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11.
Ashwini Anjana K.F.H Nazeer Ahamed V.Ravichandiran M.Sumithra Jayaraman Anbu 《中国天然药物》2014,(2):114-120
AIM: Sargassum wightii Greville is a marine brown alga belonging to the Sargassaceae family which has about 200 species. The ethanolic extract of the whole dry plant powder contained numerous phytoconstituents, including flavonoids. The study was fo- cused on the anticancer activity ofSargassum wightii in mice. METHOD: The ethanolic extract ofSargassum wightii (EESW) at two dose levels was used to examine the anticancer activity in mice using DAL cell lines to induce cancer. The body weight, viable and non-viable tumor cell count, mean survival time, increase in life span, and hematological parameters were observed for anticancer activity of EESW. RESULTS: The intraperitoneal inoculation of DAL cells in mice significantly increased cancer cell count. The decrease in the cancer cell number observed in the EESW-treated group cancer animals indicates that the test drug has a significant inhibitory ef- fect on the tumor cell proliferation. Treatment with EESW also showed a significant decrease in tumor weight, and hence increased the lifespan of DAL-treated mice. In addition, EESW administration significantly restored the hematological parameters in DAL-treated mice. CONCLUSION: The present study results suggest that administration of extract offers enhanced antioxidant potential. Therefore it can be concluded from this study that EESW possesses anticancer activity. 相似文献
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13.
Thandalam Sundararajan Surendran Rajiv Raman 《Journal of diabetes science and technology》2014,8(2):262-266
Over the past decade, there have been rapid strides in progress in the fields of telecommunication and medical imaging. There is growing evidence regarding use of teleophthalmology for screening of diabetic retinopathy. This article highlights some pertinent questions regarding use of telescreening for diabetic retinopathy. It deals with evidence regarding accuracy of diagnosis, patients satisfaction and cost-effectiveness. The American Telemedicine Association have given certain guidelines for teleheath practices for diabetic retinopathy. The article discusses regarding these guidelines. Finally, a working model for diabetic retinopathy screening through teleophthalmology has been described. Telescreening for diabetic retinopathy seems to be a cost-effective, accurate, and reliable method for screening for diabetic retinopathy. The American Telemedicine Association has set up guidelines for telescreening that should be adhered to provide quality screening services to people with diabetes. 相似文献
14.
Sangeetha Jayaraman Somesh Balakrishnan Devaji Rao 《The Indian journal of surgery》2011,73(5):377-379
Development of a primary cancer after treatment of the first with radiotherapy or chemotherapy is well documented, but it
is common with hematological malignancies. Variety of reasons are suggested by various researchers, but a conclusive evidence
is not yet available. Excepting a few correlations like the tamoxifen therapy and endometrial cancer, angiosarcoma of the
breast following radiotherapy, occurrence of other metachronous malignancies seem to be dependent on genetic and environmental
factors. A patient with three primary malignancies is presented here. 相似文献
15.
BACKGROUND AND AIM: In the developed world hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is predominantly associated with sharing contaminated equipment between injecting drug users (IDU). In developing countries inadequately sterilized medical equipment, transmission of infected blood and cultural practices have been implicated. Accurate risk factor assessment is essential for education targeted at risk reduction in culturally diverse populations. METHODS: Ninety Australian-born Caucasians and 72 South-east Asian (SEA) HCV patients attending a Melbourne hospital liver clinic completed a questionnaire which assessed risk factor profile, perceived risk factors, knowledge of risk factors and methods to minimize transmission. Medical records were audited to identify doctor assessment of risk factors. RESULTS: Risk factors in Caucasians were IDU, body piercing and tattooing (89%, 47% and 32%, respectively). Risk factors in SEA patients were injection therapy, dental therapy and surgery (89%, 70% and 38%, respectively). Most Caucasian patients (94%) correctly identified their mode of acquisition compared with 33% of SEA patients (P < 0.0001). Accurate risk factor documentation in medical records was more common in Caucasians (96 vs 32%; P < 0.0001). The majority of patients identified blood-to-blood and sexual/vertical transmission as important modes of acquisition. However, 33% of SEA patients believed transmission occurred through food, water and poor hygiene and 80% did not identify therapeutic injection or traditional medical practices as risk factors. Education provided to SEA patients did not address less well established routes of transmission. CONCLUSIONS: Ethnicity influences perception and knowledge of risk factors. Improved assessment of risk factors in high-risk ethnic groups is needed. Education should be culturally appropriate and address the concerns of all populations with HCV. 相似文献
16.
