Effect of total parenteral nutrition with different nitrogen burden on organ function and protein metabolism in multiple organ failure rabbits]

Rabbits with MOF induced by intraabdominal sepsis were used to observe the effect of TPN with different amount of amino acid nitrogen on organ function, nitrogen balance and urine 3-MH excretion. The results showed that TPN support could improve the impaired organ function and reverse negative nitrogen balance. Low nitrogen burden was helpful to the lung, while high nitrogen appeared to be beneficial to the liver. Low nitrogen was more effective in increasing nitrogen balance and decreasing the urine 3-MH excretion. We conclude that excessive nitrogen burden results in significant thermic effect and an elevation of stress level, just as excessive glucose does.     

Predicting RNA secondary structure based on the class information and Hopfield network

One of the models for RNA secondary structure prediction is to view it as maximum independent set problem, which can be approximately solved by Hopfield network. However, when predicting native molecules, the model is not always accurate and the heuristic method of Hopfield network is not always stable. It is because that the class information is lost and the accuracy is not determined by the number of base pairs only. Secondary structures of non-coding RNAs are believed conservative on the same class. However, software and web servers nowadays for RNA secondary structure prediction do not consider the class information. In this paper, we involve class information in the initialization of Hopfield network. When the initialization is improved, the promising experimental result shows the efficacy and superiority of our proposed methods.     

医院SCI科技论文精细化管理的应用与探讨——基于文献计量学的可视化分析

目的  探讨医院科技论文精细化管理在提升科技论文发文数量与质量中的意义和价值。方法  以医院科技论文管理办法发布时间和管理特点为依据，将2011-2020年分为2011-2014年“粗犷”、2015-2016年“简单”、2017-2018年“绩效”、2019-2020年“精细”4个阶段，以Web of Science核心数据库（WOS）为数据来源，检索2011-2020年首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院和北京市肝病研究所为第一单位发表的SCI科技论文，利用文献计量学软件对各区段发表科技论文数量、影响力和主题演化进行可视化分析。结果  2011-2020年WOS共收录618篇论著和综述类论文，其中2011-2014年平均发文量为32篇；2015-2016年为53篇；2017-2018年为71篇，2019-2020年为112篇，发文量逐级递增。2011-2020年间标准化论文被引频次（NTC）>5的科技论文共有13篇，2011-2014年4篇、 2015-2016年0篇、2017-2018年5篇、2019-2020年4篇，论文影响力在逐级提升。主题演化分析显示，乙肝病毒、肝衰竭、肝硬化、肝细胞癌、艾滋病的临床和基础科学研究贯穿于2011-2020年，2011-2014年“粗犷”与2015-2016年“简单”阶段多集中于临床研究，2017-2018年“绩效”与2019-2020年“精细”阶段中临床与机制研究相融合，研究领域向多学科拓展。结论  科技论文的精细化管理促进了医院科技论文发表数量和影响力的提升，提升了医院的科研能力和创新水平，促进了医院优势学科发展和多学科的交叉融合。     

Health State Utility Values for Type 2 Diabetes and Related Complications in East and Southeast Asia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

ObjectivesEast and Southeast Asia has the greatest burden of diabetes in the world. We sought to derive a reference set of utility values for type 2 diabetes without complication and disutility (utility decrement) values for important diabetes-related complications to better inform economic evaluation.MethodsA systematic review to identify utility values for diabetes and related complications reported in East and Southeast Asia. We searched MEDLINE (OVID) from inception to May 26, 2020 for utility values elicited using direct and indirect methods. Identified studies were assessed for quality based on the National Institute of Health and Care Excellence guidelines. Utility and disutility estimates were pooled by meta-analyses with subgroup analyses to evaluate differences by nationality and valuation instrument. (PROSPERO: CRD42020191075).ResultsWe identified 17 studies for the systematic review from a total of 13 035 studies in the initial search, of which 13 studies met the quality criteria for inclusion in the meta-analyses. The pooled utility value for diabetes without complication was 0.88 (95% CI 0.83-0.93), with the pooled utility decrement for associated complications ranged from 0.00 (for excess BMI) to 0.18 (for amputation). The utility values were consistently more conservative than previous estimates derived in Western populations. Utility decrements were comparable for SF-6D and EQ-5D valuation instruments and for Chinese and other Asian groups.ConclusionsA reference set of pooled disutility and utility values for type 2 diabetes and its complications in East and Southeast Asian populations yielded more conservative estimates than Western populations.     

Guidelines to rational use of antibiotics in acute upper respiratory tract infections in Chinese children

Acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) is the most common disease afflicting Chinese children and ranks first in numbers of outpatients, hospitalization and fatality rate. ARTI is also the most frequent reason that antibiotics are prescribed.     

