Distribution of alpha 2-adrenergic receptor mRNAs in the rat CNS.

alpha 2-Adrenergic receptors (ARs) are involved in central nervous system (CNS) control of blood pressure. It is now known that there are three human genes that encode subtypes of alpha 2-ARs, but little is known regarding the distribution of these subtypes throughout the CNS. The availability of receptor clones allows the mapping of mRNAs encoding the individual alpha 2-AR subtypes in the CNS. In this communication, we report that there are three, closely related rat alpha 2-AR genes. We have developed subtype-specific hybridization probes from each of these genes and have used these reagents to measure alpha 2-AR subtype mRNA accumulation in extracts of discrete regions of the rat CNS. We found that mRNAs encoding the alpha 2A-AR and alpha 2C-AR subtypes are distributed widely, but unevenly, throughout the rat CNS. The A subtype is prominent in the midbrain, brainstem, spinal cord, pituitary and diencephalon while the C subtype predominates in basal ganglia and cerebellum. The cortex, olfactory bulb and hippocampus contain roughly equal amounts of the alpha 2A- and alpha 2C-AR mRNAs. A third subtype's (alpha 2B-AR) mRNA is far less abundant in brain tissues, and is only found in the diencephalon.     

艾灸对30例健康人甲皱微循环及血液流变学的影响

目的：探讨艾灸对健康人甲皱微循环及血液流变学的影响。方法：选择健康学员及武警战士各30例，年龄20－22岁，应用江苏协达公司生产的XDM－1型微循环电脑检测仪及北京世帝科学仪器公司生产的LG－R－80血液粘度计，LG－B－190型红细胞变形／聚集测试仪。固定专人操作，分别于艾灸前及艾灸后，测试甲皱微循环及血液流变学各项指标的变化。结果：艾灸八邪及三阴交穴后，甲皱微循环各项指标均有明显变化，经统计学处理，红细胞聚集程度、血流速度、流态积分、管周积分均有显著性差异（P＜0．05），其余各项指标虽有不同程度的改变，但无统计学意义（P＞0．05）；血液流变学各项指标亦有明显变化，经统计学处理，全血低切相对粘度、全血低切还原粘度、红细胞刚性指数、红细胞聚集指数及血浆纤维蛋白原都有非常显著性差异（P＜0．01），全血高切相对粘度有显著性差异（P＜0．05），其余各项指标虽有不同程度的改变，但无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。结论：艾灸八邪及三阴交穴后可明显改善红细胞聚集程度，降低血液粘度，加快血流速度，降低外周血管阻力。     

Poncet病(病例报告及文献复习)

目的 探讨Poncet病的诊断与治疗。方法 通过病例报告及献复习，综述了Poncet病的发病机理、临床表现。结果 提高对Poncet病的认识。结论 临床上对风湿性或类风湿性关节炎病人均应与本病鉴别。     

普拉固和鱼油对高胆固醇血症患者血脂与心脑血管事件影响的比较

目的:比较普拉固和鱼油对高胆固醇血症患者的血脂、血粘度、血管内皮功能和心脑血管事件的影响。方法:对266例原发性高胆固醇血症患者经2周洗脱期后,随机分为两组,普拉固组,初服10mg,每晚一次,8周后若TC仍>5.2mmol/L,LDL—ch>3.12mmol/L,则加量至20mg/d,每8周再查血脂,以达到TC<5.2mmol/L,LDL—ch<3.12mmol/L的量作治疗量继续服用。鱼油组,服美国深海鱼油一日三次,一次3g,均于服药8周复查血脂、血粘度及血管内皮功能等并作16月随访。结果:治疗8周,TC,普拉固组下降26％,鱼油组下降12％(P<0.01)。LDL—ch,普拉固组下降31％,鱼油组下降11％(P<0.01),肱动脉流量介导的舒张与硝酸甘油介导的舒张,普拉固组分别增加104％和19％,鱼油组无明显改变。全血低切粘度,普拉固组减少23％,鱼油组减少10％(P<0.01)。平均随访16月,普拉固组中脑出血1例(0.8％),鱼油组发生心脑血管事件7例(5.3％),死亡1例(P<0.05)。两组均无明显的不良反应。结论:普拉固是一个安全有效的降脂药,能改善血管内皮功能,降低血粘度,减少高胆固醇血症病人心脑血管事件发生。     

坏宜性脓皮病12例临床分析

报告12例疸性腔皮病患者的性别与年龄构成、并发症、实验室检查、治疗经过和结果，对该病的病因、治疗和预后进行了讨论。     

Influence of serum protein on polycarbonate-based copolymer micelles as a delivery system for a hydrophobic anti-cancer agent.

