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Differential impairments underlying decision making in anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa: A cognitive modeling analysis 下载免费PDF全文
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Scott Nugent Sebastien Tremblay Kewei W. Chen Napatkamon Ayutyanont Auttawut Roontiva Christian-Alexandre Castellano Melanie Fortier Maggie Roy Alexandre Courchesne-Loyer Christian Bocti Martin Lepage Eric Turcotte Tamas Fulop Eric M. Reiman Stephen C. Cunnane 《Neurobiology of aging》2014
The extent to which the age-related decline in regional brain glucose uptake also applies to other important brain fuels is presently unknown. Ketones are the brain's major alternative fuel to glucose, so we developed a dual tracer positron emission tomography protocol to quantify and compare regional cerebral metabolic rates for glucose and the ketone, acetoacetate. Twenty healthy young adults (mean age, 26 years) and 24 healthy older adults (mean age, 74 years) were studied. In comparison with younger adults, older adults had 8 ± 6% (mean ± SD) lower cerebral metabolic rates for glucose in gray matter as a whole (p = 0.035), specifically in several frontal, temporal, and subcortical regions, as well as in the cingulate and insula (p ≤ 0.01, false discovery rate correction). The effect of age on cerebral metabolic rates for acetoacetate in gray matter did not reach significance (p = 0.11). Rate constants (min−1) of glucose (Kg) and acetoacetate (Ka) were significantly lower (−11 ± 6%; [p = 0.005], and −19 ± 5%; [p = 0.006], respectively) in older adults compared with younger adults. There were differential effects of age on Kg and Ka as seen by significant interaction effects in the caudate (p = 0.030) and post-central gyrus (p = 0.023). The acetoacetate index, which expresses the scaled residuals of the voxel-wise linear regression of glucose on ketone uptake, identifies regions taking up higher or lower amounts of acetoacetate relative to glucose. The acetoacetate index was higher in the caudate of young adults when compared with older adults (p ≤ 0.05 false discovery rate correction). This study provides new information about glucose and ketone metabolism in the human brain and a comparison of the extent to which their regional use changes during normal aging. 相似文献
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Antoine Néel Benoit Henry Sebastien Barbarot Agathe Masseau François Perrin Claire Bernier Xavier Kyndt Xavier Puechal Pierre-Jean Weiller Olivier Decaux Jacques Ninet Arnaud Hot Achille Aouba Leonardo Astudillo Jean-Marie Berthelot Fabrice Bonnet Jean-Marie Brisseau Bérangère Cador Fabienne Closs-Prophette Thomas Dejoie Jean-Dominique de Korwin Robin Dhote Renato Fior Bernard Grosbois Eric Hachulla Pierre-Yves Hatron Henry Jardel David Launay Adrien Lorleac'h Pierre Pottier Guillaume Moulis Jacques Serratrice Amar Smail Mohamed Hamidou 《Autoimmunity reviews》2014,13(10):1035-1041
The aim of this study is to assess the long-term effectiveness and safety of IL1Ra in Schnitzler syndrome (SchS). Between 2010 and 2012, we performed a nationwide survey among French internal medicine departments to identify SchS patients. We retrospectively analyzed the long-term efficacy and safety of IL1Ra and the outcome of patients that did not receive this treatment. Forty-two patients were included in the study, 29 of whom received IL1Ra. The mean age at disease onset was 59.9 years. Disease manifestations included urticaria (100%), fever (76%), bone/joint pain (86%), bone lesions (76%), anemia (67%), and weight loss (60%). The monoclonal gammopathy was overwhelmingly IgM kappa (83%). The mean follow-up was 9.5 years (range: 1.6-35). Two patients developed Waldenström's macroglobulinemia and one developed AA amyloidosis. All of the 29 patients who received IL1Ra responded dramatically. After a median follow-up of 36 months (range: 2-79), the effectiveness remained unchanged. All patients remained on anti-IL-1 therapy. Twenty-four patients (83%) went into complete remission and five (17%) into partial remission. Three patients experienced grade 3-4 neutropenia. Six patients developed severe infections. No lymphoproliferative diseases occurred while on IL1Ra. When last seen, all patients without anakinra had an active disease with variable impact on their quality of life. Their median corticosteroids dosage was 6 mg/d (range: 5-25). IL1Ra is effective in SchS, with a sharp corticosteroid-sparing effect. Treatment failures should lead to reconsider the diagnosis. Long-term follow-up revealed no loss of effectiveness and a favorable tolerance profile. The long-term effects on the risk of hemopathy remain unknown. 相似文献
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Raphael L. C. Araujo MD PhD Raphael O. Silva MD Cristiano de Pádua Souza MD PhD Jean M. Milani MD Florence Huguet MD PhD Ana C. Rezende MD MSc Sebastien Gaujoux MD PhD 《Journal of surgical oncology》2020,121(5):881-892
Neoadjuvant treatment (NT) for pancreatic head cancer may allow some patients to undergo curative resection, but its impact on postoperative complications remains unclear. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to compare overall postoperative morbidity, pancreatic fistula, and mortality between patients who underwent upfront surgery and those who underwent neoadjuvant therapy first. Forty-five studies with 3359 patients were included. No significant differences in morbidity and mortality rates associated with NT for pancreatic head cancer were detected in this study. 相似文献
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JanssensdeVarebeke Sebastien Topsakal Vedat Van Camp Guy Van Rompaey Vincent 《European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology》2019,276(5):1251-1262
European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - The Pro51Ser (P51S) COCH mutation is characterized by a late-onset bilateral sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and progressive vestibular deterioration.... 相似文献
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Nadia Stefanova Monika Hainzer Sylvia Stemberger Sebastien Couillard-Desprs Ludwig Aigner Werner Poewe Gregor K. Wenning 《Experimental neurology》2009,219(1):368-371
Multiple system atrophy (MSA), a fatal neurodegenerative disorder, is the second most common cause of parkinsonism and frequently associated with autonomic failure. Previous work from our laboratory has shown that striatal grafts survive and exert functional effects in toxin-induced rodent models of MSA-P, the parkinson variant characterized by levodopa resistance due to loss of striatal medium-sized spiny neurons. It is unknown whether oligodendroglial α-synuclein signature lesions affect graft survival in MSA. Recent reports on neurotransplantation in Parkinson's disease patients suggest a possible host-to-graft disease propagation of α-synuclein pathology which may be relevant to transplantation in MSA as well. We here demonstrate that embryonic E14 striatal allografts show reduced p-zone volume and dopaminergic graft re-innervation accompanied by increased gliosis in a transgenic MSA mouse model featuring α-synuclein oligodendrogliopathy. Oligodendrocytes expressing host-specific α-synuclein migrate into the graft tissue after 3 months of survival. Our data suggest that the presence of MSA-like α-synuclein oligodendrogliopathy and related to it pro-inflammatory microenvironment may compromise the connectivity and neurorestorative outcome of striatal grafts. 相似文献
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