Evidence for limited exchange of avian influenza viruses between seaducks and dabbling ducks at Alaska Peninsula coastal lagoons

Avian influenza virus (AIV) prevalence and sequence data were analyzed for Steller’s eiders (Polysticta stelleri) to assess the role of this species in transporting virus genes between continents and maintaining a regional viral reservoir with sympatric northern pintails (Anas acuta). AIV prevalence was 0.2% at Izembek Lagoon and 3.9% at Nelson Lagoon for Steller’s eiders and 11.2% for northern pintails at Izembek Lagoon. Phylogenetic analysis of 13 AIVs from Steller’s eiders revealed that 4.9% of genes were of Eurasian origin. Seven subtypes were detected, including two also observed in northern pintails. No AIV strains were highly similar (> 99%) at all gene segments between species; however, highly similar individual genes were detected. The proportion of highly similar genes was greater within rather than between species. Steller’s eiders likely transport AIV genes between continents through long-distance migratory movements. Differences in AIV prevalence, subtype distribution, and the proportion of highly similar genes suggest limited AIV exchange between Steller’s eiders and northern pintails at Alaska Peninsula coastal lagoons during autumn.     

高效液相色谱法测定消痰咳片的含量

目的：采用反相色谱法同时测定消痰咳片中两种主要成分甲氧苄啶和磺胺体的含量。方法：以乙腈：0.1%H3PO4(15:85)为流动相，检测波长254nm，HPLC法测定含量。结果：试验表明，甲氧苄啶和磺胺林在0.8-8ug范围内呈良好的线性关系，回归方程分别为Y＝－1127.1＋110.2x(r=0.9994),Y=-1852.3 256.2x(r=0.9996),相对标准偏差分别为2.1%和0.8%。结论：该方法简便、准确、可靠。     

5种注射剂的细菌内毒素检查法初步考察

目的：考察５种注射剂盐酸林可霉素注射液，盐酸精氨酸注射液，注射用玻璃酸酶，肝素钠注射液和顺铂注射液的细菌内毒素检查法可行性。方法：中国药典细菌内毒素检查法。结果；除ｄ外，其余原液及稀释液均于有干扰作用。结论：ｄ的原液及ａ的２０倍以上稀释液可用灵敏度为０．５ＥＵ／ｍｌ的鲎试剂作细菌内毒素检查，而ｂ，ｃ和ｅ尚需进一步探讨。     

磁性明胶微球体内分布实验研究

对磁性明胶微球进行了同位素标记。用γ-闪烁照相技术观察了磁性明胶微球在兔体内的分布。结果表明:靶部位的放射活性加磁场是未加磁场的15倍,而且施加磁场时间长和磁场强度大有利于磁性明胶微球定位于靶区。文中也介绍了自行设计的外加磁场装置。     

Chronic daily headache with migrainous features due to papilledema-negative idiopathic intracranial hypertension

Patients with the syndrome of chronic daily headache often report migrainous symptoms and consequently are diagnosed as having a primary headache syndrome. We report two cases of idiopathic intracranial hypertension causing chronic daily headache with migrainous features in the absence of associated papilledema.     

清除骨髓中癌细胞的磁性微球研究 II.聚苯乙烯磁性微球的研制

为制备能用于清除骨髓中癌细胞的磁性微球,首先合成了单分散、大粒径的多孔聚苯乙烯交联微球,借助微球多孔结构对其进行磁化。探讨了影响磁化效果的主要因素。为使其与单抗连接紧密,在微球表面聚合了一层聚丙烯醛膜,使其表面带上易与单抗反应的醛基。同时测定了所制微球的磁响应性。X-射线衍射证明磁性物质为γ-Fe₂O₃。     

A randomized prospective comparison of oral versus intraperitoneal ofloxacin as the primary treatment of CAPD peritonitis

Summary: Oral ofloxacin has been successfully used in our centres for the primary treatment of peritonitis complicating continous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). In view of the progressive rise in the resistance rate to ofloxacin among peritoneal bacterial isolates, a study was conducted to determine if oral ofloxacin remains a viable first line treatment for CAPD peritonitis in our centres and if the result can be improved by changing from an oral to an intraperitoneal (i.p.) route. In patients on three 2 L daily CAPD exchanges, ofloxacin given at the i.p. dosage of 200 mg loading followed by 25 mg/L of peritoneal dialysate achieved overnight trough peritoneal levels which are at least four times the minimal 90% inhibitory concentration (MIC90) of most bacterial pathogens without significant accumulation in the systemic circulation. This i.p. dosage was therefore chosen for the clinical study and the result was compared to that using ofloxacin given in the oral dosage of 400 mg loading followed by 300 mg once daily as maintenance. of all the recruited episodes, 35 were eligible for analysis. the overall primary cure rate including primary failures and relapses was 55.6% (10/18) in the oral treatment group and 70.6% (12/17) in the i.p. treatment group. the corresponding figures for gram positive bacterial (g +) infections were 36.4% and 50%, for gram negative bacterial (g -) infections were 66.7 and 80% and for culture negative infections were 75 and 80%. In culture positive cases, all treatment failures were due to resistant infections which were observed in 42.3% of all bacterial isolates, 47.1% of g + isolates and 33.3% of g - isolates. Due to the high background level of bacterial resistance among our CAPD population, ofloxacin monotherapy given either by the oral or the i.p. route can no longer be recommended for the primary treatment of CAPD peritonitis.