HPLC分离测定格列齐特片及其有关物质

目的：建立新的HPLC法分离测定格列齐特征及其有关物质。方法：色谱条件为：Shim-Pack VP-ODS(5um,150mm*4.6mm i.d.)色谱柱;甲醇－0．02mol/L磷酸（用三乙胺调节PH至3．5）,（70：30）为流动相;检测波长为229nm。结果：在50－300ug;/ml的浓度范围内线性关系良好。r=0.9999(n=6);平均回收率为100．5％,RSD为0．17％（n=6),重复进样RSD为0．12％（n=6),格列齐特及其有关物质得到基线分离。结论：本法简便,快速,准确,适用于格列齐特及其制剂的质量控制。     

Induction Of Endothelin-1 Expression By Glucose: An Effect Of Protein Kinase C Activation

Enhanced actions or levels of endothelin-1 (ET-1), a potent vasoconstrictor, have been associated with decreased blood flow in the retina and peripheral nerves of diabetic animals and may be related to the development of pathologies in these tissues. Hyperglycemia has been postulated to increase ET-1 secretion in endothelial cells. We have characterized the mechanism by which elevation of glucose is increasing ET-1 mRNA expression in capillary bovine retinal endothelial cells (BREC) and bovine retinal pericytes (BRPC). Elevation of glucose, but not mannitol, from 5.5 to 25 mmol/l for 3 days increased membranous protein kinase C (PKC) activities and ET-1 mRNA in parallel levels by 2-fold in BREC and BRPC. These effects were reversed by decreasing glucose levels to 5.5 mmol/l for an additional 2 days. Glucose-induced ET-1 overexpression was inhibited by a general PKC inhibitor, GF109203X, and a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase inhibitor, PD98059, but not by wortmannin, a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor. By immunoblot analysis, PKC-beta 2 and -delta isoforms in BREC were significantly increased relative to other isoforms in the membranous fractions when glucose level was increased. Overexpression of PKC-beta 1 and -delta isoforms but not PKC-zeta isoform by adenovirus vectors containing the respective cDNA enhanced in parallel PKC activities, proteins, and basal and glucose-induced ET-1 mRNA expression by at least 2-fold. These results showed that enhanced ET-1 expression induced by hyperglycemia in diabetes is partly due to activation of PKC-beta and -delta isoforms, suggesting that inhibition of these PKC isoforms may prevent early changes in diabetic retinopathy and neuropathy.     

MRI evaluation of the levator ani muscle: anatomic correlations and practical applications

Summary A comparative study of serial anatomic sections in the transverse, frontal and sagittal planes with corresponding MRI sections of the pelvis allowed the authors to define the most suitable sectional planes and MRI modes for a morphologic study of the levator ani muscle. This study shows the value of MRI examination in the assessment of anorectal malformations.

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Les muscles elevateurs de l'anus en IRM. Corrélations anatomiques et applications pratiques

Résumé A partir de l'étude comparative de coupes anatomiques dans les plans transversal, frontal, sagittal et des coupes IRM correspondantes du petit bassin, les auteurs déterminent quels sont les plans de coupe et les modes IRM les plus performants pour l'étude morphologique des muscles élévateurs de l'anus. Cette étude montre l'intérêt de l'examen IRM dans le bilan des malformations ano-rectales opérées.

     

直流电导入丹参合剂离子的实验研究

本文用直流电将丹参合剂离子导入大白鼠体内，用分光光度法测定皮层内原儿茶醛的导入量，证实了丹参水溶性酚酸类成分可通过直流电作用进入大白鼠皮层组织。为中药离子导入疗法，提供了理论依据。     

银耳多糖对小鼠脾细胞内游离钙离子浓度的影响

为进一步探讨银耳多糖(TP)免疫调节作用的机制,建立了特异性荧光探针Fura-2测定脾细胞内游离钙离子浓度的方法,观察TP对脾细胞内游离钙离子浓度的影响。结果表明,TP在一定剂量范围内可以剂量依赖方式增加脾细胞内游离钙离子的浓度,并与ConA有协同作用。在外钙为零时,TP对内钙释放无影响,钙通道阻断剂维拉帕米(verapamil 10μg·mL^-1)可阻断TP升高脾细胞内游离钙离子浓度的作用。     

