全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2349771篇 |
免费 | 171611篇 |
国内免费 | 3331篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 32049篇 |
儿科学 | 75892篇 |
妇产科学 | 62685篇 |
基础医学 | 348168篇 |
口腔科学 | 63633篇 |
临床医学 | 211344篇 |
内科学 | 457275篇 |
皮肤病学 | 51727篇 |
神经病学 | 185270篇 |
特种医学 | 88007篇 |
外国民族医学 | 489篇 |
外科学 | 353855篇 |
综合类 | 47509篇 |
现状与发展 | 12篇 |
一般理论 | 848篇 |
预防医学 | 182728篇 |
眼科学 | 54326篇 |
药学 | 175102篇 |
11篇 | |
中国医学 | 4575篇 |
肿瘤学 | 129208篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 18983篇 |
2019年 | 19536篇 |
2018年 | 27059篇 |
2017年 | 20357篇 |
2016年 | 22745篇 |
2015年 | 25639篇 |
2014年 | 36094篇 |
2013年 | 53954篇 |
2012年 | 74674篇 |
2011年 | 79405篇 |
2010年 | 47055篇 |
2009年 | 44564篇 |
2008年 | 74607篇 |
2007年 | 79476篇 |
2006年 | 80295篇 |
2005年 | 77778篇 |
2004年 | 74365篇 |
2003年 | 71689篇 |
2002年 | 69362篇 |
2001年 | 108739篇 |
2000年 | 111451篇 |
1999年 | 93494篇 |
1998年 | 26990篇 |
1997年 | 23658篇 |
1996年 | 24054篇 |
1995年 | 22715篇 |
1994年 | 20893篇 |
1993年 | 19712篇 |
1992年 | 72000篇 |
1991年 | 70069篇 |
1990年 | 68391篇 |
1989年 | 65663篇 |
1988年 | 60302篇 |
1987年 | 59125篇 |
1986年 | 55217篇 |
1985年 | 53004篇 |
1984年 | 39311篇 |
1983年 | 33396篇 |
1982年 | 19858篇 |
1979年 | 35866篇 |
1978年 | 25651篇 |
1977年 | 21230篇 |
1976年 | 20332篇 |
1975年 | 21816篇 |
1974年 | 26148篇 |
1973年 | 24802篇 |
1972年 | 23200篇 |
1971年 | 22037篇 |
1970年 | 20247篇 |
1969年 | 19315篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
991.
C. Olgart Höglund J. Axén C. Kemi S. Jernelöv J. Grunewald C. Müller-Suur Y. Smith R. Grönneberg A. Eklund P. Stierna M. Lekander 《Clinical and experimental allergy》2006,36(8):982-992
BACKGROUND: Stress can aggravate the allergic inflammation, but determinants of disturbed immune regulation are largely unknown. OBJECTIVE: To determine systemic immunological, local inflammatory and functional airway responses to stress in healthy and atopic individuals. METHODS: Forty-one undergraduate students, 22 with allergy of whom 16 had asthma, and 19 healthy controls, were studied in a low-stress period and in association with a large exam. Subjects completed questionnaires on stress and health behaviours, underwent lung function tests, bronchial methacholine challenge, measurements of exhaled nitric oxide and urine cortisol. Blood cells were phenotyped, and cytokines from mononuclear blood cells were analysed. RESULTS: Perceived stress and anxiety increased in both groups during the exam period while cortisol increased only in the atopy group. Cytokine production decreased broadly in response to stress in both groups, which was paralleled by an increase in the proportion of regulatory T cells (CD4(+)CD45RO(+)CD25(bright)). Interestingly, atopic individuals, but not controls, reacted with a decreased T-helper type 1/T-helper type 2 (Th1/Th2) ratio and a decrease in natural killer (NK) cell numbers in response to stress. In control subjects only, exhaled nitric oxide decreased and forced expiratory volume in one second increased during stress. CONCLUSION: Atopic and non-atopic subjects shared some immune changes in response to stress, such as a dramatic decline in cytokines and an increase in the number of regulatory T cells in peripheral blood. However, other stress-induced immune changes were unique to atopic individuals, such as a skewed Th1/Th2 ratio and reduced NK cell numbers, indicating that some pathogenic mechanisms in atopics may be more strongly affected by stress than others. 相似文献
992.
