Xylopyrine-C,a new cyclopeptide alkaloid from Zizyphus xylopyra

Xylopyrine-C, a new 14-membered ring cyclopeptide alkaloid, has been isolated from the root bark of Zizyphus xylopyra together with a known alkaloid scutianine-C, and their structures were established by chemical and spectral evidences.     

New opacity

Appearance of new opacity on the X-ray may simulate a disease and lead to the battery of test to confirm the disease. We are reporting case report when the patient with pleural effusion presented with the new opacity on follow up chest X-ray.     

A Study of Effect of Progesterone on Epididymis in Albino Rats

Progesterone, an anti androgen compound that recently receiving attention for potential use as male contraceptive and for other medical purposes, such as treatment of prostate diseases. In the present study adult male albino rats were administered the progesterone for 15 &; 30 days and the histology and fine structures of the epididymis were studied. After treatments for 15 and 30 days sperms were found to greatly reduce in number from lumen of caput epididymis, middle segment and cauda epididymis, of severely affected specimen. The epithelium was tall and the light cells were large and distended with many dense bodies resembling lysosome (Loving &; Flickinger 1976)1. The lumen was filled with scanty sperm and debris, which appears to be derived from germ cells. It is suggested that the light cells of epididymal epithelium may have a role in clearing the lumen in which they are particularly large and numerous.The aim of present study is to determine the effect of progesterone on the structure of target cells of epididymis normally stimulated by androgens and further correlate the findings in light of previous studies, to draw the significant conclusion. The study showed that the progesterone have intense inhibitory effect on the epididymis. The degenerative histological findings are found in form of reduce number of spermatozoa, debris of cell mass &; reduce epithelial cells height. These changes may have an important role in the anti fertility effect of progesterone.     

Mental health promotion for elderly populations in World Health Organization South-East Asia Region: Needs and resource gaps

The accelerated population growth of the elderly (individuals aged 60 years or more) across the globe has many indications, including changes in demography, health, the psycho-social milieu, and economic security. This transition has given rise to varied challenges; significant changes have been observed in regard to developing strategies for health care systems across the globe. The World Health Organization (WHO) is also engaging in initiatives and mediating processes. Furthermore, advocacy is being conducted regarding a shift toward the salutogenic model from the pathogenic model. The concept behind this move was to shift from disablement to enablement and from illness to wellness, with the notion of mental health promotion (MHP) being promoted. This article attempts to discuss the MHP of elderly individuals, with special reference to the need to disseminate knowledge and awareness in the community by utilizing the resources of the health sector available in the WHO South-East Asia Region countries. We have tried to present the current knowledge gap by exploring the existing infrastructure, human resources, and financial resources. There is much to do to promote the mental health of the elderly, but inadequate facilities are available. Based on available resources, a roadmap for MHP in elderly individuals is discussed.     

Chemotherapy of leishmaniasis. Part V: Synthesis and in vitro bioevaluation of novel pyridinone derivatives

Some novel 2-substituted pyridinone derivatives exemplified by 3 and 4 have been synthesized from 2-methyl-gamma-pyrone and screened towards in vitro antileishmanial activity profile. Some of the compounds such as 3a, 3b, 4i and 4j displayed good antileishmanial profile.     

Chemotherapy of leishmaniasis. Part VII: synthesis and bioevaluation of substituted terpenyl pyrimidines

Some novel 4-N-substituted terpenyl pyrimidines 5(a-d) and 7(a-g) have been synthesized using novel synthetic methods. The compounds were screened for in vivo antileishmanial screening. When compared to 4-thiomethoxy substituted pyrimidine 2 4-N-substituted terpenyl pyrimidines 5(a-d) and 7(a-g) were found inactive.