Perceptions regarding preventive sexual practices and communication with sexual partners among Chinese college students

PURPOSE: To assess the relation between Chinese college students' perceptions and attitudes regarding preventive sexual behaviors, their sexual knowledge, and their use of protective sexual behaviors. METHODS: A subsample of 133 sexually active college students (18-25 years old) was obtained to identify factors related to protective sexual behaviors (e.g., knowledge of partner's sexual history, condom use). RESULTS: Seventy-five percent of the sexually active students were male. Significantly more females had discussed AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) issues with their partners and had asked their partners about their sexual histories than males. Students endorsing the use of preventive behaviors were more likely to have discussed AIDS issues with their partners, used condoms, and known their partner's sexual history. CONCLUSIONS: Student perceptions about preventive behaviors have a significant impact on their knowledge of their sexual partners and their own sexual behaviors. These findings, as well as the presence of significant gender differences in perceptions and communications with their partners, have major implications for risk reduction programs.     

Intranasal immunization with inactivated SARS-CoV (SARS-associated coronavirus) induced local and serum antibodies in mice

SARS-CoV (severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus) strain GZ50 was partially purified and inactivated with 1:2000 formaldehyde. In cell culture the inactivated virus blocked the replication of live virus by decreasing the TCID(5.0) of the live virus 10(3.6) to 10(4.6) times. Inactivated GZ50 was used to immunize mice intranasally either alone, or after precipitation with polyethylene glycol (PEG), or with CpG, or CTB as an adjuvant. The titer of serum neutralizing antibodies was up to 1:640. In mice immunized with adjuvants or PEG precipitated GZ50, specific IgA was detected in tracheal-lung wash fluid by immunofluorescence. Though serum antibodies were detected, no anti-SARS-IgA could be detected in mice immunized only with inactivated GZ50. The roles of adjuvants in intranasal immunization with inactivated. SARS-CoV is discussed.     

Bronchial artery embolization in the management of hemoptysis: technical aspects and long-term results

Seventy-five patients with hemoptysis were treated with bronchial artery embolization (BAE). The procedure was performed with Hexabrix (sodium methylglucamine ioxaglate), Mikaelson catheters, and Gelfoam particles. Angiographic evaluation of the bronchial artery anatomy revealed ten different configurations, which are described. The embolization attempt failed in three cases (4%); eight additional patients (10.7%) were excluded from the series because of inadequate data. In the remaining 64 patients, 41 underwent BAE alone and 23 underwent either chemotherapy or surgery in addition to embolization. Immediate control of hemoptysis was achieved in 49 of 64 patients (76.6%). Long-term control of hemoptysis was achieved in 46 of the 56 patients included in the long-term follow-up (82.1%). Eight of the 64 patients were lost to follow-up, which ranged from one to 47 months (mean 24.8 months). Hemoptysis recurred in 12 of 56 patients (severe in 10, mild in 2) (21.4%). Twelve patients died (21.4%), five of them due to hemoptysis (8.9%). None of the patients who died of hemoptysis had responded to initial BAE. It is concluded that BAE is an effective treatment for immediate control of life-threatening hemoptysis, allowing long-term control of bleeding in the majority of patients.     

正交试验法优化参芪解郁处方提取工艺

目的：优化参芪解郁处方的提取工艺。方法：用高效液相色谱（High Performance Liquid Chromatography, HPLC）法测定参芪解郁方传统汤剂以及颗粒剂中橙皮苷的含量,以煎煮时间、煎煮次数和加水量为考察因素,采用L9(34)正交试验确定最佳提取条件。结果：参芪解郁处方传统汤剂中橙皮苷含量显著高于颗粒剂中橙皮苷含量;汤剂中对橙皮苷提取量影响顺序为煎煮次数> 煎煮时间> 加水量,其中煎煮次数有显著性差异;参芪解郁方最佳煎煮条件为煎煮3次,煎煮0.5小时,加水量7倍。结论：参芪解郁方高效液相分析方法为该 方的定量方法;优选的参芪解郁方煎煮工艺稳定,提取率高。     

