Chemotaxis of freshly separated and cultured human keratinocytes

It is generally accepted that keratinocyte migration plays a critical role in the process of wound healing. A study was therefore made of the migratory response of freshly separated and cultured human keratinocytes to factors with chemotactic properties for a variety of cells. Interleukin-lα (IL-lα), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) were tested for their chemotactic effectiveness in a modified Boydcn chamber assay. IFN-γ, IL-lα and IL-8 were demonstrated to serve as chemoattractants for freshly separated keratinocytes. For cultured cells, however, only IFN-γ was found to display chemotactic properties. The findings demonstrate that there is significant difference between the chemotactic behaviour of freshly separated and cultured cells.     

Time course of serotonin in platelets from patients with affective disorders

Temporal variations in platelet levels of serotonin were found to be significantly decreased in patients with endogenous affective disorders, particularly those with the bipolar type of manic-depressive psychosis. The time course of serotonin content in these cells was not affected by either the sex or the age of the patients.In vitro incubation with lithium oxybutyrate raised mean platelet serotonin levels and stabilized their fluctuation in platelets from healthy subjects but not in those from the mental patients. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 117, N ^o 3, pp. 240–242, March, 1994 Presented by E. D. Gol'dberg, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

等长运动对正常人、冠心病患者左室心功能的影响

目的 :通过核素心血池显像测定静息状态和等长运动后正常人、冠心病患者左室心功能指标的变化 ,探讨等长运动对冠心病诊断的临床价值。方法 :45例正常人、10 0例冠心病患者常规核素平衡法门电路心血池显像测定左室心功能。在静息状态下采集后 ,保持探头和患者体位不变 ,双手握力 5～ 10 min并同时进行采集从而获得静息和握力运动状态下两组血流动力学指标和时间—放射性曲线。11例正常人和 10 0例冠心病患者行冠状动脉及左心室造影 ,两项检查间隔不超过两周。运用 SPSS9.0统计软件进行 t检验和直线相关分析。结果 :左室射血分数（L VEF）、高峰充盈率 （PFR）、左室舒张末期容积 （L VEDV ）、左室收缩末期容积 （L VESV ）和心率 （HR）在静息（Rest）状态下 ,对照组和冠心病组分别为 （5 2± 9） % vs（4 5± 9% ） ,P<0 .0 1;2 .7± 0 .8EDV/s vs2 .0± 0 .8EDV/s,P<0 .0 1;1.33± 0 .12 vs 1.2 8± 0 .11,P <0 .0 5 ;0 .6 3± 0 .10 vs 0 .0 7± 0 .0 8,P<0 .0 1;7.0± 10 m in- 1 vs 6 9± 9min- 1 ,P>0 .0 5。在等长握力运动 （Stress）状态下 ,对照组和冠心病组分别为 （5 6± 10 ） % vs（4 2± 10 ） % ,P<0 .0 1;3.1± 0 .8EDV/s vs 1.8± 0 .7EDV/s.P<0 .0 1;1.35± 0 .14vs 1.2 5± 0 .12 ,P<0 .0 1;0 .6 0± 0 .1     

美国临床肿瘤学会IV期非小细胞肺癌化疗的临床实践指南更新

本文旨在为IV期非小细胞肺癌患者的治疗提供更新版推荐。本文资料检索源自2002年以来公布的相关随机试验文献。此指南范围限于化疗与生物治疗。更新委员会对这些文献进行了总结并提供了推荐更新。162篇文献符合标准被纳入参考。本推荐基于可改善总生存期的治疗方法。仅改善无进展生存期的治疗方法推动了对毒性及生存质量的监测。对于体力状态评分为0分或1分患者的一线治疗,可推荐以铂类为基础的细胞毒性药物的两药联用。对铂类治疗有禁忌的患者,可采用非铂类细胞毒性两药联合。对于体力状态评分为2分的患者,单一细胞毒性药物即可。对于疾病进展或经过4个周期的治疗仍对治疗无反应的患者,应停止一线细胞毒性化疗。即使在6个周期后患者对治疗仍有反应,亦应停止两药细胞毒性化疗。对于伴有明确的表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor,EGFR)突变的患者,可推荐一线采用吉非替尼治疗;对于EGFR突变为阴性或不明确的患者,细胞毒性化疗更佳。除具有特定临床特征的患者外,可推荐贝伐单抗与卡铂-紫杉醇联用。对于通过免疫组化证实EGFR阳性的肿瘤患者,可推荐西妥昔单抗与顺铂-长春瑞滨联用。多西紫杉醇、厄洛替尼、吉非替尼...     