Use of Washington State newspapers for submersion injury surveillance

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the usefulness of newspapers as a surveillance tool for submersion injury, the proportion of submersion events and important details reported in Washington State newspapers was determined. It was also determined whether a letter sent to newspaper editors to encourage reporting changed the proportion and content of reported submersion events. METHODS: Newspaper articles regarding submersion were collected from 225 Washington newspapers from June 1993 through September 1998. Newspaper articles were linked to computerized state death and hospital records. Reporting during periods before and after a letter was sent encouraging more newspaper articles on submersion injury and preventative factors was compared. RESULTS: A total of 1,874 submersion victims were identified in the three data sources. Of the 983 victims who had a death certificate, 52% were reported in at least one news article. Of the 471 persons in hospital discharge data, 25% were reported in a newspaper. Reporting of pediatric victims who died increased from 63% to 79% (p=0.008); reporting of hospitalized persons increased from 23% to 27% (p=0.3). There were increases in reporting of swimming ability (7% to 15%, p<0.001), supervision (82% to 91%, p<0.001), and alcohol use (7% to 24%, p<0.001). Reporting of life vest use decreased (35% to 23%, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Newspapers failed to report about one half of fatal submersions and three quarters of submersions that resulted in a hospitalization. An effort to improve reporting was associated with an increase in the proportion of pediatric drownings that were reported, but a consistent improvement in content was found. The usefulness of newspaper articles as a surveillance tool may be limited.     

老年2型糖尿病合并脑梗死患者的血脂分析

目的 对老年2型糖尿病合并脑梗死患者的血脂特点进行分析.方法 收集2型糖尿病合并脑梗死患者与无糖尿病的脑梗死患者,通过统计学分析比较两组间的血脂特点.结果 2型糖尿病合并脑梗死组患者的TG、LDL-C和apoB较无糖尿病的脑梗死患者显著升高,而HLD-C和apoA1较对照组显著下降.结论 糖尿病患者的高血糖状态对患者的血脂代谢具有重要影响,可能是促使糖尿病患者动脉粥样硬化、引起脑梗死的重要原因.     

正常国人升主动脉、腹主动脉、肾动脉血管的松弛函数及力学性质

背景：主动脉损伤都需要进行吻接修复。国内外学者对主动脉血管的粘弹性力学性质已作了一些研究。作者未检索到关于人主动脉单向拉伸破坏实验及构建松弛函数的报道。 目的：对正常国人急性外伤致死的成人新鲜尸体升主动脉、腹主动脉、肾动脉进行一维拉伸试验，测量分析血管的力学性质。 设计、时间及地点：以函数为描述方式的对比分析，实验于2007-08-10/20在吉林大学力学实验中心完成。 材料：实验标本取自正常国人因急性外伤至死的5具男性尸体的升主动脉、腹主动脉、肾动脉，由白求恩医科大学解剖教研室提供，年龄23~30岁。 方法：死后1 h之内解剖取死者出升主动脉、腹主动脉、肾动脉，将标本沿纵向切成长25 mm的试样共26个。以一维拉伸的方法对升主动脉、腹主动脉、肾动脉进行拉伸实验。在模拟正常人体温在(36.5±0.5) ℃的温度场下进行，以20 mm/min的速度对试样施加拉应力，试样破坏后，计算机自动输出应力-应变曲线和数据。 主要观察指标：①升主动脉、腹主动脉、肾动脉一维拉伸实验结果。②升主动脉、腹主动脉、肾动脉一维拉伸实验中的应力-应变关系。③升主动脉、腹主动脉、肾动脉松弛函数构建。 结果：①拉伸实验结果显示，肾动脉的破坏应力大于腹主动脉和升主动脉(P < 0.05)，腹主动脉的伸长比和应变大于肾动脉和升主动脉(P < 0.05)。②应力松弛蠕变试验结果表明：肾动脉和腹主动脉7 200 s应力松弛量比较接近，升主动脉7 200 s应力松弛量小于腹主动脉和肾动脉，差异显著(P < 0.05)。腹主动脉7 200 s蠕变量大于肾动脉大于升主动脉，差异显著(P < 0.05)。根据冯元桢教授的准线性理论得出升主动脉、腹主动脉、肾动脉松弛函数κ(λt)=G(t)T(e)(λ)的表达式。 结论：肾动脉的最大应力大于腹主动脉及升主动脉，腹主动脉伸长比和应变大于肾动脉及升主动脉。主动脉升部、腹部、肾部随其生理解剖位置不同具有不同的力学性质。