《The American journal of physiology》1976,231(2):495-500
106.
TFR Homfray SE Cottrell M Ilyas A Rowan IC Talbot WF Bodmer IPM Tomlinson 《Human mutation》1998,11(2):114-120
The roles of the intrinsic mutation rate and genomic instability in tumorigenesis are currently controversial. In most colorectal tumours, it is generally supposed that the first mutations occur at the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) locus; APC mutations are thought to provide cells with a selective advantage but have no known effect on the mutation rate. It has also been suggested that genomic instability is the initiating event in colorectal tumorigenesis and, if this is true, mutations of DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes (or at similar loci) are the most likely candidates. If defective MMR precedes APC mutations, the APC mutations of colon tumours with defective MMR and hence replication errors (RER+) should differ from those of RER- tumours, in at least three specific ways: (1) a higher frequency of allele loss at APC in RER- tumours; (2) more frameshift than nonsense mutations in RER+ tumours; and (3) APC mutations in simple repeat sequences [(N)n, (N1N2)n, or (N1N2N3)n] in RER+ tumours. We found no evidence that sporadic RER+ and RER- colon cancers (including cell lines) differ in any of these three ways. Although it remains possible that MMR is abnormal in tumours from HNPCC families before APC mutations occur, it is likely that in sporadic colon tumours, APC mutations, rather than genomic instability, are the initiating events in tumorigenesis. Hum Mutat 11:114–120, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 相似文献
107.
The effects of antioxidant supplementation during Percoll preparation on human sperm DNA integrity 总被引:20,自引:6,他引:20
Hughes CM; Lewis SE; McKelvey-Martin VJ; Thompson W 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1998,13(5):1240-1247
The integrity of sperm DNA is crucial for the maintenance of genetic
health. A major source of damage is reactive oxygen species (ROS)
generation; therefore, antioxidants may afford protection to sperm DNA. The
objectives of the study were, first, to measure the effects of antioxidant
supplementation in vitro on endogenous DNA damage in spermatozoa using the
single cell gel electrophoresis (comet) assay and, second, to assess the
effect of antioxidant supplementation given prior to X-ray irradiation on
induced DNA damage. Spermatozoa from 150 patients were prepared by Percoll
centrifugation in the presence of ascorbic acid (300, 600 microM), alpha
tocopherol (30, 60 microM), urate (200, 400 microM), or acetyl cysteine (5,
10 microM). DNA damage was induced by 30 Gy X-irradiation. DNA strand
breakage was measured using the comet assay. Sperm DNA was protected from
DNA damage by ascorbic acid (600 microM), alpha tocopherol (30 and 60
microM) and urate (400 microM). These antioxidants provided protection from
subsequent DNA damage by X-ray irradiation. In contrast, acetyl cysteine or
ascorbate and alpha tocopherol together induced further DNA damage.
Supplementation in vitro with the antioxidants ascorbate, urate and alpha
tocopherol separately has beneficial effects for sperm DNA integrity.
相似文献
108.
109.
Genetic factors affecting the consistency and magnitude of changes in plasma cholesterol in response to dietary challenge 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Humphries SE; Talmud PJ; Cox C; Sutherland W; Mann J 《QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians》1996,89(9):671-680
We examined the role of common genetic variation in determining the
consistency and magnitude of change in plasma total cholesterol (TC) levels
in response to two separate changes from a high-saturated (SFA) to a
low-saturated/high-polyunsaturated-fat (PUFA) diet, in a group of
free-living healthy men and women. Consistent responders were defined as
those whose mean difference in the change in TC was within one SD of the
mean for all participants, and the remainder were defined as variable
responders. DNA was obtained from 55 individuals and genotype determined at
the apolipoprotein (apo) B locus (signal peptide, SP), apoCIII (C1100-T)
and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene loci (HindIII). In the 38 consistent
responders, the apoBSP24 allele was significantly more common than in the
17 individuals with a variable response (0.29 vs. 0.12; p < 0.05). No
other polymorphism showed a significant frequency difference between
groups. In the group as a whole, the correlation between the change in TC
level in response to the first and second dietary change was 0.28 (p =
0.05), but those with one or more apoB SP24 alleles and those with the
apoCIII genotype CC had a significantly higher correlation than those with
other genotypes (0.46 (p = 0.05) vs. 0.12 (NS) and 0.31 (p = 0.05) vs. 0.02
(NS), respectively). In the group as a whole, mean response left TC 10%
higher on the SFA than on the PUFA diet, and neither apoB nor apoCIII
genotypes affected the magnitude of this response. However, individuals
with the LPL HindIII genotype H+ H+ had a significantly smaller change in
mean TC in response to diet than those with one or more H- allele (9.3% vs.
14.4%; p = 0.03). Thus variation at the apoB and apoCIII loci affects the
consistency of response to change in dietary fat content, while variation
at the LPL gene locus affects magnitude of response.
相似文献
110.
M Alidoosti M Salarifar SE Kassaian AMH Zeinali MS Fathollahi MR Dehkordi 《Cardiovascular journal of Africa》2008,19(6):297-302