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101.
Sharon L. Lewis PhD RN FAAN Denise Miner‐Williams PhD RN CHPN Allen Novian PhD LMFT LPC Monica I. Escamilla MS PsyD Paula H. Blackwell MT ASCP Jennifer Hale Kretzschmar BBS Lyda C. Arévalo‐Flechas PhD RN Peter N. Bonner MS 《Rehabilitation nursing》2009,34(4):151-159
Aging baby boomers, longer life spans, and rising levels of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) will result in a caregiver crisis in the near future. The ways in which caregivers deal with stresses related to caregiving will be critical to both their own well‐being and their ability to care for others. The purpose of this article is to describe the Stress‐Busting Program (SBP) for family caregivers and its effectiveness. The essential components of the SBP are education, stress management, problem solving, and support delivered in a group setting for 9 weeks. Results of the SBP indicate that throughout the program, caregivers experienced significant improvements in general health, vitality, social function, and mental health scores and decreases in anxiety, anger/hostility, depression, perceived stress, and caregiver burden. The SBP is a cost‐effective health‐promotion strategy for caregivers who have substantial ongoing stress. 相似文献
102.
JA Gómez Gerique A Porres D López Martinez LA Alvarez Sala E Blazquez MT Montoya M De Oya 《Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)》1996,85(1):38-42
Increased plasma lipoprotein(a)-Lp(a)-levels are linked to a high risk of cardiovascular disease unrelated to other lipoproteins. It seems that Lp(a) values in childhood remain unaltered up to adulthood. In a randomly chosen population of 1970 children, aged from 4 to 18 years and living in a Spanish community, the following serum parameters were studied: total cholesterol, total triglycerides, Lp(a), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Mean Lp(a) serum values were 15.0 ± 14.7mg dl-1 . No differences were seen between either sex in the first years of childhood. Of the studied children, 15.1% presented Lp(a) concentrations above 30 mg dl-1 . A correlation between Lp(a) and total cholesterol concentrations, which disappeared when low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations were corrected according to cholesterol present in Lp(a), was observed. 相似文献
103.
Mohammed M. Dar AB Zeinab Abdel-Wahab PhD Carol E. Vervaert MT Tim Darrow PhD Jack Barber PhD Dr. H. F. Seigler MD 《Annals of surgical oncology》1996,3(3):247-254
Background: Recent studies have demonstrated the usefulness of gene-modified tumor cells for immunotherapy. Using the tumorigenic murine
fibrosarcoma, MCA 106, we investigated the effects of localized interferon-γ (IFNg) secretion on tumorigenicity and on long-term memory.
Methods: The murine IFNg (MuIFNg) gene was introduced into tumor cells. High and low IFNg-secreting clones were isolated. C57BL/6
mice were injected subcutaneously (s.c.) with either parental (P), high or low IFNg-secreting (H- or L-IFNg) cells, and tumor
growth was assessed weekly. Spleens were harvested on different days postinjection (p.i.) to assess in vitro cytolytic activity.
In parallel, tissues from injection sites were stained with macrophage-, CD4-, and CD8-detecting antibodies. Mice were injected
s.c. with H-IFNg MCA106 tumor. After 150 days the animals were rechallenged s.c. with MCA106P in one leg and with irrelevant
syngeneic tumor in the other.
Results: Both P- and L-IFNg cells had similar growth, whereas the H-IFNg cells never grew. Only splenocytes from the H-IFNg animals
showed in vitro CTL activity persisting until day 30 p.i. Histological data revealed a macrophage and CD4+ infiltrate much earlier in the H-IFNg group compared with the P group. Only the irrelevant, syngeneic tumor grew in animals
previously injected with H-IFNg cells, whereas both P and irrelevant syngeneic tumors grew in controls.
Conclusions: Transduction of MCA106 cells with the MuIFNg gene diminished in vivo tumorigenicity in proportion to the amount of IFNg secreted.
Immunization with H-IFNg cells elicited a host response characterized by macrophages and CD4+ cells. Long-term tumor-specific memory was seen after immunization with H-IFNg cells. 相似文献
104.
