全文获取类型
收费全文 | 4487篇 |
免费 | 448篇 |
国内免费 | 271篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 39篇 |
儿科学 | 66篇 |
妇产科学 | 53篇 |
基础医学 | 621篇 |
口腔科学 | 74篇 |
临床医学 | 577篇 |
内科学 | 730篇 |
皮肤病学 | 25篇 |
神经病学 | 240篇 |
特种医学 | 147篇 |
外国民族医学 | 1篇 |
外科学 | 449篇 |
综合类 | 772篇 |
现状与发展 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 295篇 |
眼科学 | 44篇 |
药学 | 505篇 |
5篇 | |
中国医学 | 193篇 |
肿瘤学 | 369篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 18篇 |
2023年 | 62篇 |
2022年 | 152篇 |
2021年 | 216篇 |
2020年 | 169篇 |
2019年 | 146篇 |
2018年 | 146篇 |
2017年 | 124篇 |
2016年 | 114篇 |
2015年 | 200篇 |
2014年 | 250篇 |
2013年 | 205篇 |
2012年 | 298篇 |
2011年 | 370篇 |
2010年 | 197篇 |
2009年 | 154篇 |
2008年 | 246篇 |
2007年 | 222篇 |
2006年 | 215篇 |
2005年 | 232篇 |
2004年 | 174篇 |
2003年 | 116篇 |
2002年 | 110篇 |
2001年 | 107篇 |
2000年 | 115篇 |
1999年 | 131篇 |
1998年 | 114篇 |
1997年 | 94篇 |
1996年 | 71篇 |
1995年 | 45篇 |
1994年 | 69篇 |
1993年 | 40篇 |
1992年 | 59篇 |
1991年 | 41篇 |
1990年 | 15篇 |
1989年 | 34篇 |
1988年 | 34篇 |
1987年 | 20篇 |
1986年 | 19篇 |
1985年 | 14篇 |
1984年 | 9篇 |
1983年 | 6篇 |
1982年 | 6篇 |
1981年 | 11篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1969年 | 1篇 |
1928年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有5206条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
我们以前曾报道,表达单纯疱疹病毒Ⅱ型糖蛋白D(HSV-2gD)的重组痘苗病毒(实验疫苗株)能保护被免疫小鼠抵抗致死量HSV-2病毒的攻击。在此工作基础上,严格按人用疫苗研究要求的实验条件,成功地建立了表达HSV-2gD的重组痘苗病毒活疫苗株。首先将经聚合酶链反应(PCR)修饰的HSV-2gD基因插入痘苗表达质粒pJSB1175,置于痘苗病毒P75K早/晚期启动子控制下。将此重组质粒用Lipofectin方法转染已受野型TK+痘苗病毒天坛761株感染的人胚肺二倍体细胞。经同位素探针(32P-HSV-2gD)原位杂交法和3轮蚀斑纯化,筛选出基因组内整合有HSV-2gD基因的重组痘苗病毒。斑点和Southern杂交证实,HSV-2gD基因已插入痘苗病毒基因组内预期的TK区段,间接免疫荧光检测显示,重组病毒感染细胞后能有效地表达HSV-2gD蛋白。 相似文献
32.
Mei Shuang Jing Liu Mei Xiang Jia Jian Zhong Yang Su Ping Wu Xiao Hong Gong Yan Su Ling Yan Ruan Xiao Ling Yang Dai Zhang 《American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics》2004,(1):48-50
The glutamate pathways are involved in diverse processes such as learning and memory, epilepsy, and they play important roles in neural plasticity, neural development, and neurodegeneration. It has been proposed that autism could be a hypoglutamatergic disorder. Recently, Jamain et al. reported that the glutamate receptor 6 (GluR6 or GRIK2) is in linkage disequilibrium with autism. In the present study, the transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) and the haplotype transmission were performed to analyze the four SNPs (SNP1: rs995640; SNP2: rs2227281; SNP3: rs2227283; SNP4: rs2235076) of GluR6 in 174 Chinese Han parent-offspring trios. The TDT demonstrated that the two SNPs (SNP2 and SNP3) showed preferential transmission (TDT P = 0.032). The global chi(2) test for haplotype transmission also revealed an association between GluR6 and autism (chi(2) = 10.78, df = 3, P = 0.013). Our results suggested that GluR6 is in linkage disequilibrium with autism. 相似文献
33.
