Efficacy of misoprostol (twice daily dosage) in acute healing of duodenal ulcer

This study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of misoprostol taken twice daily for the healing of duodenal ulcer. Three hundred thirty patients with endoscopically proven duodenal ulcer participated in a multicenter, double-blind, controlled trial comparing placebo with misoprostol 200 μg and 400 μg twice daily for up to four weeks. Patient characteristics were similar in all three treatment groups. Ulcers were between 0.3 cm and 2.0 cm in length. Healing was determined by endoscopy at two weeks; if ulcers were not healed, endoscopy was repeated at four weeks. All patients were given Al(OH)₃ antacid (up to 54 meq a day) to be used as needed for pain. Healing rates at four weeks for a total of 280 evaluable patients in the three treatment groups were as follows: misoprostol 400 μg bid, 65.4%; misoprostol 200 μg bid, 52.9%; and placebo, 42.2%. Misoprostol 400 μg bid was superior to placebo (P=0.002) in healing ulcers. However, the healing rate for misoprostol 200 μg bid did not differ significantly from placebo. The percentage of nonsmokers who healed at four weeks was higher than that of smokers in both misoprostoltreatment groups, although the difference was not analyzed for statistical significance. There were no differences in antacid consumption or pain relief among the three experimental groups during the study. Diarrhea was the most common side effect but was mild and self-limiting, occurring in 8.9%, 5.9%, and 1.8% of the misoprostol 400 μg, 200 μg, and placebo groups, respectively. These results indicate that misoprostol 400 μg, 200 μg, and for four weeks is effective and safe for the treatment of duodenal ulcers.     

江苏省有钉螺无血吸虫病流行地方的初步调查研究

本文报告经调查证实江苏省存在着不少有钉螺而无血吸虫病流行（有螺无病）地方,共468个大队,分布于9个县的112个公社。这些大队中,属平原型的429个,属山丘型的39个。对这两型有螺无病地方,各取3个大队作流行病学调查研究的结果,说明这6个大队的有螺无病现象已存在23年以上,那里有螺无病存在的主要原因是没有足够数量的传染源输入。本文还就调查研究结果,对血防工作上有关问题作了探讨。     

冠状动脉内溶栓联合 PCI 治疗对急性心肌梗死患者的影响

〔摘 要〕 目的：观察冠状动脉内溶栓联合经皮冠状动脉介入（PCI）治疗对急性心肌梗死（AMI）患者血清小分子核糖 核酸（miRNA）序列与临床指标的影响。 方法：选取 2020 年 1 月至 2023 年 1 月鹤壁市人民医院收治的 74 例 AMI 患者资料, 根据治疗方案不同分为对照组和观察组,各 37 例。对照组单用 PCI 治疗,观察组采用冠状动脉内溶栓联合 PCI 治疗。比较 两组患者治疗前后血流分级情况、血清 miRNA 序列、心功能指标以及不良反应发生情况。 结果：治疗后,观察组患者急性 心肌梗死溶栓评分（TIMI）血流分级优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P ＜ 0.05）。治疗后,观察组患者 miRNA–210、 miRNA–146a 均低于对照组,miRNA–214、miRNA–155 均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P ＜ 0.05）。治疗后,观察组 患者左心室舒张末期容积指数（LVEDVI）、左心室收缩末期容积指数（LVESVI）均低于对照组,左心室射血分数（LVEF） 水平高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P ＜ 0.05）。两组患者不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义（P ＞ 0.05）。 结论：冠状动脉内溶栓联合 PCI 治疗 AMI 能够进一步调节 miRNA 序列水平,改善患者血流分级及心功能。     

Sexualisierte Gewalt in der Erfahrung Jugendlicher: Ergebnisse einer repräsentativen Befragung

Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz - Seit 1998 erhebt die Bundeszentrale für gesundheitliche Aufklärung (BZgA) im Rahmen ihrer Repräsentativbefragung...     

