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排序方式: 共有2535条查询结果,搜索用时 787 毫秒
41.
Bhupal P. Bhetwal Changlong An Salah A. Baker Kristin L. Lyon Brian A. Perrino 《Journal of muscle research and cell motility》2013,34(2):137-149
Diabetic gastroparesis is a common complication of diabetes, adversely affecting quality of life with symptoms of abdominal discomfort, nausea, and vomiting. The pathogenesis of this complex disorder is not well understood, involving abnormalities in the extrinsic and enteric nervous systems, interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs), smooth muscles and immune cells. The ob/ob mouse model of obesity and diabetes develops delayed gastric emptying, providing an animal model for investigating how gastric smooth muscle dysfunction contributes to the pathophysiology of diabetic gastroparesis. Although ROCK2, MYPT1, and CPI-17 activities are reduced in intestinal motility disorders, their functioning has not been investigated in diabetic gastroparesis. We hypothesized that reduced expression and phosphorylation of the myosin light chain phosphatase (MLCP) inhibitory proteins MYPT1 and CPI-17 in ob/ob gastric antrum smooth muscles could contribute to the impaired antrum smooth muscle function of diabetic gastroparesis. Spontaneous and carbachol- and high K+-evoked contractions of gastric antrum smooth muscles from 7 to 12 week old male ob/ob mice were reduced compared to age- and strain-matched controls. There were no differences in spontaneous and agonist-evoked intracellular Ca2+ transients and myosin light chain kinase expression. The F-actin:G-actin ratios were similar. Rho kinase 2 (ROCK2) expression was decreased at both ages. Basal and agonist-evoked MYPT1 and myosin light chain 20 phosphorylation, but not CPI-17 phosphorylation, was reduced compared to age-matched controls. These findings suggest that reduced MLCP inhibition due to decreased ROCK2 phosphorylation of MYPT1 in gastric antrum smooth muscles contributes to the antral dysmotility of diabetic gastroparesis. 相似文献
42.
Mohamed Labib Salem Abdel-Aziz A. Zidan Randa Ezz El-Din El-Naggar Mohamed Attia Saad Mohamed El-Shanshory Usama Bakry Mona Zidan 《Human immunology》2021,82(1):36-45
BackgroundRelapse remains a critical challenge in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The emergence of immunoregulatory cells, including myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and T regulatory (Treg) cells, has been considered one potential mechanism of relapse in children with ALL.AimThis study aimed to address the microRNAs (miRNAs) related to MDSCs and Treg cells and to explore their targeted immunoregulatory pathways.MethodsAffymetrix microarray was used for global miRNA profiling in B-ALL pediatric patients before, during, and after induction of chemotherapy. Bioinformatics analysis was performed on MDSCs and Treg cells-related dysregulated miRNAs, and miR-Pathway analysis was performed to explore their targeted immunoregulatory pathways.Results516 miRNAs were dysregulated in ALL patients as compared to the healthy donor. Among them, 13 miRNAs and 8 miRNAs related to MDSCs and Treg cells, respectively, were common in all patients. Besides, 12 miRNAs were shared between MDSCs and Treg cells; 4 of them were common in all patients. Four immune-related pathways; TNF, TGF-β, FoxO, and Hippo were found implicated.ConclusionOur pilot study concluded certain miRNAs related to MDSCs and Treg cells, these miRNAs were linked to immunoregulatory pathways. Our results open avenues for testing those miRNA as molecular biomarkers for the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. 相似文献
43.
The present study aims to give detailed histomorphological features of the hippocampus of adult male New Zealand rabbits. Both histological and histochemical specimens were prepared to be examined microscopically by using a light microscope. The hippocampus appeared as C-shaped hippocampal proper, dentate gyrus, and subiculum. The hippocampal proper subdivided along its length according to the density and size of its major constituent pyramidal cells into four distinct regions named Cornu Ammonis (CA1, CA2, CA3, and CA4). With the histochemical preparations, each of these regions consisted of five layers, stratum alveolus, stratum oriens, stratum pyramidale, stratum radiatum, and stratum lacunosum-moleculare. The stratum pyramidale constituted the middle dark zone and contained the principal excitatory neurons and a few interneurons. Histochemically, the pyramidal neurons along all regions of the CA reacted positively to Grimelius silver impregnation, lead hematoxylin, Gomori's aldehyde fuchsin, aldehyde thionine, Gomori's chrome alum hematoxylin, and performic acid alcian blue stains. Immunohistochemically, the pyramidal neurons reacted positively to anti-NSE antibodies. The dentate gyrus was formed of three distinct layers. The subiculum was formed of proper subiculum, presubiculum, and parasubiculum. 相似文献
44.
