β-环糊精流动相和手性配位交换HPLC法分离药物对映体

目的:为生物样品手性药物对照体的分离测定建立手性流动相添加剂HPLC,方法:以β-环糊精和手性配位交换剂为流动相添加剂,分离测定了生物样品中羟基苯妥英、美芬妥英、叔丁喘安、氯噻酮、氧氟沙星等5种手性药物对映体.结果:测得结果各对映体之间均能得到较好的分离.以β-环糊精为流动相添加剂法测得4种手性药物对映体的分离度(R)在1.10～1.86之间,各对映体的理论板数(n)在1642～2022之间.以手性配位交换法测得氧氟沙星两对映体的R为2.10,n为2560和 2600.并于制备柱上分离获得两对映体的纯品.结论:本法无需特殊设备,可在常规高效液相仪上进行手性药物的分离测定,操作简便、手性添加剂的种类多,适用范围广、便于推广     

Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes: An update

The global prevalence of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is rising, along with the epidemic of diabesity. NAFLD is present in >70% of individuals with type 2 diabetes. Although the mutually detrimental relationship between NAFLD and type 2 diabetes has been well established, a multitude of recent studies have further shown that type 2 diabetes is closely linked to the development of cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, liver‐related morbidity and mortality. In contrast, NAFLD also negatively impacts type 2 diabetes both in terms of its incidence and related adverse clinical outcomes, including cardiovascular and chronic kidney diseases. In response to these global health threats, clinical care pathways for NAFLD and guidelines for metabolic dysfunction‐associated fatty liver disease have been developed. Several antidiabetic agents have been evaluated for their potential hepatic benefits with promising results. Furthermore, type 2 diabetes patients are increasingly represented in clinical trials of novel therapeutics for NAFLD. However, despite the wealth of knowledge in NAFLD and type 2 diabetes, lack of awareness of the disease and the potential weight of this problem remains a major challenge, especially among clinicians who are outside the field of hepatology and gastroenterology. This review therefore aimed to provide all diabetes care providers with a summary of the latest evidence that supports NAFLD as an emerging diabetic complication of increasing importance, and to present the current recommendations, focusing on the assessment and therapeutic strategies, on the management of NAFLD among type 2 diabetes patients.