右旋柠烯对实验性乳腺增生症的影响

目的:观察右旋柠烯(d-limonene, DL)对大鼠乳腺增生及血雌激素和孕激素水平的影响.方法:苯甲酸雌二醇-黄体酮注射复制乳腺增生模型;HE染色观测乳腺组织学改变;放射免疫法检测血雌激素和孕激素水平.结果:右旋柠烯低、中、高剂量均能减少大鼠乳腺小叶数(9.20±2.32、6.90±1.20、6.10±1.37)、小叶腺泡数(8.20±1.75、6.10±2.23、5.10±1.52)和导管上皮层数(5.30±0.95、4.50±1.27、3.10±0.99),与模型组(分别为10.00±1.54、12.91±3.88和6.17±1.59)比较有显著性差异(P<0.01).右旋柠烯高、中剂量亦能降低血雌激素水平(28.35±2.16、25.17±1.25),提高孕激素水平(33.84±2.23、35.39±2.20),与模型组(分别为32.63±0.93, 31.77±1.48)比较差异显著(P<0.01),且对雌激素水平的影响有明显的量效关系.结论:右旋柠烯可抑制大鼠乳腺增生,降低血清雌激素水平、提高孕激素水平可能为其作用机制.     

狗皮膏(改进型)质量标准研究

目的:修订提高狗皮膏(改进型)的质量标准。方法:用薄层色谱法对狗皮膏(改进型)中当归进行定性鉴别;用气相色谱法对狗皮膏(改进型)中冰片、薄荷脑及水杨酸甲酯进行定性鉴别,并测定处方中冰片、薄荷脑及樟脑的含量;用高效液相色谱法测定处方中盐酸苯海拉明的含量。结果:当归的薄层色谱鉴别斑点清晰,重现性好,无干扰;龙脑在0.03~0.26μg,薄荷脑在0.07~0.71μg,樟脑在0.05~0.46μg,盐酸苯海拉明在0.56~5.59μg范围内线性关系良好,各成分平均回收率分别为99.74%(龙脑)、99.10%(薄荷脑)、99.08%(樟脑)、96.95%(盐酸苯海拉明)。结论:修订后的质量标准简便易行,可有效控制狗皮膏(改进型)的质量。     

Tumor-specific novel taxoid-monoclonal antibody conjugates

Taxoids bearing methyldisulfanyl(alkanoyl) groups for taxoid-antibody immunoconjugates were designed, synthesized and their activities evaluated. A highly cytotoxic C-10 methyldisulfanylpropanoyl taxoid was conjugated to monoclonal antibodies recognizing the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expressed in human squamous cancers. These conjugates were shown to possess remarkable target-specific antitumor activity in vivo against EGFR-expressing A431 tumor xenografts in severe combined immune deficiency mice, resulting in complete inhibition of tumor growth in all the treated mice.     

壳聚糖的修饰方法及应用

目的:详述近些年国内外关于壳聚糖改性的制备方法,为更好的改善壳聚糖的水溶性提供更多、更有效的理论支撑。同时阐述壳聚糖在医药行业的广泛应用。方法:通过查阅国内外关于壳聚糖的文献,综述近年来国内外关于壳聚糖的研究进展。结果:壳聚糖改性后可以提高其水溶性,拓宽其应用领域。结论:初步概括了壳聚糖的修饰方法和实际应用。为充分挖掘和发挥壳聚糖的潜在价值、深入研究和开发应用提供参考。     

重庆黄连种植土壤中酚酸类物质累积与消减规律的研究

目的：建立黄连种植土壤中酚酸类物质的分析方法,探索其累积与消减规律。方法：采用FeCl₃-K₃[Fe(CN)₆]比色法测定黄连种植土壤中总酚酸的含量,采用HPLC法测定黄连种植基地土壤中阿魏酸的含量。结果：测得黄连种植基地土壤中总酚酸含量约0.545-2.026 mg·100g^-1 在范围内,阿魏酸含量在0.139-0.652 μ g·100g^-1范围内。结论：黄连种植土壤中酚酸含量变化规律明显,栽培过程中随黄连生长年限的增加,连地土壤中总酚酸与阿魏酸的含量均表现为增加,采收黄连后的休地过程中,土壤中总酚酸与阿魏酸的含量均呈现递减趋势,该变化趋势可为黄连连作障碍研究机制与解决方法研究提供了参考。