CVI-Q检测颈动脉血流量的临床应用价值

目的 :用彩色速度显像定量 (CVI Q)技术测定颈动脉血流量并给出青年组正常参考值。方法 :应用传统的多普勒法及CVI Q法对正常 5 0名在校四年级大学生进行左、右颈总动脉血流量的测定比较。结果 :单侧颈总动脉血流量传统法测定为 (789.49± 15 3 .40 )ml·min-1,CVI Q法为 (3 92 .85± 63 .95 )ml·min-1,两者有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 0 1) ,男女之间、左右之间无明显差异 ,S/D、RI和PI 3组数据两两之间亦无显著性差异。结论 :CVI Q是一种实用、无创、简便、可靠的测量方法 ,具有良好的临床应用价值     

辅助抗生素治疗宫颈癌前病变并发幽门螺杆菌感染的疗效观察

①目的探讨辅助抗生素治疗对宫颈癌前病变并发幽门螺杆菌（Hp）感染的治疗效果。②方法采用快速Hp尿素酶检测法筛选宫颈癌前病变的相关病例，用阴道镜和组织病理学进行诊断证实。对各类宫颈癌前病变创伤性治疗的同时，规范采用甲硝唑治疗。观察幽门螺旋杆菌阳性率的改变和临床表现的变化。③结果Hp感染与宫颈癌前病变发展为宫颈癌有相关性；除了手术治疗外，规范的甲硝唑治疗可以降低Hp感染的阳性发生率，同时，可以对宫颈癌起病因学治疗作用。④结论辅助抗生素治疗对宫颈癌前病变并发Hp感染的患者．可以起到消除潜在癌变的诱因和提高疗效的作用。     

我国妇女保健学与优生优育学的研究进展

我国《中华人民共和国母婴保健法》自1995年6月1日实施以来,在政府的正确领导和关心下,在人大的监督和支持下,各有关部门的密切配合,认真贯彻执行《母婴保健法》及配套文件,依法行政,依法规范妇幼保健服务行为,降低了孕产妇死亡率和婴儿死亡率,提高了母亲和婴儿的健康水平.     

小心脏综合征临床研究探讨

小心脏综合征(Small Heart Syndrome,SHS)系指心脏相对较小,造成活动后心排出量相对不足继而产生头晕、心悸、胸骨后(心前区)疼痛、呼吸急促、易疲劳、乏力等,其特征为胸部X线检查显示心脏阴影较正常人为小。该综合征最早由Laennec于1926年发现并报告,     

Protective effect of glutamine-enriched early enteral nutrition on intestinal mucosal barrier injury after liver transplantation in rats

Background

The effect of glutamine-enriched early enteral nutrition (Gln-EEN) on intestinal mucosal barrier injury after liver transplantation (LT) remains uncertain.

Methods

The Wistar-to-Wistar rat LT model was used to explore the protective effect of Gln-EEN. Morphologic changes of intestinal mucosa, levels of intestinal malondialdehyde and secretory immunoglobulin (sIgA), plasma endotoxin, D-lactic acid, serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), rates of bacterial translocation, and expression of intestinal nuclear factor-κB, TNF-α, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 were determined.

Results

After LT, intestinal mucosa was damaged seriously. At 12, 24, and 48 hours posttransplantation, levels of intestinal sIgA were decreased; levels of malondialdehyde, endotoxin, D-lactic acid, and TNF-α, the ratio of bacterial translocation, and the expression of intestinal nuclear factor-κB, TNF-α, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 all were increased. However, changes in earlier-mentioned parameters in recipients treated with Gln-EEN were attenuated remarkably at 24 to 48 hours.

Conclusions

Our data show that Gln-EEN is a potent protectant against intestinal mucosal barrier injury after LT.     

伊曲康唑治疗心脏病患者侵袭性真菌感染的安全性分析

近年来,深部曲霉感染已成为血液病免疫功能低下致患者死亡的重要原因.伊曲康唑在预防和治疗真菌感染方面具有重要作用,但对于心脏的安全性在医学界一直存在争议[1].现对伊曲康唑治疗2例血液病合并严重心脏病患者并发侵袭性真菌感染进行报道,探讨其对心脏的安全性.     

