Clinical features and treatment outcomes of limited-stage mantle cell lymphoma: Consortium for Improving Survival of Lymphoma report

Annals of Hematology - Limited-stage (Ann Arbor stage I or II) mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an extremely rare disease. Thus, there is little data on the clinical features and treatment outcomes of...     

Involvement of Transglutaminase-2 in α-MSH-Induced Melanogenesis in SK-MEL-2 Human Melanoma Cells

Skin hyperpigmentation is one of the most common skin disorders caused by abnormal melanogenesis. The mechanism and key factors at play are not fully understood. Previous reports have indicated that cystamine (CTM) inhibits melanin synthesis, though its molecular mechanism in melanogenesis remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the effect of CTM on melanin production using ELISA reader and the expression of proteins involved in melanogenesis by Western blotting, and examined the involvement of transglutaminase-2 (Tgase-2) in SK-MEL-2 human melanoma cells by gene silencing. In the results, CTM dose-dependently suppressed melanin production and dendrite extension in α-MSH-induced melanogenesis of SK-MEL-2 human melanoma cells. CTM also suppressed α-MSH-induced chemotactic migration as well as the expressions of melanogenesis factors TRP-1, TRP-2 and MITF in α-MSH-treated SK-MEL-2 cells. Meanwhile, gene silencing of Tgase-2 suppressed dendrite extension and the expressions of TRP-1 and TRP-2 in α-MSH-treated SK-MEL-2 cells. Overall, these findings suggested that CTM suppresses α-MSH-induced melanogenesis via Tgase-2 inhibition and that therefore, Tgase-2 might be a new target in hyperpigmentation disorder therapy.     

Advanced glycation end-products and receptor for advanced glycation end-products expression in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and NSIP

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are associated with the pathogenesis of various diseases. AGEs induce excess accumulation of extracellular matrix and expression of profibrotic cytokines. In addition, studies on receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) have shown that the ligand-RAGE interaction activates several intracellular signaling cascades associated with several fibrotic diseases. We investigated the expression of AGEs and RAGE in samples from patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and non-specific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP). Lung tissues and plasma samples from patients with IPF (n=10), NSIP (n=10), and control subjects (n=10) were obtained. Expression of AGEs and RAGE was determined by immunofluorescence assay of lung tissue. Circulating AGEs were measured by Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Lungs with IPF showed strong expression for both AGEs and RAGE compared to that in NSIP and controls. However, no difference in AGE or RAGE expression was observed in lungs with NSIP compared to that in the controls. Levels of circulating AGEs also increased significantly in lungs of patients with IPF compared to those with NSIP and normal control. Increased AGE-RAGE interaction may play an important role in the pathogenesis of IPF.     

Allopurinol-induced DRESS syndrome mimicking biliary obstruction

An 84-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with fever, jaundice, and itching. He had been diagnosed previously with chronic renal failure and diabetes, and had been taking allopurinol medication for 2 months. A physical examination revealed that he had a fever (38.8℃), jaundice, and a generalized maculopapular rash. Azotemia, eosinophilia, atypical lymphocytosis, elevation of liver enzymes, and hyperbilirubinemia were detected by blood analysis. Magnetic resonance cholangiography revealed multiple cysts similar to choledochal cysts in the liver along the biliary tree. Obstructive jaundice was suspected clinically, and so an endoscopic ultrasound examination was performed, which ruled out a diagnosis of obstructive jaundice. The patient was diagnosed with DRESS (Drug Rash with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms) syndrome due to allopurinol. Allopurinol treatment was stopped and steroid treatment was started. The patient died from cardiac arrest on day 15 following admission.     

Primary migration of a mini-implant under a functional orthodontic loading

Objectives

The objective of this study was to examine whether cortical bone thickness and bone mineral density (BMD) can explain the primary migration of a mini-implant under a functional orthodontic tangential loading at the early stage following implantation.

Materials and methods

Mini-implants were installed in human mandibular sections. A constant tangential load (2 N) was applied to the mini-implant under hydration. Creep, which is a time-dependent viscoelastic displacement in the bone surrounding the mini-implant, was assessed as the change in displacement during 2 h of loading. The total migration was measured as a maximum displacement that combined an initial elastic displacement and creep. After removal of the mini-implant, all specimens were scanned together by cone beam computed tomography. Cortical bone thickness and BMD were measured for the bone voxels surrounding the implant site.

Results

BMD had significant correlations with the displacement parameters (p?<?0.019), but the cortical bone thickness did not (p?>?0.272). Permanent bone deformation adjacent to the implant was observed to be resulting from substantial creep development under the orthodontic functional loading level.

