重症肌无力患者外周血B7：CD28／CTLA4共刺激分子表达的动态变化

目的：研究重症肌无力（MG）患者B7：CD28／CTLA4共刺激通路相关分子表达动态变化及其与MG发病的关系。方法：用流式细胞仪检测18例MG患者和16例健康对照者外周血单个核细胞（PBMC）在经PMA（佛波酯）＋ionomycin(钙离子导入剂）刺激的0h,6h,24h,48h时B7－1、B7－2、CD28、CTLA4分子在CD4^ T细胞和CD8^ T细胞表面的表达。结果：（1）0h,MG患者B7－1、B7－2分子总体表达增加，CD4^ 、CD8^ T细胞表面B7－1、B7－2的表达未见明显增加，PMA＋ionomycin刺激后B7－1、B7－2在CD4^ 、CD8^ T细胞表面也无增加；（2）0h,CD28、CTLA4的表达增强，其中CD28^ 细胞的增多主要表现在CD4^ T细胞亚群，CTLA4的表达增强主要在CD8^ T细胞，在PMA＋ionomycin激活后，CD28表达明显增强，持续到48h都处于较高水平（与对照组相比P＜0．01），CTLA4表达出现短暂增强，6h即达高峰，以后下降，与对照组相比无显著增强（P＞0．05）。结论：MG患者外周血中B7：CD28／CTLA4通路共刺激相关分子表达增高，持续时间延长，检测共刺激分子的表达可反映机体的免疫激活状态，B7：CD28／CTLA4通路在MG发病中可能起重要作用。     

用压力容积关系测量颅内顺应性的一种方法

为建立用压力-容积关系测量颅内顺应性的方法,选用12条狗安置硬膜外球囊,通过恒速注液和抽液改变球囊内液量,从而改变颅内容积和颅内压,由压力传感器持续记录脑室内压力,分别用二次抛物线、幂指数、对数关系式对颅腔的P-V实验数据进行拟合,从而求得各关系式的系数.通过对系数的分析研究颅内顺应性.结果表明(1)二次抛物线关系式中的系数满足线性关系;(2)指数关系比抛物线关系拟合得更好,压力较高时更是如此;(3)简化的对数关系式在压力较高时可以近似拟合容积压力关系;(4)在一定范围内,颅内顺应性对应变率不敏感.     

前列腺素E1对大鼠卵泡壁发育和分化影响的形态学观察

本文应用组织学方法和电镜对PGE1引起未成熟大鼠卵泡颗粒细胞和卵泡膜外层细胞的形态学变化作了研究。结果表明:外源性PGE1刺激了颗粒细胞的发育和黄体化,同时也促进了卵泡膜外层细胞的发育和从成纤维细胞向平滑肌细胞分化。文中对有关PGE1在排卵过程中的作用机制等问题进行了讨论。     

HLA-DPA1 promoter haplotypes are differently distributed in southern Chinese ethnic groups

DPA1 gene is one of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II genes and its promoter is highly polymorphic. From comparative studies among five southern Chinese populations, Jing, Li, Bai, Lahu, and Meizhou Han, we describe their single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)/haplotype frequency data of HLA-DPA1 gene promoter in this study. Within the 760-bp promoter region, we have identified 21 SNPs and nine possible haplotypes. Pair-wise comparisons show similar frequencies distribution of the HLA-DPA1 promoter haplotypes among Jing, Li, and Bai, whereas all pair-wise comparisons involved with Lahu or Meizhou Han and other ethnic groups show remarkable difference. The differences in frequencies of HLA-DPA1 promoter alleles may reveal different ethnic origins and demographic histories of the five populations. Our study may help distinguishing each of these populations by sequence variations of HLA-DPA1 promoter, which may be served as functional molecular markers for clinical and immunological studies involving the DPA1 locus.     

