多济敷对面部磨削创面愈合的临床疗效观察

目的：本研究采用多济敷外用于面部皮损磨削术后创面,观察其对创面愈合时间、皮肤色素沉着等的变化。方法：采用区域神经阻滞或局部浸润麻醉,对不同类型的面部皮损34例进行皮肤磨削治疗,术后创面应用多济敷或凡士林纱布作为底层敷料包扎创面,术后换药一次,保留底层敷料。结果：2001年8月至2003年9月间,通过自身对照,34例面部磨削术后采用多济敷治疗组较凡士林纱布组创面愈合时间缩短(P＜0．05),经过6个月至2年的随访,皮肤色素沉着也有明显改善。结论：多济敷有利于缩短面部磨削术后创面愈合时间,改善面部色素沉着,外观满意。     

钬激光输尿管镜下碎石与经皮肾取石治疗嵌顿性输尿管上段结石的比较

目的比较钬激光输尿管硬镜碎石与经皮肾取石术治疗嵌顿性输尿管上段结石的疗效。方法106例单侧伴有肾积水的嵌顿性输尿管上段结石,48例采用URL治疗（URL组）,58例采用PCNL治疗（PCNL组）,统计分析2组的结石清除率及手术并发症。结果术后1 d结石清除率URL组25.0%（12/48）显著低于PCNL组98.3%（57/58）（χ^2=62.065,P=0.000）;术后3个月结石清除率URL组77.1%（37/48）显著低于PCNL组100%（58/58）（χ^2=14.831,P=0.000）;术后高热（T〉38.5℃）率URL组8.3%（4/48）与PCNL组6.9%（4/58）无统计学差异（χ^2=0.000,P=1.000）。结论对于嵌顿性输尿管上段结石,在有条件且技术成熟的医院PCNL可作为治疗的首选方法。     

江苏口岸媒介生物监测结果分析

[目的] 加强对输入性医学媒介生物预警应急工作,防止媒介传入,保障我国人民身体健康.[方法] 对江苏口岸2002～2005年上半年输入性媒介生物截获情况进行统计分析.[结果] 2002～2005年上半年江苏口岸输入性媒介生物疫情截获率逐年上升.[结论] 传染病传播媒介生物的监测、病原携带检测和传入性风险分析,将作为世界卫生组织评估“监测技术水平、预警反应能力和处置实力”的重要指标之一,成为各成员国关注的焦点,同时也将成为各成员国间设置贸易技术壁垒的重要手段之一.因此,加强传染病传播媒介生物监测和控制工作势在必行.     

Observations on pathological and histochemical changes in piglet livers infected with Taenia saginata asiatica

To study the pathological and histochemical characteristics of lesions in piglet livers infected with Taenia saginata asiatica (T. saginata asiatica) throughout the different stages, piglets were fed with eggs of T. saginata asiatica and raised in isolation in an animal center to establish the T. saginata asiatica infection model with normal piglets as control. The pathological changes in the piglet livers were observed after the infection using liver sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Histochemical methods were used to check the changes in lipid, glycogen and protein content in the liver. The data collected by image analysis were analyzed statistically with Statistical Package for the Social Science. The results show that T. saginata asiatica-exposed piglets were indeed infected. Inflammatory reactions began on the fourth day and progressed rapidly. Kupffer cell hyperplasia, hepatic hydropic degeneration and ballooning degeneration were found in the 10th–20th days after infection. Hepatic central veins and hepatic sinusoids were dilated and congested. Spotty necrosis occurred in some local liver tissues. In the 40th–60th days, granulomatous reactions and mild hepatocirrhosis were the main lesions. In the 70th–80th days, hepatocirrhosis and bile duct proliferation were observed in the liver. In the different stages, lipid drops were increased while glycogen and protein levels were decreased to some degree. There was a significant difference in metabolism between the infected group and the control group (P < 0.01). It is concluded that pigs are the favorable intermediate host of T. saginata asiatica and its infection can result in serious pathological and histochemical lesions in host organs. Translated from Journal of Guiyang Medical College, 2006, 31(4): 296–300 [译自: 贵阳医学院学报]     

静脉输注中排气法的改进

[目的]对静脉输注操作中的排气法进行改进,使其更适合护理工作.[方法]同1名护理人员对相同病人分别用两种排气法进行静脉输注.[结果]改进的静脉输注排气法最大限度地缩短了操作时间,提高了排气一次成功率,同时减少了药物的丢失量.[结论]改进后的静脉输注排气法有很大的实用性和可行性,提高了一次性排气成功率,缩短了操作时间,使整个操作更连贯,方便.     

美国OHMEDA麻醉机故障分析与排除

故障1故障现象:病人呼吸回路漏气。可能原因:1.手控时APL阀未关闭,2.钠石灰罐安装不严密,3.螺纹管损坏或接头松动,4.活瓣罩未拧紧,5.手动/自动转换开关失灵。解决方法:1.关闭半紧闭APL阀,2.重新安装半紧闭APL阀,3.更换新管或重新安装管路,4.重新拧紧活瓣罩。故障2故障现象:呼气     

深化改革依法执业崇尚医德注重沟通——努力构建和谐的医患关系

文章回顾了医患关系的历史和现状,将医患关系的发展划分为四个时期,即萌芽成长期、成熟定型期、空前和谐期、转轨变型期,着重指出了转轨变型期医患关系不和谐的现状。分析了医患关系不和谐的成因,首先是体制、机制方面的原因;第二是医疗机构和医务人员方面的原因;第三是社会转轨变型期的各种社会矛盾在医患关系上的体现。探讨了构建和谐医患关系的途径:建立公平高效的医疗卫生体系是前提;崇尚医德,提高医术是基础;交流和沟通是关键;依法执业是保障。