大鼠肝内移植肿瘤与肥大细胞关系的形态学研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
目的:研究大鼠肝内移植肿瘤与其周边肥大细胞的关系。方法:建立40只雄性Wistar大鼠肝内移植肿瘤模型,运用HE染色,肥大细胞(mast cell,MC)Alcian blue特殊染色,苦味酸-天狼猩红染色和电镜等技术,观察移植肿瘤肝组织的形态学改变,肿瘤周边浸润MC的数量以及MC与肿瘤组织的关系,8只正常大鼠为对照组。结果:肿瘤组织周边部分肝细胞形态学异常;肝组织内胶原纤维增生,主要为Ⅰ型和Ⅲ型胶原,并包绕肿瘤组织,肿瘤周边MC浸润,并沿胶原纤维分布,不同大鼠其肿瘤周边MC数量不一,有的差异明显。超微结构观察显示MC通过多个接触点与肿瘤细胞紧密相连,并释放胞质颗粒内容物,导致肿瘤细胞崩解。结论:MC与肿瘤组织有着非常密切的关系,MC可能通过多种途径直接和间接地发挥抗肿瘤作用。 相似文献
34.
An animal model of SARS produced by infection of Macaca mulatta with SARS coronavirus 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
Qin C Wang J Wei Q She M Marasco WA Jiang H Tu X Zhu H Ren L Gao H Guo L Huang L Yang R Cong Z Guo L Wang Y Liu Y Sun Y Duan S Qu J Chen L Tong W Ruan L Liu P Zhang H Zhang J Zhang H Liu D Liu Q Hong T He W 《The Journal of pathology》2005,206(3):251-259
A new SARS animal model was established by inoculating SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) into rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) through the nasal cavity. Pathological pulmonary changes were successively detected on days 5-60 after virus inoculation. All eight animals showed a transient fever 2-3 days after inoculation. Immunological, molecular biological, and pathological studies support the establishment of this SARS animal model. Firstly, SARS-CoV-specific IgGs were detected in the sera of macaques from 11 to 60 days after inoculation. Secondly, SARS-CoV RNA could be detected in pharyngeal swab samples using nested RT-PCR in all infected animals from 5 days after virus inoculation. Finally, histopathological changes of interstitial pneumonia were found in the lungs during the 60 days after viral inoculation: these changes were less marked at later time points, indicating that an active healing process together with resolution of an acute inflammatory response was taking place in these animals. This animal model should provide insight into the mechanisms of SARS-CoV-related pulmonary disease and greatly facilitate the development of vaccines and therapeutics against SARS. 相似文献
35.
In order to investigate the role of monocyte/macrophages and their relationship to the expression of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (MCSF) in pulmonary atherosclerosis, lungs were excised from rabbits that had been fed for 60 and 90 days on a diet containing 0.5% cholesterol. In the lungs, fatty streaks and elevated foam cell lesions predominated in the large or medium-sized elastic pulmonary arteries, while massive accumulation of foam cells in the intima of muscular arteries produced marked luminal narrowing and nearly complete occlusion. In these lesions, most of the foam cells were reactive with RbM2, a monoclonal antibody (mAb) against rabbit macrophages, while smooth muscle cell-derived foam cells were detected by mAb against smooth muscle actin in the deeper area of elevated foam cell lesions of elastic arteries. Ultrastructural observation confirmed the presence of monocytes in the intima, their differentiation into macrophages, and their transformation into foam cells in the atherosclerotic lesions. lmmunohistochemical expression of MCSF was demonstrated in the endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells and foam cells. A minor macrophagederived foam cell population was demonstrated to possess a prolif-erative capacity. These data suggest that MCSF is involved in the differentiation of monocytes into macrophages, their transformation into foam cells, and their proliferation during pulmonary atherogenesis. 相似文献
36.
Protection by a taurine supplemented diet from lead-induced deficits of long-term potentiation/depotentiation in dentate gyrus of rats in vivo 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Previous studies have demonstrated that synaptic plasticity, which includes long-term potentiation (LTP) and depotentiation (DP) in hippocampus, is important for learning and memory. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of taurine via drinking water on the lead-induced impairments of LTP and DP in rat dentate gyrus (DG) in vivo. The experiments were carried out in four groups of rats (control, lead-exposed, control and lead-exposed with a taurine-supplement diet, respectively). The input-output (I/O) function, excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) and population spike (PS) amplitude were measured in the DG area of adult rats (60-90 days) in response to stimulation applied to the lateral perforant path. The results show that: 1. chronic lead exposure impaired LTP/DP measured on both EPSP slope and PS amplitude in DG area of the hippocampus; 2. in control rats, taurine had no effect on LTP/DP; 3. the amplitudes of LTP/DP of lead-exposed group were significantly increased by applying taurine. These results suggest that dietary taurine supplement could protect rats from the lead-induced impairments of synaptic plasticity and might be a preventive medicine to cure the cognitive deficits induced by lead. 相似文献
37.