Amr Salah Omar Bassam Shoman Suraj Sudarsanan Yasser Shouman 《World Journal of Virology》2021,10(3):130-136
BACKGROUNDThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, represents a major challenge to health care systems both globally and regionally, with many opting by cancelling elective surgeries. Cardiac operations in patients diagnosed with COVID-19 have been imperative due to their emergency nature, critical condition of patients awaiting cardiac surgery, and accumulated number of cardiac surgical interventions throughout the last months.CASE SUMMARYHere we describe three COVID-19 positive cases who underwent coronary surgery, on an urgent basis. We did not experience worsening of the patients’ clinical condition due to COVID-19 and therefore a routine post-operative chest X-ray (CXR) was not required. None of the health care providers attending the patients endured cross infection. Further trials would be needed in order to confirm these results.CONCLUSIONWhile the pandemic has adversely hit the health systems worldwide, cardiac surgical patients who concomitantly contracted COVID-19 may undergo a smooth post-operative course as a routine post-operative CXR may not be required. 相似文献
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47.
Mohamed I. El-Anwar Salah A. Yousief Tarek A. Soliman Mahmoud M. Saleh Wael S. Omar 《Saudi Dental Journal》2015,27(4):201-207
Objective
This study aimed to evaluate stress patterns generated within implant-supported mandibular overdentures retained by two different attachment types: ball and socket and locator attachments.Materials and methods
Commercial CAD/CAM and finite element analysis software packages were utilized to construct two 3D finite element models for the two attachment types. Unilateral masticatory compressive loads of 50, 100, and 150 N were applied vertically to the overdentures, parallel to the longitudinal axes of the implants. Loads were directed toward the central fossa in the molar region of each overdenture, that linear static analysis was carried out to find the generated stresses and deformation on each part of the studied model.Results
According to FEA results the ball attachment neck is highly stressed in comparison to the locator one. On the other hand mucosa and cortical bone received less stresses under ball and socket attachment.Conclusions
Locator and ball and socket attachments induce equivalent stresses on bone surrounding implants. Locator attachment performance was superior to that of the ball and socket attachment in the implants, nylon caps, and overdenture. Locator attachments are highly recommended and can increase the interval between successive maintenance sessions. 相似文献48.
We report a case of a 17-year-old female patient, who was operated on for choledocal cyst with Roux-en Y hepatojejunostomy. She was admitted to hospital with recurrent attacks of acute ascending cholangitis due to left intrahepatic duct stones. After a failed attempt at conventional endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography through the anatomical route, she was treated successfully with laparoscopy assisted transjejunal endoscopic retrograde cholangiography.Endoscopic access to the biliary system can be difficult in patients with surgically altered anatomy of the upper gastrointestinal tract (GIT), such as Roux-en-Y reconstruction, because of the changed anatomy. However, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is challenging in cases such as our patient;1,2 this is due to the distance needed to be traversed and looping. Our objective in presenting this particular case is to describe and highlight a laparoscopy assisted transjejunal ERCP to permit successful treatment and removal of intrahepatic duct stones in a post Roux-en-Y patient, and to minimize surgical inetervention to reduce unnecessary risks to the patient. 相似文献
49.
AIM: To examine the ability of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CDKI) roscovitine (Rosco) to enhance the antitumor effects of conventional chemotherapeutic agents acting by different mechanisms against human colorectal cancer. METHODS: Human colorectal cancer cells were treated, individually and in combination, with Rosco, taxol, 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), doxorubicine or vinblastine. The antiproliferative effects and the type of interaction of Rosco with tested chemotherapeutic drugs were determined. Cell cycle alterations were investigated by fluorescence-activated cell sorter FACS analysis. Apoptosis was determined by DNA fragmentation assay. RESULTS: Rosco inhibited the proliferation of tumor cells in a time-and dose-dependent manner. The efficacies of all tested chemotherapeutic drugs were markedly enhanced 3.0-8.42 × 10^3 and 130-5.28 × 10^3 fold in combination with 5 and 10 μg/mL Rosco, respectively. The combination of Rosco and chemotherapeutic drugs inhibited the growth of human colorectal cancer cells in an additive or synergistic fashion, and in a time and dose dependent manner. Rosco induced apoptosis and synergized with tested chemotherapeutic drugs to induce efficient apoptosis in human colorectal cancer cells. Sequential, inverted sequential and simultaneous treatment of cancer cells with combinations of chemotherapeutic drugs and Rosco arrested the growth of human colorectal cancer cells at various phases of the cell cycle as follows: Taxol/Rosco (G2/M-and S-phases), 5-FU/Rosco (S-phase), Dox/Rosco (S-phase) and Vinb/Rosco (G2/M-and S-phases). CONCLUSION: Since the eff icacy of many anticancer drugs depends on their ability to induce apoptotic cell death, modulation of this parameter by cell cycle inhibi-tors may provide a novel chemo-preventive and chemo-therapeutic strategy for human colorectal cancer. 相似文献
50.
Optic neuropathy,cardiomyopathy, cognitive disability in patients with a homozygous mutation in the nuclear MTO1 and a mitochondrial MT‐TF variant
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Majida Charif Salah Mohamed Cherif Titah Agathe Roubertie Valérie Desquiret‐Dumas Naig Gueguen Isabelle Meunier Jean Leid Frédéric Massal Xavier Zanlonghi Jacques Mercier Eric Raynaud de Mauverger Vincent Procaccio Bénédicte Mousson de Camaret Guy Lenaers Christian P. Hamel 《American journal of medical genetics. Part A》2015,167(10):2366-2374