FAM19A4基因启动子甲基化检测在宫颈癌及其癌前病变筛查的研究

宫颈癌是最常见的妇科恶性肿瘤之一。目前人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)检测及细胞学检查是宫颈癌及其癌前病变(CCPL)的主要筛查手段。由于上述传统筛查方法,仍然存在对CCPL漏诊的风险,因此寻找有效识别CCPL的特异性分子标志物,具有重要临床意义。对具有序列相似性家族19成员A4(FAM19A4)基因启动子甲基化定量检测,可有效检出CCPL组织,较传统筛查方法有较高特异度,有望成为CCPL筛查的特异性分子标志物。笔者拟就FAM19A4基因启动子甲基化定量检测,在CCPL筛查中应用的最新研究现状进行阐述,旨在为进一步推进CCPL筛查方法的开发,提供思路。     

The Protective Roles of Exercise and Maintenance of Daily Living Routines for Chinese Adolescents During the COVID-19 Quarantine Period

PurposeAdolescents are particularly vulnerable during the COVID-19 quarantine periods and may be at risk for developing psychological distress symptoms that extend beyond a crisis, including depression. This study examined adolescents’ postquarantine depressive symptoms associated with pandemic stressors. The primary aim was to identify potential protective factors that may buffer the association between the presence of COVID-19 cases in adolescents’ communities and their postquarantine depressive symptoms.MethodsAdolescents from public schools were recruited from Zhengzhou city, Henan, China (N = 1,487, M_age=13.14 years, 50% girls). Adolescents reported the presence of confirmed or suspected COVID-19 cases in their communities, their daily activities and routines during the 2-month quarantine period, and depressive symptoms after the quarantine period.ResultsThe presence of cases in adolescents’ communities during the quarantine contributed to more depressive symptoms in adolescents after the quarantine. This association was buffered by adolescents’ spending more time on physical activities and better maintenance of daily living routines during the quarantine period. The presence of community infection was also more strongly associated with depressive symptoms in older adolescents.ConclusionsThe presence of COVID-19 cases in communities contributed to adolescents’ poorer mental health, and the association was stronger for older adolescents. Spending time on physical activities and maintaining daily living routines during the quarantine appear to be practical strategies that can be used by adolescents to mitigate the association between pandemic stressors and their diminishing mental health.     

Effects of establishing a financing scheme for outpatient care on inpatient services: empirical evidence from a quasi-experiment in China

The European Journal of Health Economics - The relationship between outpatient and inpatient care is central to the current healthcare reform debate especially in developing countries. Despite the...     

肺结节患者的临床特征在判断良恶性中的意义

目的探究肺结节特点与其病理结果的相关性,分析患者临床特征（临床因素、检验结果、胸部CT影像特征）对判断肺结节良恶性的临床意义。 方法回顾性分析147例肺结节患者,根据病理活检结果分为良性组39例,恶性组108例。比较两组患者的一般情况（性别、年龄、吸烟史、恶性肿瘤家族史）、肺癌4项[癌胚抗原（CEA）、鳞状上皮细胞抗原（SCCAg）、神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）、细胞角蛋白19片段（Cyfra21-1）]以及高分辨率CT征象,评估差异有统计学意义的因素在鉴别良恶性肺结节中的效能。 结果两组患者在性别、吸烟史、4个肺癌指标（CEA、SCCAg、NSE、Cyfra21-1）、结节大小、结节边缘、毛刺征的比较,差异均无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）,在年龄、恶性肿瘤家族史、结节形态、分叶征、空泡征、胸膜牵拉征、血管集束征的比较,差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）。在高分辨率CT征象中,分叶征对判断肺结节良恶性的效能最高,敏感度达79.6%。Logistic线性回归分析显示磨玻璃结节、分叶征、空泡征都是恶性的危险因素（均P＜0.05）。 结论患者的年龄、恶性肿瘤家族史、结节形态（磨玻璃结节）、分叶征、空泡征、胸膜牵拉征、血管集束征对鉴别肺结节良恶性有一定的参考意义。     

