视觉诱发电位在眼科学中的临床应用价值——Christchurch医院的经验

目的 探讨视觉诱发电位在眼科临床中的应用价值.方法 总结Christchurch医院30年来视觉诱发电位在临床应用的经验.结果 视神经炎是视神经的炎症病变,表现为单眼的突发性失明并伴随眼球移动时疼痛.视神经炎的电生理表现为视觉诱发电位的潜伏期延长,这种延长在发病3周视力恢复后仍存在.由于视神经炎关系到多发性硬化症的并发,对其正确的鉴别诊断十分重要.视神经诱发电位一个重要的临床应用,是能发现已痊愈的视神经炎的电位异常.在视觉诱发电位中,P100潜伏期的延长可从急性期延迟很长时间,它在占位性视神经疾病的诊断中有重要的诊断价值,也可作为视交叉占位性病变的确诊手段.另外,视觉诱发电位在功能性失明或装盲(尤其是儿童)有重要应用价值.结论 视觉电生理在眼科临床中的应用应得到肯定.(中国眼耳鼻喉科杂志,2007,775～78)     

Pulmonary ventilation and perfusion scanning using hyperpolarized helium-3 MRI and arterial spin tagging in healthy normal subjects and in pulmonary embolism and orthotopic lung transplant patients.

Conventional nuclear ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) scanning is limited in spatial resolution and requires exposure to radioactivity. The acquisition of pulmonary V/Q images using MRI overcomes these difficulties. When inhaled, hyperpolarized helium-3 ((3)He) permits MRI of gas distribution. Magnetic labeling of blood (arterial spin-tagging (AST)) provides images of pulmonary perfusion. Three normal subjects, two patients who had undergone single lung transplantation for emphysema, and one subject with pulmonary embolism (PE), were imaged. (3)He distribution and blood perfusion appeared uniform in the normal subjects and throughout the lung allografts. Gas distribution and perfusion in the emphysematous lungs were non-uniform and paralleled radiographic abnormalities. AST imaging alone revealed a lower-lobe wedge-shaped perfusion defect in the patient with PE that corresponded to computed tomography (CT) imaging. Hyperpolarized (3)He gas is demonstrated to provide ventilation images of the lung. Blood perfusion information may be obtained during the same examination using the AST technique. The sequential application of these imaging methods provides a novel tool for studying V/Q relationships.     

Homozygous cystinuria and the oculo-cerebro-renal dystrophy of Lowe in same family

The mother and daughter in a family had homozygous cystinuria and were also heterozygous carriers of the oculo-cerebro-renal dystrophy of Lowe. The daughter was also epileptic. The son had Lowe's syndrome and the father an increased urinary excretion of cystine and lysine. This evidence together with other case reports suggests that the defect in cystinuria and that of Lowe's syndrome may be connected.