外周血单个核细胞TLR3信号通路活化在重组乙型肝炎表面抗原免疫应答中的作用

目的探讨外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)Toll样受体3(TLR3)信号通路的活化在重组HBsAg(rHBsAg)免疫应答中的作用及机制。方法收集13名健康献血者外周血制备血液制品时滤除的白细胞, 分离培养PBMC后分别给予TLR3激动剂聚肌苷酸-聚胞苷酸(Poly I:C组)及PBS(对照组)处理, 48 h后收集部分细胞, 采用流式细胞术检测TLR3信号通路蛋白水平;在活化(Poly I:C组)/未活化(对照组)TLR3信号通路后, 采用rHBsAg处理两组PBMC 72 h, 采用流式细胞术检测PBMC中树突状细胞(DC)、T、B淋巴细胞及其亚群比例。采用配对t检验、配对资料的符号秩和检验和典型相关分析进行统计学分析。结果 Poly I:C组PBMC TLR3信号通路中TLR3蛋白阳性细胞百分比(19.21%)、TLR3蛋白表达量(8 983.95)、NF-κB蛋白的表达量(26 193.13)、磷酸化NF-κB(pNF-κB)蛋白阳性细胞百分比(13.73%)及其占NF-κB的比例(16.03%)、磷酸化IRF3(pIRF3)蛋白阳性细胞百分比(12.64%)及其占IRF3的比例(...     

北京市一起新型冠状病毒Omicron变异株聚集性疫情特征分析

目的 分析北京市海淀区一起新型冠状病毒肺炎聚集性疫情流行病学特征及传播链。方法 采用描述性流行病学方法分析疫情流行病学特征,应用现场调查和大数据技术分析传播链。结果 2022年4月27日至5月13日, 海淀区发生一起新型冠状病毒肺炎聚集性疫情,全基因组测序系Omicron变异株（BA.2.2进化分支）;涉及感染者38例,确诊病例34例,无症状感染者4例;临床分型以轻型（88.2%）为主,无重型、危重型和死亡病例;早期临床症状以咽部不适（50.0%）、咳嗽（29.4%）为主;17 d内传播7代,涉及3起社区聚集、2起单位聚集和8个家庭内传播;暴露方式以同住（47.6%）、同时空暴露（31.6%）为主;代间距M（Q₁,Q₃）为3（1,6）d;总续发率为1.5%（37/2 482）,其中家庭续发率为36.7%（18/49）。结论 本起Omicron变异株疫情临床症状轻,家庭、社区聚集性明显,疫情传播速度较快,同时空暴露感染风险较高,需利用信息化技术全面摸排密切接触者,以快制快,有效阻断疫情传播。     

永久性结肠造口患者造口影响状况及其影响因素分析

目的调查永久性结肠造口对患者生活影响的状况并分析其影响因素。方法采用一般资料调查问卷以及造口影响评分对218例永久性结肠造口患者进行问卷调查。结果218例永久性结肠造口患者中54.6%认为永久性结肠造口对其生活的影响大,其中对患者影响最大的是造口异味以及造口袋渗漏。多因素回归分析结果显示年龄(OR=1.137,P<0.001)、每日清理造口次数(OR=1.438,P=0.015)、术后时间(OR=0.789,P<0.001)以及是否与造口护士有规律联系(OR=0.098,P=0.002)为造口影响评分的影响因素。结论永久性结肠造口对患者生活影响较大,医护人员应在临床对老年患者予以更多关注,帮助患者形成规律的排便习惯,加强出院后患者的延续性护理服务并为患者提供专业支持,从而减少造口影响,提高患者的生活质量。     

原发性肝细胞癌微血管侵犯的术前预测模型构建及临床意义

目的构建原发性肝细胞癌(HCC)微血管侵犯(MVI)的术前预测模型并验证其准确性。方法回顾性分析2017年1月至2019年6月行肝切除术的160例HCC患者的临床病理资料,观察患者MVI情况。采用SPSS20.0软件对数据进行处理分析,计数资料采用χ^2检验;计量资料采用t检验;采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析影响MVI的独立危险因素,并构建HCC患者MVI的术前预测模型,通过描绘受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)并计算曲线下面积(AUC)从而来评估模型的预测能力,并以术后病理诊断结果为金标准对预测模型进行验证。结果在160例患者中,有MVI者86例,无MVI者74例。对单因素分析有统计学意义的资料进行Logistic多因素分析,结果显示:肿瘤直径、瘤周低回声晕环、甲胎蛋白(AFP)水平、血小板与淋巴细胞比值(PLR)水平、循环肿瘤DNA(ctDNA)浓度是HCC的MVI独立危险因素。根据Logistic回归分析各变量的回归系数构建预测模型,通过绘制ROC曲线,计算出AUC值为0.914(95%CI 0.820~0.962),当最佳临界值为0.069时对HCC患者MVI具有预测价值,灵敏度为86.5%,特异度为87.9%,约登指数为0.74。以术后病理诊断为金标准,验证预测模型,灵敏度为88.4%,特异度为93.2%,两者灵敏度和特异度无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论基于Logistic多因素回归分析建立预测模型具有较高的灵敏度和特异性,对HCC微血管侵犯的患者具有较高的预测价值,可为HCC患者的术前治疗方案、手术规划提供参考。     

Safety and feasibility of single-incision laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal inguinal hernia repair: a retrospective comparative analysis of 163 patients

European Surgery - To analyze the benefit and feasibility of single-incisional laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal (SIL&nbsp;TEP) repair compared with those of conventional laparoscopic TEP...     