A new micelle system formed from methoxy (polyethylene glycol)-b-poly (5-benzyloxy-trimethylene carbonate; MePEG-b-PBTMC 5000-b-4800) was investigated as a delivery system for the hydrophobic anti-cancer agent, ellipticine. The ellipticine was loaded into the MePEG-b-PBTMC micelles with a loading efficiency of 95% using a high-pressure extrusion technique. The ellipticine-loaded micelles have a spherical morphology and an average diameter of 96 nm. The anti-cancer activity of ellipticine was confirmed to be retained following formulation in the MePEG-b-PBTMC micelles. The extent of protein adsorption to the MePEG-b-PBTMC micelles was investigated by transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and gel filtration chromatography. Overall, the amount of protein both loosely and tightly associated with the micelles was found to be minimal and insignificant. The partitioning properties of ellipticine between an aqueous medium containing protein and the MePEG-b-PBTMC micelles were examined over a range of protein concentrations. Under physiologically relevant conditions, it was found that 61% of the drug remained within the micelle fraction while 39% was in the protein-containing aqueous phase. In addition, the in vitro drug release profile of ellipticine from the micelles was fit using a modified Higuchi model and found to be accelerated in the presence of protein. These studies demonstrate that although there are no significant interactions between micelle and protein, the properties of the micelle as a delivery vehicle may be strongly influenced by protein-drug interactions.     

冬凌草单药及与化疗合用治疗食管癌205例

目的:观察冬凌草单药及与化疗合用治疗食管癌的临床疗效.方法:448例患者,均经病理细胞学和X线检查确诊为食管癌.其中早期癌76例,均采用冬凌草单药治疗.晚期癌372例,167例采用冬凌草单药治疗,205例采用冬凌草与化疗合用.结果:用冬凌草单药治疗早期食管癌患者3,5,10,13 a的生存率明显高于未治疗组(98.68% vs 51.52%,84.02% vs 28.62%,63.49% vs 11.45%,50.13% vs 8.59%;P<0.001).对于晚期食管癌,冬凌草联合化疗应用,其总有效率明显高于以PYM(BLM)为基础的单一化疗(66.82% vs 42.85%,P<0.01).冬凌草与化疗合用组与单一化疗对照组相比副作用基本相同,无明显差异(P>0.05).结论:对于早期食管癌患者,冬凌草能控制疾病发展延长生存时间;对于晚期食管癌患者,冬凌草能增强化疗的作用.     

分步延期切开复位内固定治疗胫骨Pilon骨折29例

目的 :介绍采用分步延期切开复位内固定治疗 Pilon骨折的经验 ,并进行评估。方法 :采用分步延期切开复位内固定治疗 2 9例 Pilon骨折 ,先用跨踝关节外固定支架临时固定 ,若同时有腓骨骨折一期行切开复位内固定腓骨 ,软组织肿胀消退后 ,再行切开复位内固定胫骨 ,采用影像学与 Helfet标准来评定疗效。结果 :术后 2 5例获得优良关节面复位 ( 86.2 % ) ,2 6例下肢力线恢复良好 ( 89.7% ) ,所有病例均获得随访 ,随访时间 1 2～ 40个月。采用Helfet标准评定疗效 :优 9例 ( 31 % ) ,良 1 3例 ( 4 4.8% ) ,差 7例 ( 2 4 .1 % ) ;优良率 75 .9% ;切口感染 3例 ,切口边缘皮肤坏死 1例 ,通过换药创口愈合 ;关节退行性变 1 1例 ;关节强直 1例。结论 :采用分步延期切开复位内固定治疗胫骨 Pilon骨折能有效降低并发症的发生率 ,获得良好的踝关节功能 ,是治疗胫骨 Pilon骨折一种有效的方法。     

生理盐水肠道冲洗辅助治疗真菌性肠炎效果观察

目的 探讨生理盐水肠道冲洗辅助治疗真菌性肠炎的疗效。方法 将72例真菌性肠炎患者随机分为观察组和对照组各36例，对照组行常规治疗，观察组在此基础上予以温生理盐水（38～41℃）500～7000ml持续肠道冲洗，3～6h／次，1次／d，治疗1～3次。结果 观察组治疗后肠道pH值显著低于治疗前及对照组治疗后（均P〈0．01），治愈率显著高于对照组（P〈0．01）。结论 对真菌性肠炎腹泻患者在常规治疗的基础上，辅以温生理盐水肠道冲洗可显著改善肠道环境，提高治愈率。