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991.
The cell-free layer exhibits dynamic characteristics in the time domain that may be capable of altering nitric oxide (NO)
bioavailability in small arterioles. However, this effect has not been fully elucidated. This study utilized a computational
model on NO transport to predict how temporal variations in the layer width could modulate NO bioavailability in the arterioles.
Data on the layer width was acquired from high-speed video recordings in arterioles (ID = 48.4 ± 1.8 μm) of the rat cremaster muscle. We found that when wall shear stress response was not considered, the layer variability could
lead to a slight decrease (1.6–6.6%) in NO bioavailability that was independent of transient changes in NO scavenging rate.
Conversely, the transient response in wall shear stress and NO production rate played a dominant role in reversing this decline
such that a significant augmentation (5.3–21.0%) in NO bioavailability was found with increasing layer variability from 24.6
to 63.8%. This study highlighted the importance of the temporal changes in wall shear stress and NO production rate caused
by the layer width variations in prediction of NO bioavailability in arterioles. 相似文献
992.
Swati Jha Robert Freeman Philip Toozs-Hobson David Richmond 《International urogynecology journal》2009,20(4):377-380
Introduction With the implementation of Modernising Medical Careers, there has been considerable discussion and debate regarding the role
of the urogynaecologist in secondary and tertiary care and how trainees with subspecialty training and those with a special
interest fit into the current and future provision of urogynaecology services within the framework of obstetrics and gynaecology
as a whole.
Discussion Because of these changes, training in urogynaecology has and will continue to see major changes. This will also have an impact
on workforce planning and service provision within the NHS. An attempt to highlight these issues has been made in this article. 相似文献
993.
994.
Our objective was to assess and validate low-dose computed tomography (CT) scanogram as a post-operative imaging modality
to measure the mechanical axis after navigated total knee replacement. A prospective study was performed to compare intra-operative
and post-operative mechanical axis after navigated total knee replacements. All consecutive patients who underwent navigated
total knee replacement between May and December 2006 were included. The intra-operative final axis was recorded, and post-operatively
a CT scanogram of lower limbs was performed. The mechanical axis was measured and compared against the intra-operative measurement.
There were 15 patients ranging in age from 57 to 80 (average 70) years. The average final intra-operative axis was 0.56° varus
(4° varus to 1.5° valgus) and post-operative CT scanogram axis was 0.52° varus (3.1° varus to 1.8° valgus). The average deviation
from final axes to CT scanogram axes was 0.12° valgus with a correlation coefficient of 0.9. Our study suggests that CT scanogram
is an imaging modality with reasonable accuracy for measuring mechanical axis despite significantly low radiation. It also
confirms a high level of correlation between intra-operative and post-operative mechanical axis after navigated total knee
replacement.
Résumé Cette étude a pour but d’analyser et d’évaluer les images scanner et les modalités des clichés post-opératoires après prothèse totale du genou implantée avec navigation. Matériel et méthode: une étude prospective a été réalisée pour comparer les axes mesurés en per et post-opératoire, après navigation, chez les patients ayant bénéficié d’une prothèse totale du genou avec navigation et inclus de mai à décembre 2006. Les axes per et post-opératoires ont été rapportés et comparés avec l’axe mécanique obtenu et mesuré en per-opératoire. Résultats: 15 patients d’age moyen de 70 ans (57 – 80 ans) ont été analysés. L’axe final per-opératoire a été de 0.52° varus (4° à 1,5°) et, l’axe post-opératoire mesuré par scanner a été de 0.52° varus (3,1° à 1,8°). La déviation axiale médiane est de 0.12° valgus avec un coefficient de corrélation de 0,9. En conclusion, notre étude permet de penser que le scanner est une modalité d’évaluation raisonnable de mesure de l’axe mécanique en dépit d’une irradiation significative mais néanmoins assez basse. Cette étude permet également de confirmer un haut niveau de corrélation entre la mesure de l’axe per-opératoire et la mesure de l’axe post-opératoire dans les prothèses totales du genou avec navigation.相似文献
995.
Dhavalakumar K Jain Rajkumar Amaravati Gaurav Sharma 《Indian Journal of Orthopaedics》2009,43(4):375-378
Background:
The diagnostic accuracy of anterior drawer (AD) sign, Lachman test and the pivot shift test for anterior cruciate ligament injury and McMurray test for medial and lateral meniscus is varied with sensitivity and specificity ranging from 2 to 100%. Generally, it is accepted that the pivot shift test is the most specific test to diagnose anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears and that the Lachman test is more sensitive than AD sign. This study was undertaken to calculate the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and efficiency for the above-mentioned diagnostic tests.Materials and Methods:
Twenty-eight male patients with clinical ACL injury were examined in the outpatient department and under anaesthesia, the findings were compared with arthroscopy.Result:
The sensitivity and specificity for the Lachman test, AD sign and pivot shift test performed in the outpatient setting are 78.6 and 100%, 89.3 and 100%, and 75 and 100%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity for the Lachman test, AD sign, and pivot shift test performed under anesthesia are 92.9 and 100%, 92.9 and 100%, and 100 and 100%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the McMurray test for medial and lateral meniscus were 35.7 and 85.7% and 22.2 and 100%, respectively.Conclusion:
The Lachman test, AD sign and pivot shift test are highly specific tests to diagnose ACL laxity in a non-acute setting; pivot shift test under anesthesia is the most sensitive and specific test for diagnosing ACL laxity in a non-acute setting and the McMurray test is not a sensitive test to diagnose meniscal injury in the presence of ACL injury. 相似文献996.