Leg-length discrepancy and associated risk factors after paediatric femur shaft fracture: a multicentre study

PurposeThis study was performed to investigate leg-length discrepancy (LLD) and associated risk factors after paediatric femur shaft fractures.MethodsA total of 72 consecutive patients under 13 years old (mean age 6.7 years; 48 boys, 24 girls) with unilateral femur shaft fracture, and a minimum follow-up of 18 months, were included. The amount of LLD was calculated by subtracting the length of the uninjured from that of the injured limb. Risk factors for an LLD ≥ 1 cm and ≥ 2 cm were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression analysis.ResultsHip spica casting, titanium elastic nailing and plating were performed on 22, 40 and ten patients, respectively. The mean LLD was 7.8 mm (sd 8.8) and 29 (40.3%) had a LLD of ≥ 1 cm, while nine (12.5%) had a LLD of ≥ 2 cm. There were significant differences in fracture stability (p = 0.005) and treatment methods (p = 0.011) between patients with LLD < 1 cm and ≥ 1 cm. There were significant differences in fracture site shortening (p < 0.001) and LLD (p < 0.001) between patients with length-stable and length-unstable fractures. Fracture stability was the only factor associated with LLD ≥ 1 cm (odds ratio of 4.0; p = 0.020) in the multivariable analysis.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that fracture stability was significantly associated with LLD after paediatric femur shaft fractures. Therefore, the surgeon should consider the possibility of LLD after length-stable femur shaft fracture in children.Level of EvidencePrognostic level III     

Exciting Performance of Plasma Fibrinogen in Periprosthetic Joint Infection Diagnosis

ObjectiveTo test the significance of serum C‐reactive protein (CRP), the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), the platelet count/mean platelet volume ratio (PC/MPV), plasma fibrinogen, and D‐Dimer in periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) diagnosis.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 149 patients diagnosed from July 2016 to December 2019 with primary osteoarthritis (OA group, average age 63.18 years [range, 53–82 years] 18 males, 46 females), PJI (PJI group, average age 63.74 years [range, 52–81 years], 16 males, 31 females), and aseptic loosening (aseptic group, average age 63.18 years [range, 53–80 years], 12 male, 26 female) in our department. Demographic data and the sensitivity and specificity of preoperative CRP, ESR, PC/MPV, fibrinogen, and D‐Dimer in PJI diagnosis were compared.ResultsThere were no significant differences when the demographic data of the three groups were compared. The expression level of CRP (50.67 ± 58.98 mg/L), ESR (50.55 ± 25.81 mm/h), PC/MPV (35.79 ± 18.00), and fibrinogen (4.85 ± 1.33 μg/mL) in the PJI group were higher than in the OA group (CRP: 4.09 ± 9.68 mg/L; ESR:13.44 ± 9.32 mm/1 h; PC/MPV: 24.97 ± 7.58; fibrinogen: 3.09 ± 0.55 μg/mL) and the aseptic group (CRP: 7.01 ± 11.83 mg/L; ESR: 22.47 ± 17.53 mm/1 h; PC/MPV: 25.18 ± 11.48; fibrinogen: 3.39 ± 0.80 μg/mL), respectively. The expression level of plasma D‐dimer (1.60 ± 1.29 mg/L) in the PJI group was higher than in the OA group (0.49 ± 0.42 mg/L) but similar to that in the aseptic group (1.21 ± 1.35 mg/L). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis demonstrated that the areas under the ROC curve (AUC) for CRP, ESR, PC/MPV, fibrinogen, and D‐dimer were 0.892 (95% confidence interval, 0.829–0.954), 0.888 (0.829–0.947), 0.686 (0.589–0.784), 0.873 (0.803–0.943), and 0.835 (0.772–0.899), respectively. When PC/MPV > 31.70, fibrinogen >4.01 μg/mL, and D‐dimer >1.17 mg/L were set as the threshold values for the diagnosis of PJI, the sensitivity of PC/MPV in PJI diagnosis was lower than that of ESR and plasma fibrinogen. In contrast, there was no significant difference when comparing the specificity of CRP, ESR, PC/MPV, fibrinogen, and D‐dimer in PJI diagnosis.ConclusionPlasma fibrinogen is a good new auxiliary diagnostic marker for PJI.