NEONATAL CONGENITAL CARDIOVASCULAR ANOMALIES ANALYSIS OF 66 AUTOPSY CASES

1,330 autopsies performed at the Pathology Department of this hospital during 1958.-1981, including 415 newborns, a.re studied. Among the 371 cases of congenital anomalies (110 new- borns), 173 were congenital cardiovascular anomalies (66 newborns), a 13% morbidity forming 46.5'70 0f all congenital anomalies seen. The 66 nowborns were 6070 0f all neonatal clan- genital anamalies and 38.2To of all cardiovascular anomaLies. Fetal stage diagnosis and early ter- mination of pregnancy when necessary is the treatment of choice.     

阴茎血流电脑分析检测仪的临床应用(附508例体会)

目的 进一步探讨血管性ED和功能性ED的诊断与鉴别诊断。方法 用我院自行研制的阴茎血流电脑分析检测仪,对508例自诉有勃起功能障碍到我院就医的患者进行了检查,该检查是在阴茎海绵体内注射试验的基础上,检测6条阴茎动脉的血流量,并与自身的肱动脉血流量进行比较,以鉴别动脉性ED、静脉性ED、混合性ED和功能性ED。结果 功能性ED159例,静脉性ED206例,动脉性ED38例,混合性ED105例获得诊断。结论 本仪器是诊断血管性ED的有效仪器。     

先天性马蹄内翻足以胫后肌外移为主的手术治疗长期随访结果

先天性马蹄内翻足是足部常见畸形,病因不明,但有学者认为肌发育不良而引起的肌力不平衡是本病的主要原因[1～4].导致肌力失衡的软组织挛缩包括胫后肌腱、跟腱、足的内在肌、内侧跗跖关节囊、胫前肌,三角韧带及跟舟韧带等,其中胫后肌腱是造成马蹄内翻足的主要因素之一.自1988年12月以来,共手术治疗先天性马蹄内翻足病人41例60足,均采用胫后肌外移为主的矫正手术,取得了良好的效果.     

膝关节骨关节炎滑液和软骨骨桥蛋白水平与其病变程度的相关性

Objective To examine osteopontin (OPN) levels in both synovial fluid and articular cartilage of patients with primary knee osteoarthritis (OA) and to investigate their relationship with severity of the disease. Methods Fifty patients with knee OA and 10 healthy controls were enrolled in this study.There were 15 males and 35 females with an average age of 61.8±7.4 years in OA group. The control group included 4 males and 6 females with an average age of 63.2±6.0 years. Mankin score were taken to determine the disease severity of the affected knee. The radiographic grading of OA in the knee was performed using the Kellgren-Lawrence criteria. OPN levels in synovial fluid were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. OPN levels in articular cartilage were assessed by immunohistochemical methods. Results Compared to healthy controls, the knee OA patients had higher OPN concentration in synovial fluid ([4519.60±1830.37] pg/ml vs. [1179.70±303.39] pg/ml) and articular cartilage([0.60±0.06] vs. [0.43 ±0.07]). In addition, synovial fluid OPN levels showed a positive correlation with articular cartilage OPN levels (r=0.411,P=0.003). Subsequent analysis showed that the OPN levels in synovial fluid significantly had been correlated with severity of disease using Kellgren-Lawrence criteria (r=0.581, P＜ 0.001). Furthermore,the levels of OPN in the articular cartilage also were correlated with disease severity using Mankin score (r=0.675, P＜ 0.001).Conclusion The data suggest that OPN in synovial fluid and articular cartilage is related to progressive joint damage and could be a predictive biomarker respect to disease severity and progression in knee OA.     

