伊木萨克片对糖尿病性ED大鼠阴茎组织中eNoS和nNoS的影响

目的 研究维药伊木萨克片对DM性ED大鼠阴茎海绵体组织中eNOS和nNOS蛋白表达水平的影响.方法 取雄性SD大鼠70只,从中随机取10只为正常对照组,余60只以链脲佐菌素诱导建立DM模型后,行阿朴吗啡阴茎勃起实验筛选DM性ED模型,发生ED者随机分为DM性ED组、伊木萨克片组、胰岛素组、伊木萨克片 胰岛素(联用)组,未成DM者为STZ组.各组给药6周后,采用免疫组化SP法检测各组大鼠阴茎组织中eNOS、nNOS含量.结果 DM性ED组大鼠阴茎组织中eNOS、nNOS蛋白表达水平显著低于正常对照组(P＜0.01);伊木萨克片组、胰岛素组及联用组大鼠阴茎组织中eNOS、nNOS蛋白表达水平均显著高于DM性ED组(P＜0.01),但伊木萨克片组与胰岛素组显著低于联用组(P＜0.01, P＜0.01;P＜0.05,P＜0.01);STZ组与正常对照组之间的差异则无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 维药伊木萨克片可以显著提高DM性ED大鼠阴茎组织中eNOS、nNOS蛋白表达水平,并提示在胰岛素控制血糖的基础上效果可能更佳.     

双侧髋部和前臂骨密度的比较及其与体重的关系

目的　探讨双侧髋部和前臂骨密度之间的差异及其与体重的关系。方法　采用双能X线骨密度仪测量 5 5例 16～ 73(5 2± 10 )岁健康志愿者双侧髋部和前臂的骨密度。结果　双侧髋部对应区域骨密度呈高度正相关 (r =0 947～ 0 981) ,右侧骨密度均值高于左侧 (P <0 0 1) ,不同区域骨密度的平均差异为 2 %～ 3% ;双侧前臂对应区域骨密度呈高度正相关 (r =0 948～ 0 977) ,除桡骨远端1/ 3段骨密度右侧高于左侧外 (P <0 0 1) ,其余区域骨密度左右侧无差别 ;髋部除Ward区骨密度与体重无相关外 (r =0 0 35 ,P >0 0 5 ) ,其余区域骨密度与体重呈正相关 (r =0 2 88～ 0 42 8,P <0 0 5 )。前臂所有区域骨密度与体重无相关性。结论　髋部和前臂骨密度双侧呈高度正相关 ;负重区骨骼的骨密度与体重呈正相关     

Parafalcine meningioma presenting with facial pain: evidence for cortical theory of pain?

Intracranial tumours causing facial pain are very rare. All previously reported tumours have been located in either the posterior or middle fossa. We present a unique case of a bilateral parasagittal meningioma located in the parietal-occipital cortex presenting with right-sided facial pain.     

Society for Ambulatory Anesthesia guidelines for the management of postoperative nausea and vomiting

The present guidelines were compiled by a multidisciplinary international panel of individuals with interest and expertise in postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) under the auspices of The Society of Ambulatory Anesthesia. The panel critically evaluated the current medical literature on PONV to provide an evidence-based reference tool for the management of adults and children who are undergoing surgery and are at increased risk for PONV. In brief, these guidelines identify risk factors for PONV in adults and children; recommend approaches for reducing baseline risks for PONV; identify the most effective antiemetic monotherapy and combination therapy regimens for PONV prophylaxis; recommend approaches for treatment of PONV when it occurs; and provide an algorithm for the management of individuals at increased risk for PONV.     

对诊断PADAM的游离睾酮指数的评估

目的 评价诊断中老年男子部分雄激素缺乏综合征（PADAM）的游离睾酮指数（FTI）.方法 对129例45岁以上健康男性的FTI进行年龄相关分析.以推算的游离睾酮（CFT）值为依据,对FTI进行有效性检验.结果 男子在中老年期FTI与增龄呈明显的负相关.FTI敏感性97.78%,特异性58.33%.结论 计算简单的FTI可用于PADAM病人的筛选和随访,尤其对70岁以上男子是血清FT较为有效的参数.     

