Outpatient arthroscopy under local anesthesia

Summary Arthroscopy under general anesthesia is carried out today by many orthopedic surgeons. Endoscopy of joints under general anesthetic conditions seems to be too much effort for diagnostic purposes only.These reflections gave reason to perform arthroscopy as an outpatient examination under local anesthesia.From 1977 to 1979, 160 outpatient arthroscopies have been carried out at the University Hospital of Orthopedic Surgery in Düsseldorf. Preparation, technique, complications, and problems of this procedure are discussed.

---

Zusammenfassung Arthroskopische Untersuchungen von Gelenken in Narkose, verbunden mit stationärem Aufenthalt der Patienten, werden mittlerweile an vielen orthopädisch-chirurgischen Kliniken durchgeführt. Die mit Narkose verbundene Arthroskopie erscheint für diagnostische Zwecke allein jedoch als zu aufwendig. Diese Überlegungen gaben Anlaß, die Arthroskopie als ambulante Untersuchung in Lokalanästhesie voranzutreiben. An der Orthopädischen Klinik der Universität Düsseldorf. wurden in den Jahren 1977 bis 1979 160 ambulante Arthroskopien in örtlicher Betäubung durchgeführt. Es wird über Vorbereitung, Technik, Komplikationen und Probleme bei diesem Verfahren berichtet.

     

Coexistence in Human Sera of a Cell (Membrane?) Antigen and of Autoantibodies Directed against it

Antibodies purified from sera of patients with Burkitt's lymphoma by absorption onto and elution from cultured lymphoblastoid cells, were labeled with ¹²⁵I and repurified by repeating the absorption-elution procedure. The doubly purified antibodies bound with a high degree of efficiency to immunoadsorbents prepared by entrapping in polyacrylamide gel normal human serum or exudate fluids from patients with ovarian or breast cancer. Binding was specific, as it could be inhibited by high dilutions of human sera but not by animal sera. Globulin fractions of human sera were strongly inhibitory. Their capacity to inhibit was lost after treatment with rabbit anti-human IgG serum, indicating that at least part of the inhibition could be ascribed to antibodies. Some inhibitory activity was also found, however, in the "albumin" fractions of sera, suggesting that an antigen was also involved. It appears, therefore, that practically all human sera contain antibodies reacting with an antigen(s) which is present on human cells and is also circulating freely in serum and other body fluids. Sera of patients with Burkitt's lymphoma contained, on the average, higher concentrations of these antibodies, as compared to sera of individuals not suffering from this disease. The antigen is thought to be associated with the cell membrane and has been identified in cells of widely differing origin.     

Long-acting oral vs injectable antipsychotic drugs in schizophrenics: a one-year double-blind comparison in multiple episode schizophrenics.

Sixty patients meeting the criteria established for schizophrenia who attained a clinical plateau following hospital discharge were randomized to receive for one year either penfluridol, 20 to 160 mg orally once each week, or fluphenazine decanoate, 0.5 to 4 ml every two weeks. The relapse rate for both treatments was low and equal. The rate of recurrence of psychosis for patients receiving penfluridol was 7% and for those receiving fluphenazine decanoate 10%. A retrospective comparison of the penfluridol group was made to a similar group of patients assigned to placebo in an earlier study. Placebo-treated patients had a relapse rate of 68%. Penfluridol patients had statistically fewer psychotic relapses. Questions about the possible carcinogenicity of penfluridol in animals will have to be resolved before it can be widely used. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using an oral, long-acting antipsychotic agent. It would be a useful psychopharmacologic addition in the treatment of outpatient schizophrenics.     

Teratologic evaluation of Alcide liquid in rats and mice. I

Alcide, a liquid sterilizer, was evaluated for teratogenic potential in rats and mice. Sodium chlorite and lactic acid, the active ingredients of this compound, form chlorine dioxide when mixed. Pregnant rats and mice were administered 1 ml and 0.1 ml, respectively, of Alcide liquid by gavage on days 6-15 of gestation. The general health of the dams was evaluated and the fetuses examined for external, visceral and skeletal malformations. There was no evidence of maternal toxicity among treated rats and mice. Fetal viability, weight, length and number of resorptions were comparable with control groups. Teratogenic toxicity was not detected in either species. There was some incidence of skeletal and visceral anomalies; however, these variances were not significantly different from control animals.     