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of age on left ventricular (LV) systolic function in normal healthy adults. Eighty consecutive subjects without cardiovascular disease underwent standard and tissue Doppler (TD) echocardiographic imaging. LV systolic function was assessed by load-dependent indices as ejection fraction (EF) and myocardial systolic velocities by TD as well as by the load-independent index, systolic isovolumic acceleration rate (IVA). None of the echocardiographic measurements of systolic function declined with age (mean IVA for the group, 286 +/- 123 cm s(-2); IVA vs. age, r = 0.21, P = 0.1). Likewise, LV end diastolic dimension, wall thickness, mass and left atrial maximum volume were not significantly related to age. On the other hand, as previously reported, echocardiographic indices of diastolic function showed a significant decline with age (P < 0.05). When the group was stratified by gender, isovolumic velocity and acceleration were higher in men than women, but the differences were not significant (P = 0.12 and 0.37, respectively). No significant relation was observed between age and measurements of LV systolic function by regression analysis in women (P > 0.1). However, in men, a positive correlation was noted between average IVA and age (r = 0.63, P = 0.007). In conclusion, age is not associated with a change in cardiac structure and LV systolic function, but is accompanied by a decline in echocardiographic indices of diastolic function. With respect to gender, age does not appear to influence LV systolic function in women, but is associated with an increase in IVA and septal systolic ejection in men. 相似文献
38.
为研究金丝桃的抗脂质过氧化作用,用分光光度法测定了金丝桃提取物对大鼠离体组织匀浆的脂质过氧化及由Fe2+-H2O2体系、Fe2+-VitC体系和Fe2+-Cys体系诱导的脂质过氧化的抑制作用。发现金丝桃提取物对大鼠肝、心、肾组织匀浆脂质过氧化和线粒体诱导的脂质过氧化具有抑制作用并表现出剂量依赖关系,而且提取物F003的抑制作用要强于F004、F005的抑制作用。认为金丝桃具有较好的抗脂质过氧化作用,具有进一步研究与开发价值。 相似文献
39.
This study was to explore the effect and mechanism of Probucol on STZ-induced erectile dysfunction in diabetic rats. Thirty SD male rats aged 12 weeks were given intraperitoneal injection of STZ after fasting for 12 hr. Diabetic rats were haphazardly partitioned under two assemblies and administered 0 or 500 mg/kg probucol by oral gavage to 12 weeks. Control group was intraperitoneally injected with physiological saline, and saline was administered by oral gavage daily. Intracorporeal pressure was used to evaluate erectile function. Levels of proteins were detected using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. α-SMA and vWF were detected using immunofluorescence staining. After treatment, erectile function in probucol group was significantly improved. Endoplasmic reticulum stress-related proteins were expressed higher in DM group than in sham group, while expression of these proteins decreased significantly in probucol group. However, α-SMA and vWF were expressed at lower levels in DM group than in sham group, and probucol treatment reversed this phenomenon. Finally, Bax and Caspase3 were expressed at higher levels and Bcl-2 was expressed at lower levels in DM group, while the opposite result was obtained in probucol group. In conclusions, probucol improves erectile function by reducing endothelial dysfunction and inhibiting PERK/ATF4/CHOP pathway in STZ-induced diabetic rats. 相似文献
40.
Jiang Bian Ting Wang Jijun Sun Xiaozhen He Zhijiao Wu Songmei Zhang Hao Chi Tingting Fan Shaowen Wang Weiyun Shi Qingguo Ruan 《American journal of transplantation》2021,21(12):3858-3870
The relevance of Tregs in the induction of tolerance against corneal allografts has been well established. Although it is well known that the conversion of Tregs into effector-like cells contributes to the loss of corneal immune privilege, the underlying mechanism is still not fully understood. Using heterologous penetrating keratoplasty model, we found that Tregs from corneal allograft rejected mice (inflam-Tregs) exhibit impaired function and characteristics of effector T cells. Further study showed that the expression of NF-κB c-Rel, a key mediator of effector T cell function, was significantly increased in inflam-Tregs. Mechanistic study revealed that elevated NF-κB c-Rel level in inflam-Tregs impaired Treg function through the promotion of inflammatory cytokine production and glycolysis. More importantly, we demonstrated that targeting NF-κB c-Rel was able to improve the immune suppressive function of inflam-Tregs in vitro and enhance the potential of them to suppress corneal transplantation rejection. Therefore, our current study identified NF-κB c-Rel as a key mediator of the conversion of Tregs into effector-like cells when under inflammatory environment. 相似文献