中孕期胎儿染色体异常高危孕妇羊水细胞胎儿染色体核型及介入性产前诊断指征的大样本分析

目的探讨中孕期胎儿染色体异常(FCA)高危孕妇羊水细胞胎儿染色体核型(FK)及其介入性产前诊断(IPD)指征。方法选择2014—2018年,在四川大学华西第二医院产前诊断中心进行羊膜腔穿刺术羊水细胞FK检测的63581例FCA高危孕妇(孕龄为19~27+6孕周)为研究对象。回顾性分析孕妇不同IPD指征及其胎儿染色体核型异常(FKA)检测结果。本研究遵循的程序符合四川大学华西第二医院伦理委员会所制定的伦理学标准,并通过该伦理委员会批准[审批文号:医学科研2019伦审批第(077)号]。结果①本组63581例中孕期孕妇的FKA检出率为3.13%(1989/63581)。这63581例孕妇的IPD指征分别为高龄(预产期年龄≥35岁)(25648例)、血清学筛查高风险(29009例)、无创产前筛查(NIPT)高风险(333例)、夫妇一方为染色体异常携带者(603例)、超声筛查发现胎儿结构异常及超声软指标异常(2647例)、异常儿生育史(1546例)、于外院进行羊水细胞FK分析结果异常者(7例)、孕妇智力低下及合并智力低下家族史(149例)、孕妇早孕期有害物质接触史(1400例)、其他(2239例),FKA检出率分别为3.26%(836/25648)、2.04%(593/29009)、65.17%(217/333)、34.33%(207/603)、3.51%(93/2647)、1.68%(26/1546)、85.71%(6/7)、4.03%(6/149)、0.14%(2/1400)、0.13%(3/2239)。②351例孕妇的IPD指征为超声筛查发现胎儿结构异常中,IPD指征为胎儿淋巴水囊瘤、皮肤水肿的FKA检出率最高,为26.09%(6/23)。2296例孕妇的IPD指征为胎儿超声软指标异常中,IPD指征为胎儿颈项透明层(NT)值≥2.5 mm的FKA检出率最高,为7.74%(66/853)。结论孕妇高龄、血清学筛查高风险、NIPT高风险、夫妇一方为染色体异常携带者、超声筛查发现胎儿结构异常及超声软指标异常等,均为中孕期孕妇FCA的IPD指征,孕妇IPD指征类型不同,FCA风险不同。羊膜腔穿刺术羊水细胞FK检测,可预测有IPD指征孕妇的妊娠结局,为降低FKA出生率提供参考。     

长期家庭氧疗对慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者心理情绪的影响

目的探讨长期家庭氧疗(LTOT)对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)低氧血症患者心理情绪的影响。方法31例COPD低氧血症患者用医院焦虑和抑郁情绪表(HAD)进行心理情绪评分。然后分为LTOT组17例和对照组14例。LTOT组的氧流量0.5～2.5L/min,每日吸氧时间≥15h(包括睡眠时间);对照组除未进行LTOT外,其余治疗与氧疗组相同。两组年龄、性别、肺功能和动脉血气无明显差别。1年后分别复查HAD评分。结果LTOT组焦虑评分由治疗前的14.35±3.81下降到1年后的9.65±3.83(P<0.01),抑郁评分由治疗前的13.18±4.50下降到1年后的9.06±2.79(P<0.01);对照组焦虑和抑郁评分均无明显变化。1年后LTOT组的焦虑及抑郁评分分别与对照组比较明显改善。1年后LTOT组除动脉血氧分压与对照组有显著差异外,动脉血二氧化碳分压、PH值及肺功能均无显著差异。结论LTOT能改善COPD低氧血症患者的心理情绪。