Anil K Jain 《Indian Journal of Orthopaedics》2009,43(4):315-317
997.
998.
Background Recurrences continue to be seen after repair of inguinal hernias. The repair of these recurrent hernias is a more complex
and demanding procedure, with a high re-recurrence rate. Definite advantage has been demonstrated with endoscopic repair of
these hernias.
Methods The results for this prospective study from January 2003 to December 2006 were evaluated after laparoscopic repair of 65 recurrent
hernias in 61 patients. The patients were followed up for 1 year. Longer follow-up evaluation was performed for the patients
who underwent surgery in the initial 3 years.
Results In this study, 37 recurrent hernias were managed using the transabdominal preperitoneal technique (TAPP) technique and 28
using the totally extraperitoneal (TEP) technique. There was no conversion and no cases of postoperative wound infection.
Of the 12 metachronous hernias repaired simultaneously, 3 were occult. Seroma developed in five patients. At a follow-up assessment
after 1 year, one patient had groin pain, and there was one re-recurrence. A longer follow-up period with a mean of 35.11 months
failed to show any new re-recurrence.
Conclusions Laparoscopic repair of recurrent inguinal hernia is safe and effective. The morbidity and recurrence rates for the procedure
are as low as for laparoscopic repair of primary hernias. Laparoscopic repair should be the gold standard for these hernias. 相似文献
999.
Debajyoti Mohanty Bhupendra Kumar Jain Juhi Agrawal Arun Gupta Vivek Agrawal 《Journal of gastrointestinal surgery》2009,13(6):1160-1162
A 15-year-old girl presented with features suggestive of sub-acute intestinal obstruction (SAIO) with a palpable abdominal
lump. Contrast-enhanced computed tomogram (CECT) abdomen revealed congregated small gut loops confined to a single area and
encased in a thick membrane suggestive of abdominal cocoon. On laparotomy, a thick white membrane was found encasing most
of the small gut. The cocoon was excised releasing the encased small bowel. The patient was relieved of her symptoms following
surgery. Histopathology of excised cocoon membrane revealed granulomatous inflammation consistent with tuberculosis. The patient
was discharged on ninth postoperative day with advice to take anti-tuberculosis drugs for 6 months. The possibility of abdominal
cocoon should be considered in patients with SAIO and abdominal lump. Abdominal cocoon being a rare condition, CECT is useful
in clinching the diagnosis and planning elective surgery in experienced hands. 相似文献
1000.
Randeep Kashyap Parvez Mantry Rajeev Sharma Manoj K. Maloo Saman Safadjou Yanjie Qi Ashok Jain Benedict Maliakkal Charlotte Ryan Mark Orloff 《Journal of gastrointestinal surgery》2009,13(8):1480-1486
Introduction Primary sclerosing cholangitits (PSC) is a progressive fibrosing cholangiopathy eventually leading to end-stage liver disease
(ESLD). While literature for deceased donor liver transplantation (DDLT) for PSC abounds, only a few reports describe live
donor liver transplant (LDLT) in the setting of PSC. We present a single-center experience on survival outcomes and disease
recurrence for LDLT and DDLT for ESLD secondary to PSC.
Aim The aim of this study was to analyze survival outcomes and disease recurrence for LDLT and DDLT for ESLD secondary to PSC.
Patients and Methods A retrospective review of 58 primary liver transplants for PSC-associated ESLD, performed between May 1995 and January 2007,
was done. Patients were divided into two groups based on donor status. Group 1 (n = 14) patients received grafts from living donors, while group 2 (n = 44) patients received grafts from deceased donors. An analysis of survival outcomes and disease recurrence was performed.
Recurrence was confirmed based on radiological and histological criteria.
Results Recurrence of PSC was observed in four patients in LDLT group and seven in DDLT group. Retransplantation was required in one
patient in LDLT group and nine patients in DDLT group. One patient (7%) among LDLT and six patients (14%) among DDLT died.
The difference in patient and graft survival was not statistically significant between the two groups (patient survival, p = 0.60; graft survival, p = 0.24).
Conclusion This study demonstrates equivalent survival outcomes between LDLT and DDLT for PSC; however, the rate of recurrence may be
higher in patients undergoing LDLT. 相似文献