Long-term exocrine function of the pancreas transplant

The long-term exocrine function of fifty-nine pancreaticoduodenal isografts was evaluated in rats for up to one year post transplantation. At one, three, six, nine, and twelve months after transplantation the grafts were cannulated and the exocrine secretion was collected. The volume, protein content, pH, amylase and trypsin concentrations, and electrolyte composition of the secretion were compared with those obtained from the host pancreas in nineteen control rats. Twenty-four hour secretion studies demonstrated normal basal function of the pancreas transplant when compared with that of the host. Pancreozymin stimulation caused an increase in volume, trypsin concentration, and amylase concentration of the graft pancreas secretion that was similar to those seen in the host. These studies indicate that there is normal exocrine secretion of pancreas transplants in the absence of rejection and that denervation of the gland has little direct effect on over-all pancreatic function.     

Chylothorax Complicating Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

Background

Chylothorax is an infrequent but well-known complication in lung cancer surgery. Previous published studies on this topic are limited, and thoracotomy has been the main surgical approach for treatment. However, chylothorax after lung cancer surgery performed solely by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) has rarely been investigated. The purpose of this study is to evaluate chylothorax after VATS for lung cancer.

Methods

The records of 776 patients with primary non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who underwent VATS for pulmonary resection and mediastinal lymph node dissection (MLND) at our hospital from January 2010 to August 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. Twenty patients with chylothorax (2.58 %) were included in the analysis.

Results

The 20 patients with chylothorax were all treated conservatively, but five patients (25 %) subsequently required reoperation for chylothorax. In patients with pleural drainage of less than 400 ml the first postoperative day, the chylothorax resolved with conservative treatment. Chylothorax also resolved in patients with pleural drainage of more than 400 ml the first or second postoperative day if drainage was less than 400 ml on postoperative day 4 and thereafter. Reoperations were required in cases with an increasing amount of pleural drainage on postoperative day 4 and thereafter.

Conclusions

Most of the chylothorax following VATS for lung cancer can be treated conservatively. However, the timing of surgical intervention for chylothorax following VATS for lung cancer can be earlier if pleural drainage does not show a trend toward decreasing with conservative treatment.     

Pan‐risk factor for a comprehensive cardiovascular health management

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have become the leading cause of death in China. CVDs are mainly caused by multiple well‐known modifiable risk factors that are affected by socioeconomic and environmental determinants, lifestyle and behavioral choices, and familial and genetic predispositions. With more risk factors proved to be associated with CVD occurrence, the concept “pan‐risk factor” is proposed in this review to indicate all discovered and yet‐to‐be‐discovered CVD risk factors for comprehensive primary prevention of CVD. Recognizing more factors and their roles in CVD development and progression is the first step in reducing the ever‐increasing burden of CVD. This review is an overview of the pan‐risk factor whose associations with CVD outcomes have been established. Along with the accumulation of scientific evidence, an increasing number of risk factors will be discovered and included in the list of pan‐risk factors.     

The Influence of Face Shields on the Quality of Colonoscopy in the Era of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Background/AimsThe worldwide coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has led endoscopists to use personal protective equipment (PPE) for infection prevention. This study aimed to investigate whether wearing a face shield as PPE affects the quality of colonoscopy.MethodsWe reviewed the medical records and colonoscopy findings of patients who underwent colonoscopies at Asan Medical Center, Korea from March 10 to May 31, 2020. The colonoscopies in this study were performed by five gastroenterology fellows and four expert endoscopists. We compared colonoscopy quality indicators, such as withdrawal time, adenoma detection rate (ADR), mean number of adenomas per colonoscopy (APC), polypectomy time, and polypectomy adverse events, both before and after face shields were added as PPE on April 13, 2020.ResultsOf the 1,344 colonoscopies analyzed, 715 and 629 were performed before and after the introduction of face shields, respectively. The median withdrawal time was similar between the face shield and no-face shield groups (8.72 minutes vs 8.68 minutes, p=0.816), as was the ADR (41.5% vs 39.8%, p=0.605) and APC (0.72 vs 0.77, p=0.510). Polypectomy-associated quality indicators, such as polypectomy time and polypectomy adverse events were also not different between the groups. Quality indicators were not different between the face shield and no-face shield groups of gastroenterology fellows, or of expert endoscopists.ConclusionsColonoscopy performance was not unfavorably affected by the use of a face shield. PPE, including face shields, can be recommended without a concern about colonoscopy quality deterioration.