993.
Mahnaz Fatahzadeh Lida Radfar David A Sirois 《Quintessence international, dental digest》2006,37(10):777-787
Dental management of patients with autoimmune vesiculobullous disorders is complicated because of prominent involvement of oral mucosa, increased risk of oral disease, and difficulty in rendering dental care. Although these diseases are relatively uncommon, dental practitioners should be familiar with the oral sequelae of these conditions and their management. Pemphigus vulgaris, cicatricial pemphigoid, and epidermolysis bullosa represent the most common autoimmune oral vesiculobullous diseases. This case-illustrated review summarizes the pathogenesis, diagnostic features, and natural history of oral vesiculobullous disorders, placing an emphasis on the treatment and prevention of associated oral disease aimed at maintaining a healthy, functional dentition. 相似文献
994.
995.
Yubin Miao Said D Figueroa Darrell R Fisher Herbert A Moore Richard F Testa Timothy J Hoffman Thomas P Quinn 《Journal of nuclear medicine》2008,49(5):823-829
Peptide-targeted alpha-therapy with 7.4 MBq of (212)Pb-[1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid]-ReO-[Cys(3,4,10),d-Phe(7),Arg(11)]alpha-MSH(3-13) ((212)Pb-DOTA-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH) cured 45% of B16/F1 murine melanoma-bearing C57 mice in a 120-d study, highlighting its melanoma treatment potential. However, there is a need to develop an imaging surrogate for patient-specific dosimetry and to monitor the tumor response to (212)Pb-DOTA-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH therapy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of (203)Pb-DOTA-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH as a matched-pair SPECT agent for (212)Pb-DOTA-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH. METHODS: DOTA-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH was labeled with (203)Pb in 0.5 M NH(4)OAc buffer at pH 5.4. The internalization and efflux of (203)Pb-DOTA-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH were determined in B16/F1 melanoma cells. The pharmacokinetics of (203)Pb-DOTA-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH was examined in B16/F1 melanoma-bearing C57 mice. A micro-SPECT/CT study was performed with (203)Pb-DOTA-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH in a B16/F1 melanoma-bearing C57 mouse at 2 h after injection. RESULTS: (203)Pb-DOTA-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH was easily prepared in NH(4)OAc buffer and completely separated from the excess nonradiolabeled peptide by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). (203)Pb-DOTA-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH displayed fast internalization and extended retention in B16/F1 cells. Approximately 73% of (203)Pb-DOTA-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH activity internalized after a 20-min incubation at 25 degrees C. After incubation of the cells in culture medium for 20 min, 78% of internalized activity remained in the cells. (203)Pb-DOTA-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH exhibited a biodistribution pattern similar to that of (212)Pb-DOTA-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH in B16/F1 melanoma-bearing mice. (203)Pb-DOTA-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH exhibited a peak tumor uptake of 12.00+/-3.20 percentage injected dose per gram (%ID/g) at 1 h after injection. The tumor uptake gradually decreased to 3.43+/-1.12 %ID/g at 48 h after injection. (203)Pb-DOTA-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH exhibited a peak tumor-to-kidney uptake ratio of 1.53 at 2 h after injection. The absorbed doses to the tumor and kidneys were 4.32 and 4.35 Gy, respectively, per 37 MBq. Whole-body clearance of (203)Pb-DOTA-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH was fast, with approximately 89% of the injected activity cleared through the urinary system by 2 h after injection. (203)Pb showed 1.6-mm SPECT resolution, which was comparable to (99m)Tc. Melanoma lesions were visualized through SPECT/CT images of (203)Pb-DOTA-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH at 2 h after injection. CONCLUSION: (203)Pb-DOTA-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH exhibited favorable pharmacokinetic and tumor imaging properties, highlighting its potential as a matched-pair SPECT agent for (212)Pb-DOTA-Re(Arg(11))CCMSH melanoma treatment. 相似文献
996.
997.
998.
999.
1000.