血红素氧合酶-1对大鼠肾缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的　探讨钴卟啉 (CoPP)诱导的血红素氧合酶 (HO) 1高表达对大鼠肾缺血再灌注损伤 (IRI)的保护作用。方法　建立大鼠肾缺血再灌注损伤模型 ,随机将动物分为假手术组 ,对照组和实验组。动态检测血尿素氮 (BUN)、肌酐 (Cr)、超氧化物岐化酶 (SOD)、丙二醛 (MDA)的含量以及进行肾组织光镜形态学观察和酶联免疫吸附试验 (ELISA)和Westernblot分析HO 1。结果　对照组BUN、Cr升高 ,SOD下降 ,MDA升高 ,HO 1中度提高 (14 4.5± 13 .6) ,肾组织结构紊乱。实验组除HO 1含量大幅提高外 (62 9.4± 78.9) ,尚能显著逆转上述改变 ,两组间差异具有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　CoPP预处理诱导HO 1在肾缺血之前高表达可通过清除氧自由基 (OFRs)而减轻大鼠肾IRI。     

病理N1期胸段食管鳞癌根治术后复发转移危险因素分析

目的 探讨病理N1（pN1）期胸段食管鳞癌患者根治性切除术后复发转移的相关危险因素.方法 回顾性分析2004年1月至2010年12月间在上海市胸科医院接受根治性切除手术且术后病理证实为pN1期的95例胸段食管鳞癌患者的临床病理资料,采用Cox比例风险模型对其术后复发转移的独立危险因素进行多因素分析.结果 95例患者中术后3年内有52例（54.7％）出现复发转移,其中局域性复发42例（44.2％）,血行转移10例（10.5％）.多因素分析结果显示, 肿瘤浸润深度（RR=3.604,P=0.027）、淋巴结转移组数（RR=4.834,P=0.009）、淋巴结转移野数 （RR=5.689,P=0.003）及术后是否接受辅助化疗（RR=1.594,P=0.048）是影响pN1期胸段食管鳞癌患者术后复发转移的独立因素.结论 辅助化疗有助于降低pN1期胸段食管鳞癌患者术后复发转移的概率.对于术前临床评估为多组或多野淋巴结转移者,诱导治疗或可进一步提高治疗效果.     

基于快速成型技术的个体化人工股骨髁关节面的设计与应用

目的设计、制造一种基于快速成型技术、复合异体半关节移植的个体化人工股骨髁关节面,探讨解决异体半关节移植中异体关节软骨坏死和异体-自体关节形状不匹配的方法。方法对异体半关节和骨肿瘤患肢股骨髁外表面行螺旋CT扫描,将CT断层图像进行矢量转换后在Surfacer 9．0软件进行矢量化三维重建,提取出合适的异体骨软骨下骨和患者关节软骨表面轮廓的三维图像,在计算机辅助下设计人工关节面,应用LPS600快速成型机制出快速成型树脂模型,以钛合金为材料铸造关节面假体主件,通过融合笼将关节面固定于关节上,抛光后获得人工关节软骨面成品。2002年2月对1例男性14岁右股骨下段骨肉瘤患者,行右股骨下段瘤段切除、人工股骨髁关节面复合大段同种异体骨移植重建股骨下端骨缺损术。结果新型复合异体半关节移植的个体化人工股骨髁关节假体与异体骨、对侧关节匹配良好;应用后随访16个月,膝关节功能良好。结论个体化股骨髁关节面明显改善了异体半关节移植患者的膝关节功能,为异体半关节移植中存在的异体关节软骨坏死和异体一自体关节形状不匹配提供一种解决方案。     

血浆外泌体源性miR-1224-5p与溃疡性结肠炎患者炎性反应状态及预后的关系

目的 探讨血浆外泌体源性miR-1224-5p与溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)患者炎性反应状态及预后的关系.方法 选择2018年1月-2019年10月海安市人民医院收治的103例UC患者,其中活动期57例,缓解期46例;选择同期来我院体检的60例健康人群作为对照组.采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反...     

尺骨上段合并鹰嘴骨折内固定的生物力学研究

目的比较克氏针张力带、重建钢板联合张力带及鹰嘴解剖钢板固定尺骨上段合并鹰嘴骨折3种方式的生物力学稳定性,为临床选择内固定提供理论依据。方法 8个自愿捐献的新鲜成人尸体肘关节标本,均为男性;年龄26～43岁,平均34.8岁。于尺骨上段及尺骨鹰嘴分别截骨制作尺骨上段合并鹰嘴骨折模型。每个标本分别采用克氏针张力带(A组)、重建钢板联合张力带(B组)及鹰嘴解剖钢板(C组)3种方式对骨折端固定。采用生物力学测试系统进行单轴压缩试验,记录载荷-位移曲线,内固定系统的稳定性采用骨折端压缩位移为2 mm时所加的载荷值进行评价。结果实验过程中未出现克氏针退出、钢板螺钉断裂、标本破坏,标本与夹具固定无松动。3组标本均表现为位移随载荷增加而逐渐增长,但B、C组的载荷-位移曲线斜率明显高于A组。当骨折端压缩位移为2 mm时,A、B、C组的所加载荷值分别为(218.6±66.9)、(560.3±116.1)、(577.2±137.6)N,B、C组所加载荷值均显著高于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);B、C组间差异无统计学意义(t=0.305,P=0.763)。结论尺骨上段合并鹰嘴骨折多为不稳定骨折,重建钢板联合张力带、鹰嘴解剖钢板固定均能满足要求,临床上可根据患者情况合理选用。克氏针张力带固定不够牢固,临床上应避免单独使用。     