Conclusions

BMD controls the primary migration of the mini-implant system in mandibular bone. Viscoelastic creep can develop at a small constant functional loading level, leading to migration of the mini-implant.

Clinical relevance

The current results indicated that mini-implant migration can develop under the small level of functional orthodontic load used in clinic. If the active bone remodeling around the mini-implant accelerates the migration, the risk of causing damage in vital organs next to the mini-implant increases.     

Effect of surface properties of TiO2 on the performance of Pt/TiO2 catalysts for furfural hydrogenation

Hydrogenation of biomass-derived furfural is an important process in biofuel production. Herein, different Pt-supported TiO₂ morphologies: nanorod (NR), nanoparticle (NP), and hollow microsphere (HMS) were prepared by the impregnation–chemical reduction method. The furfural conversion increased with an increase of Pt dispersion. However, cyclopentanone selectivity was affected by TiO₂ properties, the strong metal–support interaction (SMSI) effect, and the reaction conditions. The Pt/TiO₂ NR catalyst exhibited the highest cyclopentanone selectivity of 50.4%. Based on the H₂-temperature programmed desorption (H₂-TPD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results, the Pt/TiO₂ NR catalyst showed a SMSI effect, which was introduced by the chemical reduction method. We suggest that electron charge transfer from Ti species to Pt in the Pt/TiO₂ NR catalyst affects the cyclopentanone selectivity by controlling the adsorption strength between the reactant and the Pt surface, thus retarding the formation of byproducts.

Hydrogenation of biomass-derived furfural is an important process in biofuel production.     

Impact of oral carbohydrate consumption prior to cesarean delivery on preoperative well-being: a randomized interventional study

Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics - Oral carbohydrate consumption before surgery improves insulin sensitivity, cardiac output and well-being, and shortens hospital stays without adverse...     

A Review of Flow Characterization of Metallic Materials in the Cold Forming Temperature Range and Its Major Issues

We focus on the importance of accurately describing the flow behaviors of metallic materials to be cold formed; we refer to several valuable examples. We review the typical experimental methods by which flow curves are obtained, in addition to several combined experimental-numerical methods. The characteristics of four fundamental flow models including the Ludwik, Voce, Hollomon, and Swift models are explored in detail. We classify all flow models in the literature into three groups, including the Ludwik and Voce families, and blends thereof. We review the experimental and numerical methods used to optimize the flow curves. Representative flow models are compared via tensile testing, with a focus on the necking point and pre- or post-necking strain hardening. Several closed-form function models employed for the non-isothermal analyses of cold metal forming are also examined. The traditional bilinear C-m model and derivatives thereof are used to describe the complicated flow behaviors of metallic materials at cold forming temperatures, particularly in terms of their applications to metal forming simulations and process optimization.     

A comparative study of a nerve block therapy with and without a deeply inserted acupotomy applied to hyeopcheok points for lumbosacral radiculopathy: Safety,effectiveness, cost-effectiveness (a randomized controlled,two-arm,parallel study,pilot study,assessor-blind)

Introduction:The prevalence of lumbosacral radiculopathy is estimated to be approximately 3% to 5% in patient populations. Lumbosacral radiculopathy is largely caused by a complex interaction between biomechanical and biochemical factors. Nerve block therapy (NBT) mainly treats lumbosacral radiculopathy by improving the biochemical factors, whereas acupotomy mainly focuses on improving the biomechanical factors. Therefore, it is thought that synergistic effects may be obtained for the treatment of lumbosacral radiculopathy when both NBT and acupotomy are combined. However, no study in China and Korea, where acupotomy is majorly provided, has reported the effects of such a combination treatment. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the safety, effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness of the concurrent use of a deeply inserted acupotomy and NBT for the treatment of lumbosacral radiculopathy.Methods/design:This is an open-label, parallel, assessor-blinded, randomized controlled trial, which will include 50 patients with lumbosacral radiculopathy. After patients voluntarily agree to participate in the study, they will be screened, and will undergo necessary examinations and tests according to the protocol. Those who satisfy the selection criteria will be randomly assigned to either the NBT + acupotomy or NBT groups in a 1:1 ratio. Both groups will undergo 2 NBTs once every 2 weeks from 1 week after the screening test. The treatment group will receive additional acupotomy twice a week for 4 weeks. The primary endpoint is the Oswestry Disability Index, whereas the secondary endpoints are the Numeral Rating Scale, European Quality of Life 5-dimension, McGill pain Questionnaire, Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire, safety assessment, and economic feasibility evaluation. The measurements will be made at 0, 2, 4, and 8 weeks.Ethics and dissemination:This trial has received complete ethical approval from the Ethics Committee of Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary''s Hospital (IS20OISE0085). We intend to submit the results of the trial to a peer-reviewed journal and/or conferences.