Collateral vessel regression in a child with primary congenital glaucoma.

The presence of collateral vessels in a young child with glaucoma is rare. The authors describe a case of collateral vessel regression with intraocular pressure reduction in a child with primary congenital glaucoma. Six months following 180 degrees goniotomies in each eye, the intraocular pressure was reduced, dilation of the retinal arteries and veins resolved, and collateral vessels in both eyes regressed. Intraocular pressure reduction may lead to the regression of collateral vessels in children with primary congenital glaucoma.     

Early life precursors of psychiatric outcomes in adulthood in subjects at risk for schizophrenia or affective disorders.

In the New York High-Risk Project (NYHRP), 186 offspring of schizophrenic, affectively ill, and psychiatrically normal parents have been followed prospectively from 1971-72 to the average age of 27 years in 1990 with the goal of identifying early precursors of later psychopathology. In this report, we use path analyses to examine the relationship of several life-history variables to three pathological outcomes in the offspring: namely, psychosis, psychiatric hospitalization, and psychological dysfunction. The chief direct relationship with these outcomes is the effect of having a schizophrenic parent. The latter effect is also mediated indirectly by IQ.     

P-fimbriae vaccines

To test for cross-protective capacity of two different P-fimbriae vaccines we vaccinated baboons with fimbriae purified from either Escherichia coli strain ER2 or strain JR1. The vaccinated animals showed elevated antibody titers to P-fimbriae from each of the E. coli strains used, suggesting cross-reactivity as was expected from the results of immunoprecipitation of the fimbriae. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay inhibition by heterologous P-fimbriae proved this to be true immunologic cross-reactivity.     

Chronic Bullous Dermatosis of Childhoo Immonopathologic Studies

Chronic bullous dermatosis of childhood (CBDC) is a distinctive subepidermal blistering disorder that characteristically involves the lower face, neck, lower trunk, and diaper area. Nearly all affected patients have a continuous linear band of IgA at the dermoepidermal junction by direct immunofluorescence and many have circulating IgA antibasement membrane antibodies. Few ultrastructural studies have been performed to determine the location of these IgA autoantibodies. We examined an infant with the typical clinical, histopathologic, and immunopathologic features of CBDC in whom a circulating, lamina lucida-reactive IgA autoantibody was identified with a new, more sensitive, split-skin indirect immunofluorescence technique.     

High-protein Weight-loss Diets: Are They Safe and Do They Work? A Review of the Experimental and Epidemiologic Data

Recommendations for increased consumption of protein are among the most common approaches of popular or fad diets. This review summarizes the effects of dietary protein on satiety, energy intake, thermogenesis, and weight loss, as well as its effect on a variety of health outcomes in adults. In short-term studies, dietary protein modulates energy intake via the sensation of satiety and increases total energy expenditure by increasing the thermic effect of feeding. Whereas these effects did not contribute to weight and fat loss in those studies in which energy intake was fixed, one ad libitum study does suggest that a high-protein diet results in a greater decrease in energy intake, and therefore greater weight and fat loss. In terms of safety, there is little long-term information on the health effects of high-protein diets. From the available data, however, it is evident that the consumption of protein greater than two to three times the U.S. Recommended Daily Allowance contributes to urinary calcium loss and may, in the long term, predispose to bone loss. Caution with these diets is recommended in those individuals who may be predisposed to nephrolithiasis or kidney disease, and particularly in those with diabetes mellitus.