Situierte Gesundheitsf?rderung

Background

The handing down of health knowledge and constitutional behavior patterns is a main objective of health promotion. However, interventions often do not lead to the intended change of behavior.

Aim

Among other things, this could be due to the fact that the major proportion of interventional programs are not based on principles of instructional design for bridging the gap between knowledge and action.

Results

One suitable possibility for counteracting this problem can be found in situated learning approaches. In this article, various suggestions for implementation are discussed.     

Psychological distress in cancer from survivorship to end of life care: Prevalence,associated factors and clinical implications

AimsUnderstanding how psychological distress changes over the cancer trajectory is essential to target interventions and care, but is little researched because of difficulties in conducting longitudinal studies. We aimed to determine the prevalence of psychological distress, its associated factors and clinical implications at three different stages in the cancer trajectory.Data and methodsCancer patients from cancer outpatients (n = 200), the general community (n = 364) and specialist palliative care (n = 150) were included. Psychological distress was assessed using the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Associated factors and clinical prognostic value were investigated using logistic regression and Cox regression.ResultsOverall prevalence of psychological distress was 24.5% (95% CI: 18.5–30.5%) in cancer outpatients during or soon after treatment, 16.5% (95%CI: 12.7–20.3%) in the general community and rose to 59.3% (95%CI: 51.4–67.2%) in specialist palliative care. Cancer type was the best predictor for psychological distress in both specialist palliative care (PR_{prostate cancer versus other cancers} = 5.61; 95%CI: 1.21–26.04; p = 0.008) and general community samples (PR_{lung cancer versus other cancers} = 3.64; 95%CI: 1.08–12.35; p = 0.003). Higher scores on GHQ-12 items predicted shorter survival in palliative care patients and showed weak protective or no association with survival in cancer outpatients.ConclusionPatients undergoing oncological treatment and then again as they approaching death have increased levels of psychological distress. Assessing psychological distress through survivorship and especially at these times may identify unmet psychological needs and allow targeted psychological support.     

A multiunit CO2 anesthetizing system for use in transferring mosquitoes during field cage insectcide efficacy tests

A multiunit CO2 delivery and anesthetizing system that supports expanded cage testing of mosquitoes is described. This system has proven more efficient than pipetting for conducting multiple tests and has facilitated the tripling of cage testing capabilities.     

Invasive amebiasis in men who have sex with men, Australia

Entamoeba histolytica is a pathogenic ameba that has recently been recognized as an emerging pathogen in men who have sex with men (MSM) in Asia-Pacific countries where it is not endemic, i.e., Japan, Taiwan, and Republic of Korea. We report locally acquired invasive amebiasis in Sydney, Australia, exclusively in MSM.