全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1891篇 |
免费 | 81篇 |
国内免费 | 6篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 14篇 |
儿科学 | 45篇 |
妇产科学 | 15篇 |
基础医学 | 219篇 |
口腔科学 | 28篇 |
临床医学 | 111篇 |
内科学 | 304篇 |
皮肤病学 | 18篇 |
神经病学 | 195篇 |
特种医学 | 53篇 |
外科学 | 304篇 |
综合类 | 7篇 |
预防医学 | 37篇 |
眼科学 | 89篇 |
药学 | 399篇 |
中国医学 | 3篇 |
肿瘤学 | 137篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 10篇 |
2022年 | 29篇 |
2021年 | 39篇 |
2020年 | 31篇 |
2019年 | 23篇 |
2018年 | 37篇 |
2017年 | 23篇 |
2016年 | 37篇 |
2015年 | 39篇 |
2014年 | 41篇 |
2013年 | 48篇 |
2012年 | 68篇 |
2011年 | 68篇 |
2010年 | 48篇 |
2009年 | 58篇 |
2008年 | 89篇 |
2007年 | 98篇 |
2006年 | 85篇 |
2005年 | 92篇 |
2004年 | 85篇 |
2003年 | 79篇 |
2002年 | 65篇 |
2001年 | 73篇 |
2000年 | 84篇 |
1999年 | 81篇 |
1998年 | 16篇 |
1997年 | 17篇 |
1996年 | 13篇 |
1995年 | 12篇 |
1994年 | 8篇 |
1993年 | 8篇 |
1992年 | 58篇 |
1991年 | 48篇 |
1990年 | 47篇 |
1989年 | 46篇 |
1988年 | 45篇 |
1987年 | 30篇 |
1986年 | 28篇 |
1985年 | 20篇 |
1984年 | 23篇 |
1983年 | 16篇 |
1982年 | 11篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 20篇 |
1978年 | 11篇 |
1977年 | 7篇 |
1974年 | 7篇 |
1971年 | 7篇 |
1970年 | 5篇 |
1969年 | 7篇 |
排序方式: 共有1978条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
81.
82.
Hypothermia attenuates apoptosis and protects contact between myelin basic protein‐expressing oligodendroglial‐lineage cells and neurons against hypoxia–Ischemia
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Journal of neuroscience research》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Mari Ichinose Yoshimasa Kamei Takayuki Iriyama Shinya Imada Takahiro Seyama Masatake Toshimitsu Hiroaki Asou Masahiro Yamamoto Tomoyuki Fujii 《Journal of neuroscience research》2014,92(10):1270-1285
Periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) is a major form of brain injury among preterm infants, which is characterized by extensive loss and dysfunction of premyelinating oligodendrocytes (pre‐OLs) induced by hypoxia–ischemia (HI). Therapeutic hypothermia, which is a standard treatment for term infants with HI encephalopathy, is not indicated for preterm infants because its safety and effect have not been established. Here we investigate the effectiveness and mechanism of hypothermia for the inhibition of pre‐OLs damage in PVL. For in vivo studies, 6‐day‐old rats underwent left carotid artery ligation, followed by exposure to 6% oxygen for 1 hr under hypothermic or normothermic conditions. The loss of myelin basic protein (MBP) was inhibited by hypothermia. For in vitro studies, primary pre‐OLs cultures were subjected to oxygen–glucose deprivation (OGD) under normothermic or hypothermic conditions, and dorsal root ganglion neurons were subsequently added. Hypothermia inhibited apoptosis of pre‐OLs, and, despite specific downregulation of 21.5‐ and 17‐kDa MBP mRNA expression during hypothermia, recovery of the expression after OGD was superior compared with normothermia. OGD caused disarrangement of MBP distribution, decreased the levels of phosphorylated 21.5‐kDa MBP, and disturbed the capacity to contact with neurons, all of which were restored by hypothermia. Pharmacological inhibition of ERK1/2 phosphorylation with U0126 during and after OGD significantly reduced the protective effects of hypothermia on apoptosis and myelination, respectively. These data suggest that phosphorylated exon 2‐containing (21.5‐ and possibly 17‐kDa) MBP isoforms may play critical roles in myelination and that hypothermia attenuates apoptosis and preserves the contact between OLs and neurons via ERK1/2 phosphorylation. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
83.