Adult-onset hypothyroidism impairs paired-pulse facilitation and long-term potentiation of the rat dorsal hippocampo-medial prefrontal cortex pathway in vivo

Thyroid hormones are critical for the maturation and function of the central nervous system. Insufficiency of thyroid hormones in the adulthood causes a wide range of cognitive dysfunctions, including deficits in learning and memory. The present study investigated whether adult-onset hypothyroidism would alter synaptic functions in the dorsal hippocampo-medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) pathway, a neural pathway important for learning and memory. Adult hypothyroidism was induced by oral administration of 1% (g/l) antithyroid acting drug 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU) to adult male Sprague-Dawley rats for 4 weeks. Postsynaptic potentials (PSP) were recorded in the mPFC by stimulating the dorsal hippocampal CA1 region in vivo. Basal synaptic transmission was evaluated by comparing input-output relationships. Paired-pulse facilitation and long-term potentiation were recorded to examine short- and long-term synaptic plasticity. Adult-onset hypothyroidism did not change the basal synaptic transmission, but significantly reduced paired-pulse facilitation and long-term potentiation of PSP. These inhibitions can be restored by thyroid hormone replacement. The results suggest that such alterations in synaptic plasticity of the dorsal hippocampo-mPFC pathway might contribute to understanding basic mechanisms underlying learning and memory deficits associated with adult-onset hypothyroidism.     

Abnormal neural activity in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study

In this study, a newly reported regional homogeneity approach was used to analyze blood oxygen level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging data on resting state in boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder showed decreased regional homogeneity in the frontal-striatal-cerebellar circuits, but increased regional homogeneity mainly in the occipital cortex. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis of abnormal frontal-striatal-cerebellar circuits in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The regional homogeneity approach may be a potentially useful method in exploring the pathophysiology of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.     

Behçet’s disease complicated by IgA nephropathy with nephrotic syndrome

A 65-year-old woman with a 48-year history of Behçet’s disease associated with nephrotic syndrome is described. Immunofluorescence study revealed IgA nephropathy. Following treatment with an angiotensin II type-I receptor-blocker, an anti-platelet drug, and an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, accompanied by dietary restrictions of protein and sodium, proteinuria was markedly decreased. This report describes our experience with a rare entity of Behçet’s disease complicated by nephrotic syndrome due to IgA nephropathy. Routine urine examination and renal biopsy are needed for the detection and diagnosis of renal problems with Behçet’s disease.     

第2代(温控)射频消融子宫内膜切除术

目的探讨第2代（温度控制）射频消融子宫内膜切除术的疗效、安全性和可行性。方法2004年9月-2006年2月由上海市4家医院联合开展一项多中心、前瞻性研究,完成功能性子宫出血温控射频消融子宫内膜切除术81例。在超声监护下,射频治疗以温度控制模式输出功率50 W、温度设定85℃,按照两侧宫角、宫底、宫体、下段部位顺序射频消融子宫内膜。每个治疗点治疗时间为4 min。结果81例术后随访4-17个月。术后6个月随访70例,其中闭经48.6%（34/70）,点滴状月经41.4%（29/70）,少量月经10%（7/70）,总有效率为100%（70/70）。术后12个月随访67例,其中闭经56.7%（38/67）,点滴状月经29.9%（20/67例）,少量月经9.0%（6/67）,正常月经量3.0%（2/67）,月经量过多1.5%（1/67）,总有效率98.5%（66/67）。结论温控射频消融子宫内膜切除术不仅使患者的异常子宫出血在保留子宫的情况下得到有效的治疗,同时具有操作方便、治疗时间短、并发症少、术后恢复快等特点。     

Neonatal intracranial aneurysms: Case report and review of the literature

Neonatal intracranial aneurysms are rare. The authors report a 1‐month‐old male who presented with focal seizure. Computed tomography scan demonstrated a right frontoparietal intraparenchymal haematoma. A distal right middle cerebral artery aneurysm of 1 cm in diameter was identified intraoperatively and excised. The patient had no neurological deficit at 15 months postoperation. There are only 22 cases of neonatal intracranial aneurysms reported in the literature. Intraparenchymal haematoma is present in 56% of the cases. Distal middle cerebral artery aneurysms account for 35% of the aneurysms. Considering the rareness of neonatal intracranial aneurysms, non‐invasive imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance angiography and computed tomography angiography are the first choice for neonates with intracranial haemorrhage.