Ein Latex-Agglutinationstest (LA-Test) zur Typenbestimmung von Enteroviren

Zusammenfassung In vorliegender Arbeit wird ein Latex-Agglutinationstest zum Nachweis und zur Typenbestimmung von Enteroviren beschrieben. In der Gewebekultur vermehrte Enteroviren konnten ohne vorherige Konzentration oder Reinigung typisiert werden. Zur Sensibilisierung der Latexpartikeln dienten -Globuline aus Hyperimmunseren gegen Poliovirus Typ 1, Coxsackievirus Typ A9, B4, B5 und Echovirus Typ 9.

---

A latex agglutination test for typing enteroviruses

Summary A Latex agglutination test for the identification and typing of enteroviruses is described. Enteroviruses grown in tissue cultures could be tested without previous concentration or purification. For the sensibilization of Latex particles IgG fractions from hyperimmune sera against poliovirus type 1, Coxsackievirus type A9, B4, B5 and Echovirus type 9 were used.

---

---

Wir danken Herrn Prof. Dr. R. Bercks und Frau Gertrud Querfurth, Biologische Bundesanstalt für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Institut für Virusserologie, Braunsehweig, für wertvolle Hinweise bei der Erarbeitung des Testes, Herrn Volker Thieme und Fräulein Angela Kammerlander für technische Assistenz.     

Zur Wertigkeit der Phonokardiographie und einiger anderer Untersuchungsverfahren in der postoperativen Beurteilung angeborener Angiokardiopathien

Zusammenfassung An Hand eines größeren Krankengutes von bereits operierten, angeborenen Herzfehlern werden die postoperativen klinischen Befunde (Ekg, PKG und Röntgenbild) besprochen. Durch Nachkatheterisierungen wurde das klinische Bild mit der Hämodynamik korreliert und auf seine Wertigkeit geprüft.Dabei fand sich, daß bei der isolierten Pulmonalstenose, beim persistierenden Ductus Botalli und eventuell auch beim Ventrikelseptumdefekt die klinische Nachuntersuchung den Herzkatheterismus ersetzen kann, da genügend genaue Kriterien für die Beurteilung des Operationserfolges existieren.Bei der Aortenstenose, dem Vorhofseptumdefekt und dem Mb. Fallot hingegen empfiehlt es sich, bei Persistieren oder Wiederauftreten von Beschwerden eine Nachkatheterisierung vorzunehmen und im Fall von Scheidewanddefekten auch die Wasserstoff-Platin Technik anzuwenden, um die hämodynamischen Verhältnisse abzuklären und die Indikation zu einer eventuell notwendigen Reoperation zu stellen.

---

Summary On a greater number of patients who have been operated on congenital anomalies of the heart the postoperative clinical findings (ecg, peg and chest x-ray) are discussed. They were correlated with the hemodynamic data by repeated cardiac catheterization.It was found that in patients with pulmonary stenosis, persistent Ductus arterious and ventricular septal defects the postoperative clinical examination is sufficiently accurate for the estimation of the operative results.On the other hand, in aortie stenosis, atrial septal defect and tetralogy of Fallot patients should be catheterized again if complaints persist or appear again. In patients with septal defects the hydrogen technic should be used to detect small residual shunts.

---

---

Mit 7 Abbildungen in 11 Einzeldarstellungen und 1 Tabelle     

SURFACE MARKERS ON HUMAN B AND T LYMPHOCYTES : II. PRESENCE OF EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS RECEPTORS ON B LYMPHOCYTES

Human peripheral lymphocytes were investigated for receptors binding Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) because of the regular association of this virus with infectious mononucleosis and Burkitt's lymphoma. This was done by a cytoadherence technique where virus-producing cells, displaying fresh viral determinants in their cytoplasmatic membrane, were mixed with lymphocytes. Unfractionated lymphocytes were found to adhere to these cells in contrast to column-purified T lymphocytes. The specificity of the binding was confirmed by blocking experiments that showed that sera containing high titers of antibodies directed against the virus could partially inhibit the adherence in contrast to low-titer sera. It is concluded that B lymphocytes, in contrast to T lymphocytes, have receptors for EBV. In a second line of experiments it was found that established human lymphoblastoid lines that carry the EBV genome had receptors characteristic for B lymphocytes and did not form T-lymphocyte rosettes. In contrast, a line of known T-lymphocyte origin that did not carry the EBV genome had receptors characteristic for T lymphocytes. EBV-transformed simian lymphoblastoid lines had surface markers indicating a B-lymphocyte origin in contrast to HVS-transformed simian lines that lacked surface immunoglobulin but carried receptors for sheep red blood cells.