Yuichiro Yamada Tatsuhito Himeno Kotaro Tsuboi Yuka Shibata Miyuka Kawai Yuriko Asada-Yamada Yusuke Hayashi Emi Asano-Hayami Tomohide Hayami Yuichiro Ishida Yohei Ejima Mikio Motegi Saeko Asano Makoto Kato Eriko Nagao Hiromi Nakai-Shimoda Takahiro Ishikawa Yoshiaki Morishita Masaki Kondo Shin Tsunekawa Yoshiro Kato Takayuki Nakayama Motohiro Kamei Jiro Nakamura Hideki Kamiya 《Journal of diabetes investigation.》2021,12(8):1430-1441
84.
Murakami Kentaro Yoshida Naoya Taniyama Yusuke Takahashi Kozue Toyozumi Takeshi Uno Takashi Kamei Takashi Baba Hideo Matsubara Hisahiro 《Esophagus》2022,19(2):205-213
Esophagus - Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by esophagectomy can improve the prognosis of locally advanced esophageal cancer (LAEC). However, LAEC reportedly recurred in 17–21% of... 相似文献
85.
Matsukawa Y Kamei S Takahashi S Kojima T Nagashima M Matsuura M Sawada S 《Clinical rheumatology》2008,27(2):237-240
We evaluated the vulnerability of central nervous system (CNS) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) using exploratory
eye movement analysis and random number generation (RNG), and compared the tests in evaluating CNS vulnerability. Nineteen
patients received the tests more than a month after SLE onset in nonpsychotic status. Exploratory eye movements were analyzed
using an eye-mark recorder that detects corneal reflection of infrared light, and numbers of eye fixations were counted to
calculate responsive search score (RSS). Using digits 0 through 9, 100 numbers were vocally generated at a random fashion.
“Seriality score” was calculated from the recorded 100 numbers. RSS of SLE patients was similar to that of normal individuals,
irrespective of neuropsychiatric lupus history. Seriality score of patients having a history of neuropsychiatric lupus was
higher than that of never having it (p < 0.05). No relations were confirmed between RSS and seriality score. The current study suggested heterogeneous nature of
SLE in CNS vulnerability when evaluating with seriality score, but not with RSS. There seemed to be a difference between exploratory
eye movement analysis and RNG in evaluating CNS vulnerability. Each test seemed to evaluate different aspects of brain function. 相似文献
86.
87.
Yusuke Gokon Fumiyoshi Fujishima Yusuke Taniyama Hirotaka Ishida Taku Yamagata Takashi Sawai Miwa Uzuki Hirofumi Ichikawa Yuko Itakura Kazutomi Takahashi Nobuhisa Yajima Motohisa Hagiwara Akiko Nishida Yohei Ozawa Tsutomu Sakuma Kazuhiro Sakamoto Masashi Zuguchi Masahiro Saito Takashi Kamei Hironobu Sasano 《Pathology international》2020,70(6):355-363
Barrett's esophagus (BE) is a consequence of gastroesophageal reflux disease and is predisposed to esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). EAC is an exemplar model of inflammation‐associated cancer. Glucocorticoids suppress inflammation through glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and serum‐ and glucocorticoid‐induced kinase‐1 (Sgk1) expressions. Therefore, we immunolocalized GR and Sgk1 in EAC and the adjacent BE tissues and studied their association with clinical disease course in 87 patients with EAC who underwent surgical resection (N = 58) or endoscopic submucosal dissection (N = 29). Low GR and Sgk1 expressions in adjacent BE tissues were associated with adverse clinical outcomes (P = 0.0008 and 0.034, respectively). Patients with low Sgk1 expression in EAC cells exhibited worse overall survival (P = 0.0018). In multivariate Cox regression analysis, low GR expression in the adjacent nonmalignant BE tissues was significantly associated with worse overall survival (P = 0.023). The present study indicated that evaluation of GR and Sgk1 expressions in both the EAC cells and adjacent nonmalignant BE tissues could help to predict clinical outcomes following endoscopic and surgical treatments. In particular, the GR status in BE tissues adjacent to EAC was an independent prognostic factor. 相似文献
88.
