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排序方式: 共有202条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
In humans with B-cell malignancies, the presence of monoclonal B lymphocytes (clonal proliferation) can be detected by comparing the fluorescence intensity distributions of lymphocytes stained with anti- kappa and anti-lambda reagents. The sensitivity of previously described single-color immunofluorescence techniques to low levels of clonal excess is limited by background from cytophilic immunoglobulins on non- B cells and by the low proportion of circulating B cells in individuals with minimal disease. We have used two-color immunofluorescence and B- cell gating to develop an improved assay that avoids false positives due to non-B cells, without requiring restrictive light scatter gates that may exclude true positives. This method is sensitive to 0.2% monoclonal B cells admixed with fresh normal lymphocytes, to 0.6% monoclonal B cells admixed with normal lymphocytes that have been stored for up to 72 hours, and readily detects 1% monoclonal cells in patient specimens. The two color B-cell gated assay offers sensitivity equivalent to the single-color assay and improved specificity for detection of low levels of clonal excess. 相似文献
92.
Mohammad Al-Mahdi Al-Karagholi Hashmat Ghanizada Cherie Amalie Waldorff Nielsen Assan Ansari Christian Gram Samaria Younis Mark B Vestergaard Henrik BW Larsson Lene Theil Skovgaard Faisal Mohammad Amin Messoud Ashina 《Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism》2021,41(6):1328
Glibenclamide inhibits sulfonylurea receptor (SUR), which regulates several ion channels including SUR1-transient receptor potential melastatin 4 (SUR1-TRPM4) channel and ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channel. Stroke upregulates SURl-TRPM4 channel, which causes a rapid edema formation and brain swelling. Glibenclamide may antagonize the formation of cerebral edema during stroke. Preclinical studies showed that glibenclamide inhibits KATP channel-induced vasodilation without altering the basal vascular tone. The in vivo human cerebrovascular effects of glibenclamide have not previously been investigated.In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, three-way cross-over study, we used advanced 3 T MRI methods to investigate the effects of glibenclamide and KATP channel opener levcromakalim on mean global cerebral blood flow (CBF) and intra- and extracranial artery circumferences in 15 healthy volunteers. Glibenclamide administration did not alter the mean global CBF and the basal vascular tone. Following levcromakalim infusion, we observed a 14% increase of the mean global CBF and an 8% increase of middle cerebral artery (MCA) circumference, and glibenclamide did not attenuate levcromakalim-induced vascular changes. Collectively, the findings demonstrate the vital role of KATP channels in cerebrovascular hemodynamic and indicate that glibenclamide does not inhibit the protective effects of KATP channel activation during hypoxia and ischemia-induced brain injury. 相似文献
93.
Janet BW Williams Amy Ellis Arthur Middleton Kenneth A Kobak 《Annals of general psychiatry》2007,6(1):24
Background
While primary care physicians play a pivotal role in the treatment of depression, collaboration between primary care and psychiatry in clinical research has been limited. Primary care settings provide unique opportunities to improve the methodology of psychiatric clinical trials, by providing more generalizable and less treatment-resistant patients. We examined the feasibility of identifying, recruiting, screening and assessing primary care patients for psychiatric clinical trials using high-quality videoconferencing in a mock clinical trial. 相似文献94.
95.
Chronic low back pain in primary care: a prospective study on the management and course 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
BACKGROUND: There is little evidence about the management and course of
chronic low back pain in primary care. OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to describe
the course of chronic low back pain and the performed diagnostic and
therapeutic procedures for patients with chronic low back pain in general
practice. METHODS: Twenty-six GPs involved in the Registration Network
Family Practices participated in this prospective follow-up study. All
patients and GPs were asked to complete questionnaires at baseline and at
4, 8 and 12 months follow-up. RESULTS: The GPs provided information about
diagnostic and therapeutic procedures concerning 524 patients with chronic
low back pain. Diagnostic tests other than history-taking and physical
examination were not frequently used. Medication, mostly NSAIDs, was the
most frequently used type of treatment (21.6%). The most frequent referrals
concerned physiotherapy (16.3%) and neurology or neurologic surgery (6.3%).
