Clonal growth of human acute leukemia cells in serum-free methylcellulose medium

Ｔｈｅｇｒｏｗｔｈｏｆｌｅｕｋｅｍｉａｉｎｓｅｍｉｓｏｌｉｄｃｕｌｔｕｒｅｉｎｖｉｔｒｏｗａｓｄｅｐｅｎｄｅｎｔｏｎｔｈｅｐｒｅｓ－ｅｎｃｅｏｆｅｘｏｇｅｎｏｕｓｓｅｒｕｍ．Ｓｅｒｕｍｉｓａｍｉｘ－ｔｕｒｅｃｏｎｔａｉｎｉｎｇｌａｒｇｅｎｕｍｂｅｒｏｆｕｎｉｄｅｎｔｉｆｉｅｄｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｃｏｍｐｏｎｅｎｔｓａｎｄｕｎｉｄｅｎｔｉｆｉｅｄｂｉｏ－ｌｏｇｉｃａｌｌｙａｃｔｉｖｅｓｕｂｓｔａｎｃｅｓ［１］,ｗｈｉｃｈｐｒｏｖｉｄｅｔｈｅｎｕｔｒｉｅｎｔｓｎｅｃｅｓｓａｒｙｆｏｒｔｈｅｃｅｌｌｇｒｏ…     

由门静脉高压症患者脾内血管病变再谈脾脏功能

目的　探讨门脉高压状态下脾脏的功能及其在门脉高压发展中的作用。方法　研究２８ 例门脉高压症患者和１０ 例外伤性脾破裂患者脾脏的血管病变,采用常规ＨＥ 染色和ＭＡＳＳＯＮ 三色染色,光镜下观察其血管的病理改变。结果　与外伤性脾破裂脾脏比较,门脉高压脾内血管发生多种改变如：硬化性血管内膜炎病变,均发生内皮细胞受损、胶原纤维细胞外基质增多、弹力纤维断裂和管壁纤维化。结论　①门脉高压时脾脏微循环发生改变,免疫功能处于紊乱状态;存在保脾和切脾的争论的主要原因是脾脏的病理进展时期不一致;②脾脏在尤其是中重度门脉高压发展中起促进作用;脾内血管病变是门静脉高压症血管病变的一部分     

呼吸道合胞病毒PCR序列分析方法的建立和应用

目的：探讨呼吸道合胞病毒ｃＤＮＡ（ＲＳＶ ｃＤＮＡ）序列分析的方法。方法：将ＰＣＲ扩增与核酸序列分析技术相结合,以γ＾３２Ｐ－ＡＴＰ标记Ｔ７Ｐｒｏｍｏｔｅｒ为测序引物,Ｔａｑ ＤＮＡ聚合酶直接测序。结果：测序梯清晰,可读性好。．ＲＳＶ ＮＳ和Ｎ基因区虽较稳定,但仍有颠换突变。结论：ＲＳＶ的变异性决定了它对人类的反复感染,ＰＣＲ测序方法较简便,在临床标本的检测和变异的观察中有重要意义。     

闭经的细胞遗传学研究

目的： 研究原发性及继发性闭经患者的染色体核型,探讨各种异常核型的分布情况。方法：取外周血做淋巴细胞培养,制备染色体,采用Ｇ显带分析或常规染色体检查。结果：被检的４９３ 例患者中,２６８ 例为原发性闭经。异常染色体核型占４１．８ ％（１１２／２６８）,其中以４５,Ｘ及其各种嵌合型最多,占６５．２％ （７３／１１２）。４６,ＸＹ是原发性闭经另一类常见的异常核型,占２２．３ ％（２５／１１２）。２２５ 例继发性闭经中,异常核型占９．８％ （２２／２２５） ,其中Ｘ单体占２２．７％ （５／２２）。１５．２％ （５／３３）的Ｘ单体患者（ 原发性和继发性闭经）有月经初潮。结论：性染色体异常是导致原发性闭经的主要原因之一,亦是高促性腺素继发性闭经的主要病因。Ｘ 单体及其嵌合型是闭经的主要异常核型。Ｙ染色体的存在也可引起闭经。     

Reduction of tumorigenicity by an interferon-γ-gene-transduced tumor on another syngeneic tumor in a murine model