Vishwaratn Asthana Miel Sundararajan Ruth Linda Ackah Vivek Karun Arunima Misra Allison Pritchett Pallavi Bugga Angela Siler-Fisher William Frank Peacock 《The American journal of emergency medicine》2018,36(12):2166-2171
Background
Heart failure (HF) readmissions are a longstanding national healthcare issue for both hospitals and patients. Our purpose was to evaluate the efficacy of a structured, educational intervention targeted towards un- and under-insured emergency department (ED) HF patients.Methods
HF patients presenting to the ED for care were enrolled between July and December 2015 as part of an open label, interventional study, using a parallel observational control group. Eligible patients provided informed consent, had an established HF diagnosis, and were hemodynamically stable. Intervention patients received a standardized educational intervention in the ED waiting room before seeing the emergency physician, and a 30-day telephone follow-up. Primary and secondary endpoints were 30- and 90-day ED and hospital readmission rates, as well as days alive and out of hospital (DAOH) respectively.Results
Of the 94 patients enrolled, median age was 58.4?years; 40.4% were female, and 54.3% were African American. Intervention patients (n?=?45) experienced a 47.8% and 45.3% decrease in ED revisits (P?=?0.02 & P?<?0.001), and 60.0% and 47.4% decrease in hospital readmissions (P?=?0.049 & P?=?0.007) in the 30 and 90?days pre- versus post-intervention respectively. Control patients (n?=?49) had no change in hospital readmissions or 30-day ED revisits, but experienced a 36.6% increase in 90-day ED revisits (P?=?0.03). Intervention patients also saw a 59.2% improvement in DAOH versus control patients (P?=?0.03).Conclusion
An ED educational intervention markedly decreases ED and hospital readmissions in un- and under-insured HF patients. 相似文献17.
18.
Purpose of Review
The purpose of this review is to discuss dyslipidemia in the various common clinical conditions including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome and review the current therapeutic strategy in these settings.Recent Findings
Dyslipidemias are common in patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome. Epidemiologic studies have shown a strong correlation between serum lipid levels and risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Multifactorial intervention strategies aimed at controlling lipids, blood pressure, and blood glucose simultaneously achieve maximal reductions in cardiovascular risk.Summary
Dyslipidemia and metabolic abnormalities are strongly associated with atherosclerosis and worse cardiovascular outcomes. While pharmacotherapy with statins has been proven to be beneficial for dyslipidemia, lifestyle modification emphasizing weight loss and regular exercise is an essential component of the interventional strategy. The common thread underlying atherosclerosis and metabolic abnormalities is endothelial dysfunction. Improved understanding of the role of endothelium in health and disease can potentially lead to novel therapies that may preempt development of atherosclerosis and its complications.19.
Brand C Sundararajan V Jones C Hutchinson A Campbell D 《Internal medicine journal》2005,35(5):296-299
Comprehensive disease management programmes for chronic disease aim to improve patient outcomes and reduce health-care utilization. Readmission rates are often used as an outcome measure of effectiveness. This study aimed to document readmission rates, and risk for early and late readmission, for patients discharged from the Royal Melbourne Hospital with a disease diagnosis of chronic heart failure (CHF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or diabetes mellitus compared to those with other general medical conditions. Eighty five (8.6%) of patients were readmitted within 28 days and 183 (20.8%) were readmitted between 29 and 180 days. No risk factors for early readmission were identified. Patients with a primary disease diagnosis of CHF and COPD are at increased risk of late readmissions (29-180 days). 相似文献
20.
Gaye Moore Anna Collins Caroline Brand Michelle Gold Carrie Lethborg Michael Murphy Vijaya Sundararajan Jennifer Philip 《Patient education and counseling》2013