重齿毛当归(独活)中异当归醇、毛当归醇及其它香豆素的分离与鉴定

Nine coumarins were isolated from dichloromethane extract of the roots of Angelica pubescens Maxim. Seven of them were identified as osthol (Ⅰ), columbianetin acetate (Ⅱ), columbianetin (Ⅲ), bergapten (Ⅳ), angelol (Ⅴ),xanthotoxin (Ⅵ) and isoimperatorin (Ⅶ). (Ⅵ) and (Ⅶ) were isolated for the first time from this plant. Two new coumarins were elucidated as isoangelol (Ⅷ), a geometric isomer of angelol C₂₀H₂₄O₇ [α]_D²⁰-133.5 and anpubesol C₂₀H₂₆O₇ [α]_D²⁰ -72.5 on the basis of spectral evidences.     

Relationship between Myopia and Optical Components - A Study among Chinese Hong Kong Student Population

Purpose: To establish the prevalence and severity of myopia among the Chinese Hong Kong students and to study the relationship between myopia and optical components.Methods;One thousand and seventy-five freshmen of the 1993-1994 academic year in the Chinese University of Hong Kong underwent the eye examination including evaluation of refractive error, keratometry, and A-scan ultrasonic biometry. The data were analyzed with the SPSS/PC 4. 01 statistical package. Results: The prevalence of myopia was 91. 7% with the mean refraction being -4. 00 ± 2. 64D in this young adult population. The statistical analyses demonstrated a significant correlation between refractive value and axial length of the globe (r=-0. 78), vitreous length (r=-0. 76), anterior chamber depth (r=-0. 33), lens thickness (r = 0. 13) and corneal curvature (r = 0. 19). Conclusion: The refractive status is mainly dependent on the axial length. In general, the higher the myopia was, the longer the eyeball, the deeper the anterior chamber,     

Skin and Psyche : Diversionary Symbiosis

A significant proportion of patients with skin diseases have associated psychosocial factors. Not only does psychopathology manifest on the skin in absence of any real skin disease, primary skin disorders can also be exacerbated by emotional stress adversely influencing the homeostasis of immunological and inflammatory processes in deeper layers of the skin. Furthermore, many patients develop emotional problems as a result of having disfiguring skin diseases. In addition, some patients having solely sensory disturbances in absence of primary dermatoses or identifiable medical or neurological conditions, as well as some purely dermatologic conditions such as post-herpetic neuralgia may preferentially need psychotherapeutic modalities to address their underlying psychopathology irrespective of the presenting dermatologic manifestation arising out of ‘somatisation’ of a psychopathology into physical problems. The most obvious course of action of referral to a psychiatrist or another mental health professional may unfortunately not be readily tenable either due to the perceived stigma associated with psychiatric illness or lack of insight on the part of patients. In the interregnum, effective management of the psychologic or/and psychiatric problems can only be done by the dermatologist provided he has an adequate knowledge base and experience to undertake psychotherapeutic modalities.Key Words: Denial, Psychodermatoses, Psychopathology, Psychopharmacotherapy, Somatisation     

Artifical Blood

Elimination of unwanted side-effects, especially transfusion-transmitted diseases (HIV and hepatitis) and leucocyte-mediated allosensitisation, is an important goal of modern transfusion medicine. The problems and high cost factor involved in collecting and storing human blood and the pending world-wide shortages are the other driving forces contributing towards the development of blood substitutes. Two major areas of research in this endeavour are haemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HBOCs) and perfluorochemicals. Even though they do not qualify as perfect red blood cell substitutes, these ‘oxygen carrying solutions’ have many potential clinical and non clinical usages. These can reach tissues more easily than normal red cells and can deliver oxygen directly. These are not without adverse effects, and extensive clinical trials are being conducted to test their safety and efficacy. New understandings on the mode of action of these products will help to define their utility and application. Only after successful clinical trials can they be used for patient management, after approval by the FDA.Key Words: Blood substitute, Haemoglobin solutions, Perfluorocarbons     

Targeting VEGFR1- and VEGFR2-expressing non-tumor cells is essential for esophageal cancer therapy

Increasing appreciation of tumor heterogeneity and the tumor-host interaction has stimulated interest in developing novel therapies that target both tumor cells and tumor microenvironment. Bone marrow derived cells (BMDCs) constitute important components of the tumor microenvironment. In this study, we aim to investigate the significance of VEGFR1- and VEGFR2-expressing non-tumor cells, including BMDCs, in esophageal cancer (EC) progression and in VEGFR1/VEGFR2-targeted therapies. Here we report that VEGFR1 or VEGFR2 blockade can significantly attenuate VEGF-induced Src and Erk signaling, as well as the proliferation and migration of VEGFR1⁺ and VEGFR2⁺ bone marrow cells and their pro-invasive effect on cancer cells. Importantly, our in vivo data show for the first time that systemic blockade of VEGFR1⁺ or VEGFR2⁺ non-tumor cells with neutralizing antibodies is sufficient to significantly suppress esophageal tumor growth, angiogenesis and metastasis in mice. Moreover, our tissue microarray study of human EC clinical specimens showed the clinicopathological significance of VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 in EC, which suggest that anti-VEGFR1/VEGFR2 therapies may be particularly beneficial for patients with aggressive EC. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the important contributions of VEGFR1⁺ and VEGFR2⁺ non-tumor cells in esophageal cancer progression, and substantiates the validity of these receptors as therapeutic targets for this deadly disease.     

用"代际-脑-经验模型"理解边缘性人格障碍的病理机制

边缘性人格障碍（Borderline personality disorder,BPD）在西方是一种常见的人格障碍,而在中国大陆没有进入CCMD诊断系统,因此缺乏相应的研究.本文将对BPD的临床现象学内容进行回顾和澄清,并在国外有关研究BPD的脑神经科学、神经生化学和发展心理病理学研究进展的基础上,建立了“代际-脑-经验模型”（Intergenera-tional Brain-and-Experience Model, IBEM）,并以之为线索探讨BPD的病理机制,以期深入理解BPD作为一种人格障碍的独特性,最后对在我国大陆开展BPD的研究方向进行了探讨.     

Strategy for urinary protein analysis

SUMMARY: Recent studies have highlighted the intrinsic toxicity of filtered proteins and their contribution to deterioration of renal function. In-depth analysis of proteinuria may assess the degree of glomerular and/or tubular involvement and help in the prognostication of an individual patient. One should consider not only the quantity but also the quality of the urinary protein. Apart from quantitating the total urinary protein, assessment of the quality of the protein may be achieved by performing sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) for an overview assessment follow by automated nephelometry or simple radial immunodiffusion measurement of specific proteins for calculating the selectivity index and detecting tubular dysfunction.