Simultaneous measurement of gallbladder emptying with cholescintigraphy and US during infusion of physiologic doses of cholecystokinin: a comparison

Both ultrasonography (US) and cholescintigraphy are used to study gallbladder dynamics. The present study was undertaken to determine whether the two methods provide the same or different information relating to gallbladder emptying. Emptying was simultaneously studied with both methods during infusion of graded physiologic doses of cholecystokinin (CCK) in six healthy subjects. Infusion of stepwise increasing doses of CCK, ranging from 0.03 to 0.5 Ivy dog units per kilogram of body weight per hour (IDU/kg.h), induced significant dose-related increases in plasma CCK, decreases in gallbladder volume assessed with US, and gallbladder emptying assessed with cholescintigraphy. The threshold dose for inducing significant gallbladder emptying was 0.13 IDU/kg.h, as determined with both techniques, indicating similar detection limits. There was a highly significant correlation between decreases in gallbladder volume and decreases in radioactive counts over the gallbladder region, with a tendency toward greater gallbladder responses at sonography during the early phase of gallbladder contraction and toward greater responses at cholescintigraphy during the later phase of gallbladder contraction. It is concluded that these methods can be used interchangeably for the quantitation of gallbladder emptying.     

Major motor atrophic patterns in the face and neck: CT evaluation

Cranial nerve deficits from various pathologic processes of the head and neck may result in characteristic patterns of denervation muscular atrophy. Such atrophic patterns may be clues to the location and extent of the lesion, particularly when cranial nerves are involved early in the course of the disease process. Thirty-six patients with computed tomographic (CT) evidence of muscular atrophy secondary to pathologic conditions involving the motor division of cranial nerves were examined. Five characteristic denervation muscular atrophy patterns seen on CT scans were identified. In several patients, identification of the muscular atrophy pattern was the only clue to the presence of a pathologic condition. Recognition of these atrophic patterns can prevent misinterpretation of their CT appearance and direct the CT examination to the course of the compromised cranial nerve from the brainstem to its peripheral innervation.     

The role of fallopian tube anastomosis in training fellows: a survey of current reproductive endocrinology fellows and practitioners

This survey of fellows and reproductive endocrinologists in practice suggests that decreasing numbers of tubal reanastomosis procedures are being performed. This change has occurred both in fellow training and in the clinical practice of reproductive endocrinologists.     

脐部给药的多塞平栓研制及应用

目的：研制透皮制剂多塞平栓,考察其治疗各型急、慢性荨麻疹的临床疗效。方法：多塞平以甘油明胶为质,氮酮为促透剂,制成栓剂,经脐部给药,观察５０个病例,与口服多塞平片作对照,观察临床疗效。结果：多塞平栓治疗各型急、慢性荨麻疹,总有效率为９４．０％,经统计学分析,Ｐ〈０．０５,差异具显著性。结论：本品制备工艺可行,疗效确切,用药剂量小,无副作用,具有进一步研究、开发的价值。     

Methods of early detection： would clinical breastexamination and breast ultrasonography be a good alternative to mammography？

Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths among women[1].In the past 40 years,breast cancer incidence has doubled or even tripled in developed countries such as South Korea and Japan; whereas it is about 20% to 30% in China and India in the past decade[2-4]. An increasing incidence rate of 3%     

基于非均匀有理B样条的女性盆腔三维数字化模型的构建

目的 建立基于中国数字化可视人体的非均匀有理B样条(Non-Uniform Rational B.Spline,NURBS)三维盆腔模型.方法 选取中国可视化人体数据集的盆腔部分,应用Photoshop分割出各盆腔结构后并获取各结构的轮廓线,基于盆腔结构的表面轮廓线应用Isosurf软件生成三角化表面网格,然后将其输入犀牛(Rhinoceros)软件,进行控制参数设定与NURBS曲面重建.结果 对盆腔中膀胱、直肠、子宫、卵巢、血管、阴道、输尿管、股骨、尿道等主要结构进行了分割,并构建了NURBS女性盆腔三维数字化模型,所建立的模型几何外型逼真,整体清晰,实体感强.结论 本研究实现了对女性盆腔主要结构的NURBS曲面建模,所获取的数字化模型可为解剖教学、手术仿真以及运动医学等提供科研教学平台.     

Comparison of structured observation and pictorial 24 h recall of household activities to measure the prevalence of handwashing with soap in the community

This study compared structured observation with a 24 h pictorial recall of household activities (‘sticker diary’) to measure the prevalence of handwashing with soap (HWWS) in the community. The study was done within a cluster-randomised trial evaluating a handwashing promotion programme in Bihar, India. HWWS at key occasions in mothers and school children was measured by structured observation in 299 households from 32 villages. Sticker diaries recalling common activities, including personal hygiene, were used to measure HWWS in 299 households from a further 20 villages. Sticker diary HWWS prevalence estimates were about 13% points higher than structured observation estimates, but the differences varied by the type of handwashing occasion. This study confirms structured observation as the method of choice for the study of handwashing behaviours. The sticker diary method may be useful in large-scale surveys. Sticker diaries may overestimate HWWS at important occasions, but probably less so than conventional questionnaire tools.     

A laparoscopic method for excision of large retroperitoneal paraovarian cysts

Large retroperitoneal paraovarian cysts often present in reproductive-age women as an adnexal mass, with the appearance of a simple cyst on ultrasound. This report describes a laparoscopic method for removal of large paraovarian retroperitoneal cysts. Use of this technique permits successful removal of these cysts while avoiding laparotomy.     

N-(6,6-二甲基-2-庚烯-4-炔基)-N-甲基-α-取代-1-(4-取代)萘甲胺类的合成及抗真菌活性

根据氮唑类和烯丙胺类抗真菌化合物的构效关系、作用机理。设计合成了30个N-(6,6-二甲基-2-庚烯-4-炔基)-N-甲基-α-取代-1-(4-取代)萘甲胺类化合物。初步体外抑菌试验结果表明,大多数目标化合物对八种试验菌株都有不同程度的抗真菌活性。化合物Ⅰ_1a的真菌活性大致与克霉唑相当,对白念珠菌的活性明显高于naftifine和terbinafine,但对其它七种菌株的活性均不及naftifine和terbinafine;化合物Ⅲ_1a对八种试验菌株的活性均与terbinafine相当。