纵隔软组织肿瘤23例临床病理分析

本科手术治疗纵隔软组织肿瘤２３例，占同期手术治疗纵隔肿瘤３９０例的５．９％，年龄３５岁以下者１７例，占７３．９％。男女之比为４．８：１（１９／４），本病的临床及Ｘ线表现缺乏特异性，确诊有赖于术后病理学检查。本组中良性肿瘤１５例（６５．２％），恶性肿瘤８例（３４．８％），手术治疗２４例次，肿瘤切除率为９１．７％（２２／２４），手术为首选的治疗方法。     

几种植物来源不同作用机制的抗癌药抗侵袭作用

用细胞培养法和癌细胞侵袭实验,观察几种植物来源不同作用机理的抗癌药如紫杉醇、三尖杉酯碱、高三尖杉酯碱及喜树碱^[1],对黑色素瘤高转移株B16-BL6细胞及人纤维肉瘤细胞HT-1080的细胞毒作用和抗侵袭作用。结果表明紫杉醇、三尖杉酯碱、高三尖杉酯碱及喜树碱对B16-BL6和HT-1080细胞增殖均有很强的抑制作用。紫杉醇、三尖杉酯碱及高三尖杉酯碱对B16-BL6细胞侵袭和运动也有明显的抑制作用,而喜树碱在同样浓度下对B16-BL6细胞侵袭和运动均无明显抑制。     

路路通内酯的化学结构

用红外,质谱,¹H,¹³CNMR和¹H-¹³CCOLOC等光谱解析,确定了新化合物路路通内酯的结构为3-羰基-11α,12α-环氧-13β-氧-齐墩果-28β-酸-13,28-γ-内酯,命名为路路通内酯。     

Caffeine reverses age-related deficits in olfactory discrimination and social recognition memory in rats. Involvement of adenosine A1 and A2A receptors

Caffeine, a non-selective adenosine receptor antagonist, has been suggested as a potential drug to counteract age-related cognitive decline since critical changes in adenosinergic neurotransmission occur with aging. In the present study, olfactory discrimination and short-term social memory of 3, 6, 12 and 18 month-old rats were assessed with the olfactory discrimination and social recognition tasks, respectively. The actions of caffeine (3.0, 10.0 and 30.0 mg/kg, i.p.), the A1 receptor antagonist DPCPX (1.0 and 3.0 mg/kg, i.p.) and the A2A receptor antagonist ZM241385 (0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg, i.p.) in relation to age-related effects on olfactory functions were also studied. The 12 and 18 month-old rats exhibited significantly impaired performance in both models, demonstrating deficits in their odor discrimination and in their ability to recognize a juvenile rat after a short period of time. Acute treatment with caffeine or ZM241385, but not with DPCPX, reversed these age-related olfactory deficits. The present results suggest the participation of adenosine receptors in the control of olfactory functions and confirm the potential of caffeine for the treatment of aged-related cognitive decline.     

Granuloma necrosis during Mycobacterium avium infection does not require tumor necrosis factor

The infection of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-deficient mice with low doses of the virulent Mycobacterium avium strain 25291 led to the appearance of necrotic granulomas at 93 days of infection, i.e., sooner than necrotic granulomas appeared in C57BL/6 animals. Additionally, TNF-deficient mice exhibited higher mycobacterial loads in the infected organs, had extremely exacerbated gamma interferon responses as evaluated in the sera of infected animals, and showed reduced survival. Thus, TNF is not required for granuloma necrosis.     

川芎嗪对肺血管的舒张作用

本实验比较了川芎嗪对不同段的肺血管的舒张作用,结果表明川芎嗪对肺实质内动脉的舒张作用比肺实质外动脉强,内皮细胞能促进川芎嗪对肺动脉的舒张作用。     

采用IL－6cDNA控针检测人IL－6基因表达

采用缺口平移技术对ＩＬ—６ｃＤＮＡ进行了生物素和同位素标记，证明两种标记的ＩＬ－６ｃＤＮＡ（３０ｎｇ／ｍｌ）均可检出低至５ｐｇ的同源ＤＮＡ，而模拟探针（５００μｇ／ｍｌ）对高达１００ｎｇ的同源序列无此反应。应用ＩＬ－６ｃＤＮＡ对富含ＩＬ－６ｍＲＮＡ的标本进行斑点杂交或Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ杂交，证明人参三醇皂甙促进了淋巴细胞ＩＬ—６基因表达（４倍），人胎脾单个核细胞、人胎脑组织匀浆和人胎胰岛细胞内均含有高浓度ＩＬ—６ｍＲＮＡ。     

Seasonal malaria transmission and variation of anopheline density in two distinct endemic areas in Brazilian Amazonia

Studies on seasonal anopheline fauna variation were performed in two distinct settlements in the State of Rond?nia, Brazil: one at the Madeira River banks (Portuchuelo) with stable native Amazonian population; the other at an inland lumber-extracting farm (Urupá) in dry land, in which adults are mostly migrants. During a 6-yr period (1994-2000), 8,638 adult anophelines were collected: 2,684 in Urupá and 5,954 in Portuchuelo. Anopheles darlingi represented >95% of total mosquitoes caught. Dissection of 4,424 A. darlingi females yielded a very low sporozoite infection index below 0.1%. Oocysts were found in both localities in approximately 0.1% of dissected mosquitoes. Determination of the hour biting rates disclosed seasonal variations in both localities. However, in Portuchuelo, mosquito density peaked at the acme of the rainy season, whereas at Urupá it peaked in the dry season. The increase in mosquito density and incidence of malaria cases were coincident. The high mosquito densities observed in the riverine settlement of Portochuelo sector B, which permits evaluation in > 10,000 mosquitoes' bites/person/year, could explain, in spite of the low mosquito's infection index, the previously described development of natural immunity in the local population that is not observed in the dry land agroindustrial settlement of Urupá.