To evaluate the effect of interferon-γ-genetransduced cells, DS mice were inoculated into their footpads with syngeneic mammary adenocarcinoma SC42 admixed with interferon-γ producing mammary adenocarcinoma SC115Kγ, which had been established by an interferon-γ-gene transduction in another syngeneic mammary adenocarcinoma SC115 using retroviral vectors. These mice rejected both tumor cells and developed resistance to subsequent challenges with either SC115 or SC42 cells inoculated into their opposite posterior footpads. These results thus indicate that systemic immunological memory to each of the independent tumor cell lines developed in these mice. Although the SC42 cells admixed with irradiated SC115Kγ cells were rejected by these mice, the SC42 cells admixed with irradiated SC115neoR, in which the neo-gene had been transduced, were observed to proliferate. Tumor rejection was reversed by an in vivo administration of anti-interferon-γ antibody, thus suggesting that locally produced interferon-γ plays an important role in tumor elimination and immunological memory induction. In conclusion, interferon-γ-gene-transduced tumor cells are therefore considered to have a therapeutic potential for other types of malignant tumor cell lines.     

P2u receptor-mediated release of endothelium-derived relaxing factor/nitric oxide and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor from cerebrovascular endothelium in rats

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Stimulation of P2u purinoceptors by UTP on endothelium dilates the rat middle cerebral artery (MCA) through the release of endothelium-derived relaxing factor/nitric oxide (EDRF/NO) and an unknown relaxing factor. The purpose of this study was to determine whether this unknown relaxing factor is endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF). METHODS: Rat MCAs were isolated, cannulated, pressurized, and luminally perfused. UTP was added to the luminal perfusate to elicit dilations. RESULTS: Resting outside diameter of the MCAs in one study was 209+/-7 micrometer (n=10). The MCAs showed concentration-dependent dilations with UTP administration. Inhibition of NO synthase with NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) (1 micromol/L to 1 mmol/L) did not diminish the maximum response to UTP but did shift the concentration-response curve to the right. Scavenging NO with hemoglobin (1 or 10 micromol/L) or inhibition of guanylate cyclase with ODQ (1 or 10 micromol/L) had effects on the UTP-mediated dilations similar to those of L-NAME. In the presence of L-NAME, dilations induced by 10 micromol/L UTP were accompanied by 13+/-2 mV (P<0.009) hyperpolarization of the vascular smooth muscle membrane potential (-28+/-2 to -41+/-1 mV). Iberiotoxin (100 nmol/L), blocker of the large-conductance calcium-activated K channels, sometimes blocked the dilation, but its effects were variable. Charybdotoxin (100 nmol/L), also a blocker of the large-conductance calcium-activated K channels, abolished the L-NAME-insensitive component of the dilation to UTP. CONCLUSIONS: Stimulation of P2u purinoceptors on the endothelium of the rat MCA released EDHF, in addition to EDRF/NO, and dilated the rat MCA by opening an atypical calcium-activated K channel.     

急性非淋巴细胞白血病中MGMT与p53基因突变的研究

目的 探讨肿瘤抑制基因ｐ５３、ＭＧＭＴ在急性非淋巴细胞白血病（ＡＮＬＬ）中的改变。方法 用聚合酶链反应－单链构象多态性（ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ）技术对３１例ＡＮＬＬ患者、２２例正常人ｐ５３基因第５、６、７、８外显子和ＭＧＭＴ基因第１、４外显子进行突变分析。结果 ３１例ＡＮＬＬ中５例存在ｐ５３基因突变、４例存在ＭＧＭＴ基因突变,其中２例ｐ５３与ＭＧＭＴ同时发生突变。结论 ｐ５３基因突变在白血病发生中起一定     

Neurothekeoma palpebrae: a rare nerve sheath tumor arising in the eyelid

PURPOSE: To report a case of an eyelid neurothekeoma, a rare peripheral nerve sheath tumor. METHODS: Case report. RESULTS: An excisional biopsy, performed on a lesion removed from the upper eyelid of a 76-year-old woman, revealed the clinical and histopathologic features of a neurothekeoma, a tumor consisting of multiple collections of spindle cells in a myxomatous background. Immunohistochemical characterization showed positivity for NK1/C3, neuron-specific enolase, and alcian blue. CONCLUSION: Neurothekeoma palpebrae should be considered in the differential diagnosis of solitary nodules of the eyelids.