L’entorse grave ouverte de la cheville chez le sportif. À propos d’un cas

Severe ankle sprain is frequent in daily practice but the association with a skin opening is exceptional.We report a rare case of severe open ankle sprain in athlete. The mechanism of the injury is reminded with a review of the literature.     

Gas-phase UV absorption spectra and OH-oxidation kinetics of 1H-1,2,3-triazole and pyrazole

In this work, we report the gas phase UV absorption spectra and the kinetics of the OH-oxidation of 1H-1,2,3-triazole and pyrazole. UV spectra were determined between 200 and 250 nm, at 350 ± 2 K and at pressures between 0.09 and 0.3 Torr. The reported maximal UV absorption cross sections are (cm² per molecule): σ_{206 nm, 1H–1H-1,2,3-triazole} = 2.04 × 10⁻¹⁸ and σ_{203 nm, pyrazole} = 5.44 × 10⁻¹⁸. The very low absorption capacity of these compounds beyond 240 nm indicates that their atmospheric photodissociation is negligible. The OH-oxidation of these species was performed in an atmospheric simulation chamber coupled to an FTIR spectrometer and to a GC/MS over the temperature range 298–357 K and at atmospheric pressure. Experiments were conducted in relative mode using benzaldehyde, trans-2-hexenal and heptane as references. The obtained rate constants at 298 K were (×10⁻¹¹ cm³ per molecule per s): k(OH + 1H-1,2,3-triazole) = 2.16 ± 0.41; k(OH + pyrazole) = 2.94 ± 0.42. These results were compared to those available in the literature and discussed in terms of structure-reactivity and temperature dependency. Their tropospheric lifetimes with respect to reaction with OH radicals were then estimated.

In this work, we report the gas phase UV absorption spectra and the kinetics of the OH-oxidation of 1H-1,2,3-triazole and pyrazole.     

Minimal invasive pocket technique for magnet bone implant hearing aid without fixation

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - The BAHA (bone-anchored hearing aid) Attract is a magnetic transcutaneous bone conduction device anchored into the temporal bone. The standard surgical...     

Effect of Aqueous Cinnamon Extract on the Postprandial Glycemia Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Cinnamon is a spice used in traditional cuisine that has been investigated due to hypoglycemic properties. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of aqueous cinnamon extract on postprandial glycemia levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) adults. This clinical trial enrolled 36 adults with DM2, randomly allocated in two groups: the control group (n = 18) took only an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and the intervention group (n = 18) took OGTT immediately followed by aqueous cinnamon extract (6 g/100 mL) ingestion. Blood glucose levels were measured on fasting and after 30, 60, 90 and 120 min in both groups. The chemical analysis of the aqueous cinnamon extract included total phenols content determination and antioxidant activity assessment through FRAP and DPPH methods. The data reveal that aqueous cinnamon extract ingestion did not show a significant difference in the incremental area under the curve (p = 0.834), maximum glucose concentration (p = 0.527) and glucose concentration variation (p = 0.873) compared with the control group. Cinnamon extract possess a total phenol content of 1554.9 mg/L gallic acid equivalent and a strong antioxidant capacity, revealed by the DPPH (5125.0 µmol Trolox/L) and FRAP (3658.8 µmol Trolox/L) tests. Aqueous cinnamon extract did not significantly influence postprandial glucose response in diabetic patients during an OGTT.     

Protective effect of locally applied carvacrol gel on ligature‐induced periodontitis in rats: a tapping mode AFM study

The aims of this study were to test a locally applied carvacrol gel and determine its efficacy preventing alveolar bone loss in experimental periodontitis in rats by regular methodology to validate applicability the atomic force microscopy (AFM) as a novel morphology method on this model. Wistar rats were subjected to ligature around second, upper‐left molars. Animals were treated carvacrol gel topically (CAG), immediately after Experimental Periodontitis Disease induction for 1′ three‐times/day for 11 days. A vehicle gel was utilized as control. The periodontium and the surrounding gingivae were examined at regular histopathology and by AFM method; the neutrophil influx into the gingivae was also assayed using myeloperoxidase activity. The bacterial flora was assessed through culture of the gingival tissue. Alveolar bone loss was significantly inhibited by CAG group compared to the Vehicle (V) group, the carvacrol gel treatment reduced tissue lesion at histopathology, with preservation of the periodontium, coupled to decreased myeloperoxidase activity in gingival tissue and also prevented the proliferation of periodontal microorganisms and the weight loss. The GAC treatment preserved alveolar bone resorption and showed anti‐inflammatory and antibacterial activities in experimental periodontitis. Topographical changes in histological sections were seen bringing into high relief the periodontal structures, being a simple and cost‐effective method for periodontal evaluation with ultrastructural resolution. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Leptomeningeal Myeloma As the Sole Manifestation of Relapse: An Unusual Presentation

We report a case of a 57-year-old African American male patient with standard risk (IIIA) IgA kappa multiple myeloma. This patient presented with neurologic complaints (manifesting as generalized muscle weakness and swallowing dysfunction associated with a poor cough reflex) 10 months after achieving a very good partial remission and without evidence of systemic progression. Examination of the cerebrospinal fluid revealed leptomeningeal involvement. Very little is known about the mechanisms of myelomatous spread to the leptomeninges, a very rare event, and the presentation of this case could raise awareness of this rare complication in those involved in caring for patients with multiple myeloma.     

New analysis of the toxic compounds from the Androctonus mauretanicus mauretanicus scorpion venom

Scorpion venoms are very complex mixtures of molecules, most of which are peptides displaying different kinds of biological activity. Indeed, these peptides specifically bind to a variety of pharmacological targets, in particular ionic channels located in prey tissues, resulting in neurotoxic effects. Toxins modulating Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Cl(-) currents have been described in scorpion venoms. In this work, we have used several specific antibodies raised against the most lethal scorpion toxins already described to screen the Moroccan scorpion Androctonus mauretanicus mauretanicus venom in order to characterize new compounds. This immunological screening was also implemented by toxicity tests in mice and with mass spectrometry study, providing new informations on the molecular composition of this venom. In fine, we were able to determine the molecular masses of 70-80 different compounds. According to the immunological data obtained, many toxins cross-react with three sera raised against the most lethal alpha-toxins found in North African scorpion venoms, but not at all with those raised against the main beta-toxins from South and North American venoms. Some of the previously described toxins from Androctonus mauretanicus mauretanicus venom could thus be detected by combining immunological tests, toxicity in mice and molecular masses. Among these toxins, one of them, which showed a mild cross-reaction with the serum raised against AaH I (a highly potent toxin from the venom of Androctonus australis), was identified as Amm III and fully sequenced.