Stent management of coil herniation in embolization of internal carotid aneurysms

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Coil herniation into the parent artery after detachment is an uncommon complication of embolization of the intracranial aneurysm. We report our experience with stent reconstruction of the lumen and flow of the internal carotid artery (ICA) after coil herniation during embolization for intracranial ICA aneurysms and the possible mechanisms of coil herniation.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A series of 216 consecutive patients was treated by endovascular coil embolizations for intracranial aneurysms. Of these patients, there were 9 (4 men, 5 women; 32–68 years of age) complicating with coil herniation into the ICA and undergoing stent deployment to reconstruct the ICA lumen (n = 8) or both lumen and flow (n = 1). Wide-neck aneurysms were found in 8 and narrow-neck, in 1. Aneurysms were in the posterior communicating artery (n = 5) and the paraophthalmic (n = 3) and cavernous portions (n = 1) of the ICA. Self-expandable stents were deployed in the ICA in 6; balloon-mounted stents were selected in 3.RESULTS: The causes of coil herniation appeared to be coil instability after detachment (n = 6), excessive embolization (n = 1), microcatheter-related problems (n = 1), or being pushed by subsequent coil embolization (n = 1). Endovascular stent placement to reconstruct the lumen and/or flow of the ICA was technically successful in all 9 patients; 1 needed a second stent due to further coil migration. No significant procedure-related complications were found. Clinical follow-up was 8–35 months.CONCLUSION: Coil herniation occasionally occurs during endovascular embolization of ICA aneurysms because of coil instability after detachment, excessive embolization, microcatheter-related problems, or pushing by subsequent coil embolization. In this small series, stent placement was safe and effective in the reconstruction of the arterial lumen and/or restoration of flow past a herniated coil mass.

Endovascular detachable coil embolization of intracranial aneurysms has increasingly become an alternative treatment technique to neurosurgical aneurysm clipping.¹ Despite increasing clinical experience and technologic improvements, endovascular treatment still has inherent risks of morbidity and mortality. The most common complication of endovascular embolization of the aneurysm is thromboembolic events, which may result from poor technique, endovascular devices, and/or poor flushing of the catheter systems. These complications may occur in 2.5%–28% of patients treated.^2-4 Stent-assisted aneurysm embolization is a well-known tool in the management of intracranial wide-neck aneurysms to prevent coil protrusion into the parent vessel and may allow safer and denser packing of the aneurysm sac.^5-8 However, to our knowledge, stent as a salvage procedure to reconstruct the lumen and/or blood flow of the parent artery during the procedure has not been well evaluated.The purpose of our study was to report our experience using stents to reconstruct the lumen and/or blood flow of the parent artery after coil herniation in the internal carotid artery (ICA) during embolization of intracranial ICA aneurysms and to report possible mechanisms of coil herniation.     

逆行交锁髓内钉治疗股骨髁上骨折及关节僵硬

目的：探讨应用逆行交锁强内钉治疗陈旧性股骨碟上骨折钢板断裂不愈合并膝关节僵硬的临床意义。方法：对5例患采用断裂钢板拆除，手术松解粘连，矫正畸形，股骨碟逆行交锁铝内钉固定，术后早期应用CPM机锻炼。结果：5例随访8—12个月，肢体无畸形，骨折愈合时间6—9个月，平均7．5个月，膝关节功能按Kolmert评定标准，优4例，良1例。结论：应用逆行交锁铝内钉治疗股骨碟上陈旧性骨折钢板断裂骨不愈合并膝关节僵硬，操作简便，固定牢靠，可早期功能锻炼，效果良好。     

腔镜保乳手术联合射频消融术治疗早期乳腺癌的临床研究

目的 探索腔镜保乳手术联合射频消融术治疗早期乳腺癌的可行性及疗效分析.方法 回顾性分析2014年1月-2016年12月首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院普通外科行腔镜保乳手术的55例早期乳腺癌女性患者的病例资料,其中27例行腔镜保乳手术联合射频消融术,28例行单纯腔镜保乳手术而未行射频消融术,并通过t检验及x2检验的统计学方法来明确两组之间的差异是否存在统计学意义.本临床研究主要评价指标为术后局部复发情况、脂肪液化的发病率、手术时间、术后住院时间、住院费用.结果 腔镜保乳手术联合射频消融术组局部复发率低于未行射频消融术组(分别为0和7.69％).同时,在脂肪液化这一可能影响术后康复的并发症方面,两组之间差异无统计学意义(P =0.236).但是,腔镜保乳手术联合射频消融术组较未行射频消融术组住院费用高[分别为(4.1±0.7)万元和(2.3±0.6)万元,P＜0.05].结论 采用腔镜保乳手术联合射频消融术治疗早期乳腺癌,虽然因使用射频消融术相关设备和器械会导致住院费用增加,但此手术方式不仅具备清除乳腺残腔中微小癌残留的优点,而且在减少术后肿瘤复发率的同时不增加术后脂肪液化的发病率.因此,此手术方式将会成为乳腺癌微创手术治疗的重要发展方向之一.