Koichi Kamei Masao Ogura Shingo Ishimori Hiroshi Kaito Kazumoto Iijima Shuichi Ito 《European journal of pediatrics》2014,173(2):247-249
Hereditary hypouricemia is a rare disorder characterized by extremely low serum uric acid levels caused by excessive urinary excretion due to an inherited tubular defect in urate handling. Exercise-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is the main complication of this disorder, though AKI may also be induced by other factors. A 7-month-old boy with hereditary hypouricemia developed AKI associated with severe dehydration caused by rotavirus gastroenteritis. He also showed severe hypernatremia and metabolic acidosis and received continuous renal replacement therapy for 3 days. He showed no signs of hydronephrosis or urolithiasis. However, hypouricemia was noted when his renal function recovered (serum uric acid <0.6 mg/dl). Analysis of the urate transporter 1 gene revealed a homozygous nonsense mutation in exon 4 (c.774G > A, p.W258X). Both parents were heterozygous for the mutation and his younger brother was later determined to have severe hypouricemia (0.6 mg/dl). Conclusion: Uric acid is an essential factor for scavenging oxidative stressors. In this patient, severe dehydration may have directly caused pre-renal AKI, but susceptibility to oxidative stressors under severe dehydration, as well as exercise, may also contribute to AKI. Careful attention should be paid to dehydration, especially in young children, to avoid the development of AKI in patients with hereditary hypouricemia. 相似文献
89.
Kyoko Hiramatsu Masayuki Sugimoto Sachiko Kamei Masato Hoshino Kenji Kinoshita Kentaro Iwasaki Masao Kawakita 《Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology》1997,123(10):539-545
Recently, we found N
1,N
8-diacetylspermidine (Ac2Spd) and N
1,N
12-diacetylspermine (Ac2Spm) in human urine, and noted that their amount increased significantly in patients with urogenital malignancies. Previous
findings that simultaneous reference to these diacetylpolyamines is useful in distinguishing cancer patients from healthy
persons were confirmed by more recent analytical data on urine samples from several cancer patients. Further examination revealed
that urinary Ac2Spm and Ac2Spd tended to decrease when cancer patients were treated and entered partial remission. In cases where the Ac2Spm and Ac2Spd levels were normal or near-normal after treatments, the prognosis of the patients was generally good. In contrast, when
their level remained far above the normal limits after apparently effective treatment, the prognosis of the patients was poor.
When a patient is in remission for more than 3 years, urinary levels of both Ac2Spm and Ac2Spd are stabilized and stay below the normal limits, with rare exceptions. The recurrence of a cancer as well as the complication
of a second one during the period of follow-up examination was accompanied by elevation of urinary diacetylpolyamines. These
observations indicate that urinary Ac2Spm and Ac2Spd are useful as prognostic indicators after treatment and during follow-up examination of cancer patients.
Received: 27 March 1997 / Accepted: 15 July 1997 相似文献
90.
K Tasaka R Terao C Kamei K Hashigaki M Yamato 《International journal of immunopharmacology》1987,9(3):391-399
The present study was initiated to produce an antiserum to phenytoin with high specificity and sensitivity which would be suitable not only for determination of blood phenytoin concentration but also for induction of a hypersensitivity reaction to phenytoin in experimental animals. p-Aminophenytoin was synthesized and identified by means of IR, 1H-NMR and mass spectroscopy. BSA-phenytoin conjugate was prepared by using p-aminophenytoin, BSA and, as a coupling reagent, glutaraldehyde. Satisfactory response to immunization was achieved at a 9.8:1 molar ratio of p-aminophenytoin to BSA. The antiserum obtained from rabbits immunized with BSA-phenytoin conjugate exhibited practically no cross-reactivity with either phenytoin metabolites or other anti-epileptic drugs, indicating that this antiserum provides sufficiently high specificity. In our experiments, the lower limit for detecting phenytoin was 2 ng using RIA, whereas 200 ng was the minimum amount detectable by HPLC. Thus, by a difference of two orders of magnitude, the present RIA method shows a much higher sensitivity than that of HPLC, though we found a good correlation of simultaneous determinations of serum phenytoin between the two methods. Reproducibility of phenytoin determination in plasma was confirmed by calculating the coefficient of variance. The values were less than 10%. 相似文献