Information about the course of their chronic low back pain was provided by
368 patients participating in our study. The course of chronic low back
pain appeared to be quite stable, as there was only a slight improvement in
pain intensity and physical functioning over the 12 months of follow-up.
CONCLUSIONS: A variety of options for the treatment and referral of chronic
low back pain patients is available for and used by GPs. Efforts should be
made to establish which diagnostic and therapeutic procedures are the most
effective for chronic low back pain.
相似文献
96.
The accuracy of single serum progesterone measurement in the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy: a meta-analysis 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:4
Mol BW; Lijmer JG; Ankum WM; van der Veen F; Bossuyt PM 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1998,13(11):3220-3227
Serum progesterone measurement has been advocated as a diagnostic tool in
the non-invasive diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy. To assess the accuracy of
a single serum progesterone measurement in the diagnosis of ectopic
pregnancy, a meta-analysis was performed incorporating 26 studies
evaluating the performance of single serum progesterone measurement in the
diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy. A distinction was made in the diagnosis of
pregnancy failure of any type versus viable intrauterine pregnancy and the
diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy versus non-ectopic pregnancy. The reported
sensitivity and specificity differed between the studies. Since there was a
clear negative correlation between sensitivity and specificity, summary
receiver- operating characteristic (ROC) curves could be estimated. The ROC
curve for the diagnosis of pregnancy failure versus viable intrauterine
pregnancy showed a good discriminative capacity. Single serum progesterone
measurement could not discriminate between ectopic pregnancy and
non-ectopic pregnancy. It is concluded that serum progesterone measurement
can identify patients at risk for ectopic pregnancy, who need further
evaluation, but its discriminative capacity is insufficient to diagnose
ectopic pregnancy with certainty.
相似文献
97.
98.
GT Whiteside JM Dwyer JE Harrison CE Beyer T Cummons L Manzino L Mark GH Johnston BW Strassle A Adedoyin P Lu MJ Piesla CM Pulicicchio JCL Erve BJ Platt ZA Hughes KE Rogers DC Deecher EJ Trybulski JD Kennedy P Zhang L Leventhal 《British journal of pharmacology》2010,160(5):1105-1118
Background and purpose:
Antidepressants, which raise the CNS concentrations of 5-HT and noradrenaline, are frequently used in the treatment of chronic pain; however, it is not known if increasing CNS noradrenaline levels alone is sufficient for efficacy, in part resulting from a lack of small molecules with sufficient selectivity.Experimental approach:
In this report, we present the in vitro pharmacological and in vivo pharmacokinetic and pharmacological properties of the novel, orally available and CNS penetrant inhibitor of the noradrenaline transporter (NET), WAY-318068 (1-[(1S,2R)-1-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-2-hydroxy-3-(methylamino)propyl]-7-fluoro-3,3-dimethyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one).Key results:
WAY-318068 is a potent and effective inhibitor of the NET with a Ki of 8.7 nM in a binding assay, and an IC50 of 6.8 nM in an assay of transporter function, without significant binding to the dopamine transporter. Furthermore, the compound has only weak activity at the 5-HT transporter, leading to a functional selectivity of greater than 2500-fold. It is orally bioavailable with substantial quantities of the compound found in the CNS after oral dosing. As measured by microdialysis in rats, the compound causes a robust and significant increase in cortical noradrenaline levels without affecting 5-HT. WAY-318068 was effective in models of acute, visceral, inflammatory, osteoarthritic, neuropathic, diabetic and bone cancer pain, as well as in traditional models of depression at doses that do not cause motor deficits.Conclusions and implications:
Collectively, the present results support the conclusion that selectively increasing CNS levels of noradrenaline is sufficient for efficacy in models of depression and pain. 相似文献99.
100.
Percutaneous enterostomy with the Cope suture anchor 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2