模式识别方法在胃癌普查中的应用

收集114例胃癌病例、60例慢性胃病病例和25例正常对照者,选择胃癌流行病学与病因学上有关指标及临床体征、大便隐血等61项因素,根据模式识别原理建立程序在计算机上经自学后建立识别系数,并对146例胃癌、170例胃病、92例正常人进行判别,其符合率分别为89%、55.3%和90.2%,均较单纯应用线性回归筛选为高。结合线性回归方法对本市某厂1108名职工普查筛选出“阳性”者79人,全部经胃镜检查并作活检,发现1例早期胃癌,29例萎缩性胃炎(5例伴有不典型增生),3例胃息肉,其余为不同程度的浅表性胃炎,胃癌普查检出率为0.9‰。     

Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Gastric Cancer: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study

BackgroundAlcohol consumption is a potential risk factor for gastric cancer. However, findings from cohort studies that examined the relationship between alcohol consumption and gastric cancer risk among Japanese population are not conclusive.MethodsA total of 54,682 Japanese men and women participating in the Japan Collaborative Cohort study completed a questionnaire, including alcohol consumption information. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsAfter a median 13.4-year follow-up, we documented 801 men and 466 women incident cases of gastric cancer. Alcohol consumption was associated with increased risk of gastric cancer among men (HRs in ex-drinkers and current alcohol consumption of <23 g, 23–<46 g, 46–<69 g, and ≥69 g/d categories versus never drinkers were 1.82; 95% CI, 1.38–2.42, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.10–1.80, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.17–1.85, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.48–2.38, and 1.85; 95% CI, 1.35–2.53, respectively, and that for 10 g increment of alcohol consumption after excluding ex-drinkers was 1.07; 95% CI, 1.04–1.10). The association in men was observed for cardia and non-cardia gastric cancer (HRs in the highest alcohol consumption category versus never drinkers were 9.96; 95% CI, 2.22–44.67 for cardia cancer and 2.40; 95% CI, 1.64–3.52 for non-cardia cancer). However, no such trend was observed in women.ConclusionsAlcohol consumption is associated with increased risk of gastric cancer among Japanese men, regardless of anatomical subsite of the cancer.Key words: gastric cancer, alcohol, JACC study     

The FGF14(F145S) mutation disrupts the interaction of FGF14 with voltage-gated Na+ channels and impairs neuronal excitability

Fibroblast growth factor 14 (FGF14) belongs to the intracellular FGF homologous factor subfamily of FGF proteins (iFGFs) that are not secreted and do not activate tyrosine kinase receptors. The iFGFs, however, have been shown to interact with the pore-forming (alpha) subunits of voltage-gated Na+ (Na(v)) channels. The neurological phenotypes seen in Fgf14-/- mice and the identification of an FGF14 missense mutation (FGF14(F145S)) in a Dutch family presenting with cognitive impairment and spinocerebellar ataxia suggest links between FGF14 and neuronal functioning. Here, we demonstrate that the expression of FGF14(F145S) reduces Na(v) alpha subunit expression at the axon initial segment, attenuates Na(v) channel currents, and reduces the excitability of hippocampal neurons. In addition, and in contrast with wild-type FGF14, FGF14(F145S) does not interact directly with Na(v) channel alpha subunits. Rather, FGF14(F145S) associates with wild-type FGF14 and disrupts the interaction between wild-type FGF14 and Na(v) alpha subunits, suggesting that the mutant FGF14(F145S) protein acts as a dominant negative, interfering with the interaction between wild-type FGF14 and Na(v) channel alpha subunits and altering neuronal excitability.     

雷酚内酯的结构修正

雷公藤别名黄藤,系卫矛科植物雷公藤(Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.f.)。其根有舒筋活血,祛风湿,消肿止痛的功效,多用于类风湿关节炎的治疗。根皮中含有生物碱、甙、萜以及其它成分,其中多种二萜内酯成分有抗肿瘤活性和免疫