导数光谱系数倍率法测定多组分体系感冒清胶囊中盐酸吗啉胍的含量

This paper provides a basic principle and experimental technique of derivative signal multiplier spectrophotometry in multicomponent mixture. A microcomputer was used to process the spectral data measured on a manual spectrophotometer (UV-7520) for the determination of moroxydine hydrochloride in Gan Mao Qing capsules. Quantitative analysis of multicomponent mixture can be done without sample separation. The selection of optimal wavelength pairs is performed through the program with a computer. The method needs no special spectrophotometer and is simple, rapid and easy to operate. The mean recovery was 99.98 +/- 0.53% (n = 12).     

HPLC柱切换法测定血浆和尿样中头孢克肟浓度

用双泵HPLC柱切换系统直接进样测定血浆和尿样中头孢克肟(cefixime,CFIX)的浓度。血浆和尿样的回收率分别为99.1%和98.6%;最低检测浓度分别为0.05和0.2μg/ml;日内和日间的RSD小于5%;血浆和尿样浓度分别在0.1～3.2和1.0～32μg/ml范围内呈线性相关。此方法集样品净化、富集成分和色谱分析一次连续进行,操作简便、快速,可以进较大的样品量,灵敏度相对明显提高。     

赛拉嗪对麻醉大鼠海马CA1区乙酰胆碱含量的影响

应用乙酰胆碱选择性微电极技术,观察到小剂量赛拉嗪(2.0和6.0mg·kg^-1)可显著增加大鼠海马CA1区ACh的含量,而大剂量赛拉嗪(10.0mg·kg^-1)及咪唑克生(0.6mg·kg^-1)则作用相反。咪唑克生虽可明显拮抗赛拉嗪的作用,但海马CA₁区ACh的含量仍显著低于正常水平。在去兰斑核的大鼠上,赛拉嗪(2.0和6.0mg·kg^-1)及咪唑克生(0.6mg·kg^-1)分别对海马CA₁区ACh的含量具有减少和增加作用,且咪唑克生拮抗赛拉嗪的作用后,海马CA₁区ACh的含量基本恢复至正常水平。结果提示,赛拉嗪对麻醉大鼠海马CA₁区ACh含量呈双相性影响,咪唑可生虽能显著拮抗赛拉嗪的作用,但海马CA₁区ACh的含量仍明显低于正常水平,可能分别与赛拉嗪和咪唑克生降低或提高中枢NE能系统的功能有关。     

Invasive electrophysiological evaluation of patients with sleep apnoea-associated ventricular asystole—methods and preliminary results

SUMMARY  Twelve patients (aged 48 ± 12 y) with ventricular asystole of >3s due to complete atrioventricular (AV) block ( n = 8), sinoatrial (SA) block or sinus node arrest ( n = 3) or both ( n = 1) associated with obstructive sleep apnoea underwent invasive electrophysiological evaluation of sinus node function and AV conduction properties before and after administration of atropine (0.02 mg kg^-1). Ventricular asystole lasted for 5.9 ± 2.8 s (range 3.1–13 s). Sinus node function was assessed by measurement of sinus node recovery time, sinoatrial conduction time, and the response of sinus rate to atropine. Parameters of AV-conduction assessment included AH- and HV-intervals, AV- and VA-Wenckebach periods, and effective refractory period of the AV node before and after atropine. Sinus node function was normal in 11 of the 12 study patients and moderately abnormal in 1 patient. AV-nodal function was normal in 8 patients and moderately abnormal in 4 patients. A slightly prolonged HV-interval (59–63 ms) was present in 6 patients. Intra- or infra His block was not observed in any patient. In conclusion, normal or only moderately abnormal electrophysiological findings in patients with sleep apnoea-associated ventricular asystole suggest that a neurally mediated cardioinhibitory reflex may cause ventricular asystole in these patients. This sleep apnoea-triggered 'vasovagal' reflex may unmask pre-existing mild to moderate structural abnormalities of the AV conduction system.     

Antibodies to tumor necrosis factor alpha prevent increases in cell replication in liver due to the potent peroxisome proliferator, WY- 14,643

Several structurally dissimilar hypolipidemic drugs, plasticizers and halogenated hydrocarbons induce peroxisomes in hepatocytes, and cause hepatocellular adenoma and carcinoma in rats and mice. The mechanism by which these agents act is unknown, although recent studies have suggested a link between increased cell proliferation and hepatic cancer caused by peroxisome proliferators. Here, we demonstrate that neutralizing antibodies to tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) block increases in protein kinase C and cell proliferation due to [4- chloro-6-(2,3-xylidino)-2-pyrimidinylthio]acetic acid (WY-14,643), a hypolipidemic drug and potent peroxisome proliferator that causes tumors. WY-14,643 moderately elevated the level of TNF alpha mRNA in the liver. TNF alpha was detected immunohistochemically exclusively in Kupffer cells. These results demonstrate that WY-14,643 acts as an indirect mitogen on hepatocytes via TNF alpha. We propose that the Kupffer cell, a major source of TNF alpha in the liver, is involved in the mechanism of the mitogenic effect of WY-14,643.      

共轭方向法在HPLC流动相条件优化中的应用——麻黄碱、伪麻黄碱的分离

麻黄碱与伪麻黄碱是中药麻黄的主要有效成分,也是一对化学物理性质很相似的差向异构体。二者的结构只是构象不同,用色谱方法进行分离有一定的难度。目前已有在苯基和腈基键合固定相上进行HPLC分离的报道^(1,2)。本文成功地引入共轭方向法在μBondapak C₁₈色谱柱上对流动相组成进行了条件优化,优化后的色谱条件下麻黄碱与伪麻黄碱的分离情况令人满意。     

The effects of dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a randomized, double blind trial

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) on disease variables in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. DESIGN: Multicenter, randomized, placebo controlled, double blind. SETTING: Three Danish hospital Departments of Rheumatology. PATIENTS: Fifty-one patients with active rheumatoid arthritis. INTERVENTION: Random allocation to 12 weeks of treatment with either six n-3 PUFA capsules (3.6 g) or six capsules with fat composition as the average Danish diet. MAIN RESULTS: Significant improvement of morning stiffness and joint tenderness. No significant effect on the four other assessed clinical parameters. No serious side effects. CONCLUSIONS: Dietary supplementation with n-3 PUFA in patients with rheumatoid arthritis improved two out of six patient reported disease parameters. Further studies are needed to clarify the more precise role of n-3 PUFA in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.