Cloning and characterization of a novel gene which encodes a protein interacting with the mitosis-associated kinase-like protein NTKL

NTKL is an evolutionarily conserved kinase-like protein. The cell-cycle-dependent centrosomal localization of NTKL suggested that it was involved in centrosome-related cellular function. The mouse NTKL protein is highly homologous with human NTKL. A novel mouse protein was identified as an NTKL-binding protein (NTKL-BP1) by yeast two-hybrid screening, and the full-length cDNA was amplified based on the result of a sequence data analysis cloning strategy. The full-length cDNA sequence of the NTKL-BP1 gene consists of 2,537 bp, which encode 368 amino acids. A database search revealed that homologues of NTKL-BP1 exist in different organisms, including Arabidopsis thaliana, Drosophila melanogaster, Plasmodium falciparum, Geobacter metallireducens, Anopheles gambiae and human. It suggests that NTKL-BP1 is an evolutionarily conserved protein. The expression of NTKL-BP1 was observed in multiple normal mouse tissues. The interaction of the two proteins was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation. Moreover, immunofluorescent staining indicated that NTKL and NTKL-BP1 were all localized in the cytoplasm.     

NMDA receptor mediated dendritic plasticity in cortical cultures after oxygen-glucose deprivation

Dendrites and spines undergo dynamic changes in physiological and pathological conditions. Dendritic outgrowth has been observed in surviving neurons months after ischemia, which is associated with the functional compensation. It remains unclear how dendrites in surviving neurons are altered shortly after ischemia, which might reveal the mechanisms underlying neuronal survival. Using primary cortical cultures, we monitored the dendritic changes in individual neurons after oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). Two to four hours of OGD induced approximately 30–50% cell death in 24 h. However, the total dendritic length in surviving neurons was significantly increased after OGD with a peak at 6 h after re-oxygenation. The increase of dendritic length after OGD was mainly due to the sprouting rather than the extension of the dendrites. The dendritic outgrowth after 2 h of OGD was greater than that after 4 h of OGD. Application of NMDA receptor blocker MK-801 abolished OGD-induced dendritic outgrowth, whereas application of AMPA receptor antagonist CNQX had no significant effects. These results demonstrate a NMDA receptor-dependent dendritic plasticity shortly after OGD, which provides insights into the early response of surviving neurons after ischemia.     

LHRH药代动力学试验

目的:研究黄体激素释放激素(Luteinizinghormone releasinghormone,LHRH)在大鼠体内的药动学规律。方法:用氯胺T法将125I标记到LHRH分子上(放化纯度96.2%),14只SD大鼠随机分为大剂量、小剂量组,每组7只,分别肌肉注射125I LHRH(小剂量组0.5mg.kg,大剂量组1.00mg.kg),给药后在21个不同时间点逐一取各鼠尾动脉血做放射性测定。结果:大鼠试验结果显示,大剂量组t1/2平均为67.83±20.84h;小剂量组半衰期平均为64.68±22.90h。LHRH的药—时曲线符合二室模型,大剂量LHRH和小剂量LHRH的主要药动学指标差别不大。结论:LHRH在大鼠体内的消除模式为二室模型,为一级动力学消除。     

微波辐射免疫比浊法加速测定免疫球蛋白

本文应用微波辐射免疫比浊法加速测定免疫球蛋白(IgG、IgA、IgM).结果表明:用本法测定的线性范围较宽:IgG从3.24～51.92/L;IgA从0.49～7.92g/L;IgM从0.36～5.75/L.批内、批间精密度(CV):IgG从44～7.4%;IgA从4.1～9.5%;IgM从4.0～8.8%.本法与传统免疫比浊法和进口试剂自动免疫比浊法(Monarch 2000)测定比较,其结果相关良好,r从0.950至0.996,P>0.05.本法的特点是操作简便、快速,可明显缩短抗原和抗体反应达到终点的时间.     

高血压鼠动脉壁去甲肾上腺素含量及形态变化研究

取不同年龄组自发性高血压鼠的胸主动脉，颈劝脉和基底动脉，用高效液相色谱－电化学检测仪测定其去甲肾上腺素含量，并取脑软膜血管作超微结构观察，结果显示：各组高血压鼠动有脉壁去甲肾上腺素含量均下降，颈内动脉更明显；脑血管内弹性膜部分断裂，平滑肌细胞有空不包变性等。