Management of persistent post-dural puncture headache after repeated epidural blood patch

We report a case of persistent post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) in a patient despite two epidural blood patches (EBPs). Successful resolution of headache was achieved with a third EBP performed under computed tomography (CT) guidance. A 38-year-old female had a total abdominal hysterectomy under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia with no complications. After surgery, she developed a postural headache consistent with PDPH. The first EBP was performed by injecting autologous blood through the epidural catheter that was in situ. The second EBP was performed under fluoroscopy. The patient continued to have a persistent headache. A computed tomography (CT) myelogram demonstrated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak at L3-4 level. A "directed" CT-guided blood patch was then performed successfully with resolution of the headache.     

Induction of heme oxygenase-1 improves impaired intestinal transit after burn injury

BACKGROUND: Burn injury has been shown to impair intestinal transit. The induction of heme oxygenase (HO)-1, the rate-limiting enzyme in heme degradation, has been demonstrated to provide protection against various injuries. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the induction of HO-1 by hemin would improve impaired intestinal transit after burn injury. METHODS: Burn/sham rats were divided into 3 groups: saline solution, hemin (HO-1 inducer), and hemin plus tin protoporphyrin IX. Intestinal transit was measured with the use of phenol red and assessed with the geometric center. The gene and/or protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, interleukin (IL)-1beta, HO-1, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction and/or by Western blot analysis. RESULTS: Intestinal transit was delayed with burn injury and improved significantly with the induction of HO-1; burn injury significantly activated p38 MAPK and myeloperoxidase and increased gene and/or protein expression of iNOS, COX-2, IL-1beta, and HO-1. The administration of hemin led to a significant decrease in the activation of p38 MAPK and myeloperoxidase and the gene and/or protein expression of iNOS, COX-2, and IL-1beta. CONCLUSION: The induction of HO-1 improves burn-induced delayed intestinal transit. The beneficial effect of hemin treatment could be linked, at least in part, to the down-regulation of iNOS, COX-2, and IL-1beta expression, which suggests that the induction of HO-1 may provide an effective therapeutic measure for gut dysmotility after burn injury.     

The potential role of heat shock proteins in acute spinal cord injury

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the differential expression proteins profile of spinal cord tissues after acute spinal cord injury (ASCI), provide preliminary results for further study and explore the secondary injury mechanisms underlying ASCI.

Methods

Using Allen’s frame to establish ASCI model of Sprague–Dawley rats, then a stable isotope-labelled strategy using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) coupled with two-dimensional (2D) liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (2D LC–MS/MS) was performed to separate and identify differentially expressed proteins.

Results

A total of 220 differentially expressed proteins were identified in the spinal cord tissues of H-8 group (acute spinal cord injury after 8 h) compared with H-0 group (acute spinal cord injury after 0 h); Up to 116 proteins were up-regulated, whereas 104 proteins were down-regulated in the spinal cord tissues. Three of the differentially expressed Heat shock proteins (HSPs) namely, Hsp90ab1, Hspa4 and Hspe1 were down-regulated.

Conclusion

The differentially expressed proteins of spinal cord tissues after ASCI will provide scientific foundation for further study to explore the secondary injury mechanism of ASCI.     

经尿道等离子前列腺电切术与普通电切治疗前列腺增生的疗效比较

目的：比较经尿道前列腺等离子电切术（TUPKRP）与经尿道前列腺电切术（TURP）治疗良性前列腺增生（BPH）的疗效指标,探讨两种术式的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2011年1月～2013年6月在本院TUPKRP和TURP治疗的良性前列腺增生的病例资料96例,TUPKP组46例,TURP组50例。通过对两组手术所需时间长短、手术期间出血量大小、切除质量、术后膀胱清洗时间、手术并发症和手术前后3个月的前列腺症状评分、最大尿流率和生活质量进行评分。结果 TUPKRP组手术时间、术中出血量、术后冲洗时间和并发症的发生率明显低于TURP组,前列腺切除质量高于TURP组,差异具有统计学意义（P＜O.05）;术后3项指标I-PSS、Qmax、QOL都较手术前有明显改善,两者差别无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论TUPKRP与TURP治疗BPH的疗效相近,但TUPKRP平均手术时间短、术中出血量少、并发症发生率低,具有良好的应用前景。