A ZnO@ABS/TPU/CaSiO3 3D skeleton and its adsorption/photocatalysis properties for dye contaminant removal

Both adsorption and photocatalysis are considered to be effective methods for removing organic contaminants from dye wastewater. In this study, the construction of 3D skeletons based on the nanoparticles ZnO and ABS/TPU/calcium silicate (CaSiO₃) (shortened as ATC) were fabricated via fused deposition molding (FDM) technology. Characterization by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) depicted that ZnO nanospheres had been successfully grown on the 3D skeleton surface with an enlarged specific surface area. As the results of the RhB adsorption and photocatalytic degradation experiments showed, the removal ratio of RhB onto the ZnO-ATC skeleton was as high as 97.94% and the synergistic effect of adsorption and photocatalysis greatly shortened the RhB degradation time under ultraviolet light irradiation. The nanocomposites synthesized in this study showed a significant removal ability for organic pollutants, and could effectively overcome the limitation of the secondary removal of photocatalysts.

Enhanced synergistic effect of photocatalytic and adsorption was realized through the system constructed of ZnO nanoparticle loaded 3D skeleton.     

Thiolated poly(aspartic acid)-functionalized two-dimensional MoS2, chitosan and bismuth film as a sensor platform for cadmium ion detection

In this work, a sensitive electrochemical platform for determination of cadmium ions (Cd²⁺) is obtained using thiolated poly(aspartic acid) (TPA)-functionalized MoS₂ as a sensor platform by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV). The performance of the TPA–MoS₂-modified sensor is systemically studied. It demonstrates that the TPA–MoS₂ nanocomposite modified sensor exhibits superior analytical performance for Cd²⁺ over a linear range from 0.5 μg L⁻¹ to 50 μg L⁻¹, with a detection limit of 0.17 μg L⁻¹. Chitosan is able to form a continuous coating film on the surface of the GC electrode. The good sensing performance of the TPA–MoS₂-modified sensor may be attributed to the following factors: the large surface area of MoS₂ (603 m² g⁻¹), and the abundant thiol groups of TPA. Thus, the TPA–MoS₂-modified sensor proves to be a reliable and environmentally friendly tool for the effective monitoring of Cd²⁺ existing in aquacultural environments.

In this work, a sensitive electrochemical platform for determination of cadmium ions (Cd²⁺) is obtained using thiolated poly(aspartic acid) (TPA)-functionalized MoS₂ as a sensor platform by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV).     

Synthesis of stable-isotope-labeled N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N′-ethylcarbodiimide and N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N′-ethylurea

N-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-N′-ethylcarbodiimide (EDC) is a carbodiimide coupling reagent commonly used for the preparation of amides from carboxylic acids and amines. Because of initial concerns regarding the genotoxicity of EDC and its use in GMP syntheses at Bristol Myers Squibb, the quantitation of residual EDC and its by-product N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N′-ethylurea (EDU) by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LCMS) impurity analysis was required. These analyses required the use of stable-isotope-labeled EDC and EDU to serve as internal standards. To meet this need, stable-isotope-labeled EDC 9 and EDU 10 were prepared from [1,2-¹³C₂] ethylene glycol and [¹³C,¹⁵N] potassium cyanide in overall yields of 6% and 8%, respectively.     

神经内镜经鼻蝶入路切除颅底脊索瘤的临床疗效及其影响因素分析

目的探讨神经内镜经鼻蝶入路切除颅底脊索瘤的手术策略、临床疗效及其影响因素。方法回顾性分析2004年1月至2021年3月首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院神经外科采用神经内镜经鼻蝶入路切除的颅底脊索瘤患者的临床资料,共纳入373例患者(共行500例次手术)。其中2004—2019年为早期手术组,采用以肿瘤为中心的手术策略;2020—2021年为近期手术组,依据肿瘤的起源部位及其沿着颅底骨缝、神经和大血管孔道延伸生长的特点进行顺序探查和切除(探查顺序形似"龟背")。比较两种手术策略切除肿瘤程度的差异。随访患者的无进展生存期(PFS)和总生存期(OS),采用Kaplan-Meier法生存分析,采用log-rank检验分析不同临床特征患者间PFS和OS的差异。结果500例次手术中,413例次为早期手术组,肿瘤的全切除率、次全切除率、部分切除率分别为35.1%(145例次)、36.6%(151例次)、28.3%(117例次);87例次为近期手术组,肿瘤的全切除率、次全切除率、部分切除率分别为52.9%(46例次)、37.9%(33例次)、9.2%(8例次),两组肿瘤的切除率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。500例次手术,脑脊液漏的发生率为4.6%(23例次)。373例患者中,术后1例(0.3%)死亡,1例(0.3%)发生大面积脑梗死;共325例(87.1%)患者获得完整的随访资料,中位随访时间为31个月(3~193个月)。182例(56.0%)复发,估计总体患者的中位PFS为24个月(95%CI:17.5~30.5);85例(26.2%)死亡,估计总体患者的中位OS为106个月。生存分析显示,与原发性肿瘤、肿瘤体积小、肿瘤全切除、病理学类型为经典型或软骨型肿瘤及术后放疗的患者比较,复发性肿瘤、肿瘤体积大、肿瘤非全切除、病理学类型为去分化或差分化或肉瘤样型肿瘤及术后未行放疗患者的PFS和OS均短,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论依据颅底脊索瘤生长侵袭特点,采用"龟背"形顺序探查、切除肿瘤的手术策略有利于提高肿瘤的切除程度。肿瘤是否原发、体积大小、切除程度、病理学类型、术后是否放疗可能与颅底脊索瘤患者术后的PFS和OS有关。