105.
Determination of Proliferation Index By MIB-1 Immunostaining in Early Stage Breast Cancer Using Quantitative Image Analysis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Lester J. Layfield M.D. Billie-Jo M. Kerns B.S. MT Debbi H. Conlon. A.A.S. HT J. Dirk Iglehart M.D. † Jeffrey R Marks PhD † Richard K. Dodge M.S. ‡ 《The breast journal》1995,1(6):362-371
Abstract: Several clinicopathologic variables influence prognosis in breast cancer, including stage, histologic grade, nodal status, and tumor size. Multiple studies have shown an independent value of proliferation index as a prognostic variable for the stratification into favorable and unfavorable groups. The monoclonal antibody MIB-1 reacts with the same antigen site, not epitope, as recognized by the Ki-67 antibody. Like Ki-67, MIB-1 reacts with cells in the late G1, S, M and G2 phases of the cell cycle, but MIB-1 has the advantage of reacting with formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded material. The authors investigated the feasibility of using image analysis to quantitate the MIB-1 antibody staining (proliferation index [PI]) and predict survival in a series of 230 patients with stage I and stage II breast cancer. In a univariate Cox regression model, larger values of MIB-1 were related to shorter survival times (p < 0.001). Exploratory statistical procedures were used to categorize the patients into good, intermediate, and poor survival groups using the following proliferation indices as cut-points: <5%, 5–11%, and >11 %, respectively. Higher clinical stage was associated with higher MIB-1 values and shorter survival (p = 0.01, and p = 0.003, respectively). Tumor size (p = 0.02) and nodal status (p = 0.05) were also associated with higher values of MIB-1. After adjusting for age, clinical stage, nodal status, and tumor size in a multivariate analysis, MIB-1 retained its prognostic significance (p < 0.0001) when considered as either a continuous or categorical variable. There were no significant associations between MIB-1 determined proliferation index and age (p = 0.54), histologic grade (p = 0.69), nuclear grade (p = 0.06) or the presence of vascular invasion (p =.66). There is a strong statistical relationship between cell proliferative activity, as determined by MIB-1 expression, and survival in early stage breast cancer. 相似文献
106.
107.
Forty-three patients with acquired and congenital abnormalities of the thoracic aorta were studied using digital subtraction angiography (DSA) after an intravenous bolus injection of 40 ml of contrast material. Abnormalities studied included coarctation, pseudocoarctation, Marfan syndrome, cervical aorta, double aortic arch, aneurysm, dissection, and tumor. Twenty-four patients also had conventional angiography. DSA was accurate in 95% of cases; in the other 5%, involving patients with acute type I dissection, the coronary arteries could not be seen. The authors concluded that in 92% of their patients, DSA could have replaced the standard aortogram. 相似文献
108.
109.
IMMUNOLOGICAL FEATURES OF HLA-B27 ANTERIOR UVEITIS 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
DENIS WAKEFIELD FRACP FRCPA JOAN EASTER BSc MT PAUL ROBINSON MSC RONALD PENNY DSC FRACP FRCPA 《Clinical & experimental ophthalmology》1983,11(1):15-19
Analysis ol the immunological features of anterior Uveitis (AU) revealed a dichotomy of abnormalities defined in terms of the HLA-B27 status of the patient. HLA-B27-positive AU was characterised by the occurrence of ins autoantibodies and an absolute T cell lymphopenia during active disease which returned to normal with recovery. This phenomenon was not observed in HLA-B27-negative AU or in controls and could not be attributed to antilymphocyte antibodies as these were not detected. Furthermore, there were no changes in T-cell subsets (helper and suppressor T lymphocytes). Compared with HLA-B27-positive AU patients, the HLA-B27-negative group demonstrated elevated lgE levels and increased prevalence of smooth muscle autoantibodies. Key words: anterior Uveitis, HLA-B27, immunological abnormalities, T lymphocytes, autoantibodies. 相似文献
110.