Childhood obesity: contributing factors, consequences and intervention

Childhood obesity has been growing at an alarming rate and is the most common nutritional problem among children in developed as well as in developing countries. It is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, including cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, endocrine and psychosocial morbidities. This unhealthy trend will progress to adulthood and is expected to lead to huge economic costs in health and social security systems. Among the many factors which contribute to the increasing prevalence of childhood obesity include environment and genetic factors. This paper discusses the aetiology, consequences and necessary interventions for this problem.     

Factors associated with chronic illness among the elderly in a rural community in Malaysia

Chronic illness is one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity among the elderly. To determine the prevalence and factors associated with chronic illness among the elderly in a rural community setting. A cross sectional study design was used. Stratified proportionate cluster sampling method was used to select respondents in Mukim Sepang, Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia. Out of 263 elderly residents (6.2% of the total population), 223 agreed to participate in the study giving a response rate of 84.8%. The prevalence of chronic illness among the elderly in Mukim Sepang was 60.1%. Out of 223 respondents, 134 were diagnosed as having chronic illness such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, ischaemic heart disease, bronchial asthma or gout. Chronic illness was found to be significantly associated with functional dependence among the elderly (chi2=6.863, df=1, p<0.05). The prevalence of chronic illness among the elderly in the rural community is very high. Problems facing this age-group should be addressed comprehensively in order to formulate appropriate programmes for the health care of the elderly.     

Alzheimer患者脑中微管相关蛋白tau的异常翻译后修饰

正常人脑中每mol tau蛋白含磷量为2～3mol,而AD患者脑中每mol tau蛋白含磷量为5～9mol,比对照组高2～3倍.AD易溶型异常磷酸化的tau蛋白和神经原纤维缠结中的tau蛋白均被外源凝集素GNA标记,并以强度递降的顺序被MAA,PNA和DSA标记,但不被SNA标记,而正常人脑tau蛋白不与上述任一凝集素反应.结果提示,Alzheimer患者脑中tau蛋白除被异常过度磷酸化修饰外,不同程度地还被甘露糖,末端α-(2-3)连接的半乳糖,末端半乳糖-β-(1-3)-N-乙酰半乳糖胺及半乳糖β-(1-4)-N-乙酰半乳糖胺糖基化修饰.     

Dietary management of a patient with diabetes mellitus: a case report

The Ministry of Health has launched healthy lifestyle and diabetes campaigns. However, adopting healthy lifestyle practices is not easy as revealed in this case. Patients and their families need to be supervised personally and counseled regularly. Healthy lifestyle habits such as maintaining a balanced diet, ideal body weight and physical activities need to be cultivated and practised. Dietary counseling sessions need to be implemented, preferably by dietitians as this has been shown to be effective in motivating diabetic patients to achieve a better food choice, as well as better glycaemic, lipid and weight control, as shown in this case.     

The prevalence of depression among elderly warded in a tertiary care centre in Wilayah Persekutuan

Depression is characterized by symptoms like disturbance in behavior, cognition and mood. This is commonly known to affect people aged 60 years and above especially those who are also afflicted with illnesses. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of depression and its associated factors among the elderly in a tertiary care centre in Wilayah Persekutuan. A cross sectional study design was done. Stratified cluster sampling method was used to select the respondents. All elderly patients were selected from the orthopaedic, surgical, gynaecology and medical wards in a government hospital in Wilayah Persekutuan. A 30-item Geriatric Depression Scale questionnaire was used as a screening instrument. Out of the 246 elderly subjects, 198 were interviewed giving a response rate of 80.5%. The results showed that 54% of the elderly respondents were found to have depressive symptoms. Age (p=0.022), sex (p=0.008), ethnicity (p=0.022) and functional disabilities in bathing (p=0.001), grooming (p=0.007), dressing (p= 0.007), using the toilet (p=0.002), transferring from bed to chair and back (p=0.000), mobility (p=0.000) and climbing stairs (p=0.000) were all found to be significantly associated with depression among the elderly respondents. The outcome of this study will have an important impact on the implementation of the health policy for the elderly patients admitted to hospitals.