人工耳蜗植入术后植入电极的影像学检查

目的 探讨建立螺旋CT扫描及三维重建技术观察人工耳蜗植入电极方法，并比较X线摄片方法与螺旋CT扫描三维重建方法的耳蜗内电极的影像学特征及其临床应用价值。方法 18例人工耳蜗植入患者全部作术后X线摄片检查。其中9例用经眼眶前后位摄片，9例采用侧斜位60。摄片。3例患者施行术后螺旋CT扫描及内耳三维重建方法。结果 2种投射头位的X线摄片均可显示电极形态及单个电极对，可间接判断电极在耳蜗内的植入深度。螺旋CT扫描三维重建图可直观地显示耳蜗形态、电极形态及其在耳蜗内植入的深度，可清晰识别单个电极对。结论 螺旋CT扫描三维重建方法可直观观察植入电极的形态及位置，可准确判断电极在耳蜗内植入的深度，有其独特的临床应用价值。     

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor165-regulated Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cell Lines Invasion and Migration Involve Expression and Activation of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2

The effect of vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） overexpression on matrix metalloproteinase-2 （MMP-2） in nasopharyngeal carcinoma （NPC） cells in vitro and the possible mechanism involved were investigated, and the correlation between the expression of VEGF and MMP-2 in NPC evaluated. The NPC cells were transfected with PAd-trackVEGF165 plasmid. The expression levels of VEGF and MMP-2 mRNA and protein in NPC cells were detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot respectively. It was found that the expression of VEGF and MMP-2 mRNA and protein was significantly increased in NPC cells after transfection of VEGF 165. It was concluded that the expression of VEGF was correlated to the in vitro invasion of NPC cells, and the induction of MMP-2 by VEGF was a key process of NPC cell invasion.     

逍遥散加减方对慢性疲劳综合征(CFS)患者情绪状态及淋巴细胞凋亡的影响

目的研究CFS与患者情绪状态及外周血淋巴细胞凋亡的关系。方法采用治疗前后对照研究。结果CFS组治疗前情绪各状态明显高于健康对照组(P<0.05);逍遥散加减方治疗后CFS患者各种情绪及疲劳因子明显低于治疗前(P<0.01);CFS组治疗前淋巴细胞凋亡率明显高于健康对照组(P<0.01);逍遥散加减方治疗后CFS患者外周血淋巴细胞凋亡率明显低于治疗前(P<0.05);CFS组治疗前淋巴细胞中bcl-2表达明显高于健康对照组(P<0.01);逍遥散加减方治疗后CFS患者外周血淋巴细胞中bcl-2表达明显低于治疗前(P<0.05)。结论CFS的发病过程存在着细胞凋亡,而且中药有调节作用。     

Functional localization of epileptic foci in cats using manganeseenhanced MRI

Objective： To determine the encephalic region correlated with epilepsy by manganese-enhanced MRI （MEMRI） and determine the correlation of epilepsy with calcium overloading. Methods： The cats were divided into two groups. The first group underwent EEG examination and ethological observation. The second group underwent MEMRI measurement. Signal enhanced encephalic regions were sectioned. Results： The achievement ratio of convulsive cats intramusclelarly injected with PTZ was 80%. MEMRI showed diffuse signal enhancement in the cerebral cortex of the cats with generalized tonic-clonic convulsive seizures compared with control animals. The enhancement rate of frontal-parietal-occipital lobe was 34.6% and 22.9% in temporl lobe compared with the control groups. Signal enhancement on frontal-parietal lobe persisted for 24 h after epileptic seizures were induced. The neurons of enhanced encephalic regions showed obvious degeneration and necrosis. Conclusion： Seizures can be induced in cats by intramuscular injection of PTZ （55 mg/kg）. Frontal-parietal lobe is the correlated encephalic regions of epilepsy. MEMRI plays an important role in localizing and revealing pathogenesis of epileptic seizures.     

强直性脊柱炎并骨质疏松97例临床观察

研究强直性脊柱炎(AS)骨质疏松和骨量减少的发生情况、相关因素及与骨代谢指标的关系.选97例AS患者作为观察组,分别检测其血沉(ESR)、C-反应蛋白(CBP)、HLA-B27、血钙(Ca)、血磷(P)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP),并进行全身疼痛评分、中医症状积分评定和晨僵时间、BATH功能指数(BASFI)、病情活动指数(BASDI)、颌柄距、指地距、枕墙距、Schober试验、胸阔活动度、脊柱活动度;用双能X线法(DEXA)测定腰椎、股骨颈、股骨转子部、Ward's三角区骨密度(BMD),检测骨钙素(BGP)、降钙素(H-CT)、甲状旁腺激素(PTH);42例检测了尿脱氧吡啶啉(D-Pyr).选102名健康人作为对照组,分别测定其腰椎、股骨颈、股骨转子部、Ward's三角区骨密度(BMD),31例检测了BGP、PTH、D-Pyr、Ca、P、ALP.结果AS患者发生骨质疏松者42例(42.27%),骨量减少者36例(37.11%);AS患者BGP较对照组显著降低,并与腰椎、股骨近端BMD呈正相关.PTH、尿D-Pyr较对照组显著增高,并与股骨近端BMD呈负相关.AS患者中急时相反应物ESR与腰椎、股骨近端BMD呈显著负相关,CBP与AS患者腰椎、股骨颈、三角BMD呈显著负相关,ESR、CRP与尿D-Pyr呈显著的正相关.腰椎BMD与全身疼痛评分、中轴关节压痛指数呈负相关性,股骨近端BMD与指地距、BASFI、BASDAI呈显著负相关,与Schober试验、脊柱活动度呈显著正相关.AS患者的腰椎BMD与HLA-B27显示了负相关性.表明骨质疏松或骨量减少在AS中普遍存在,其发生与遗传、废用、免疫炎症等因素相关.AS患者骨代谢的失衡以骨生成的减少、骨吸收的增加为特点;PTH的增高及免疫炎性反应与AS患者骨吸收的增加有关.     

氯化钴诱导PC12细胞凋亡的分子机制

目的确定氯化钴(CoCl2)诱导PC12细胞凋亡的分子机制。方法500μmolLCoCl2诱导PC12细胞24h后,检测活性氧(ROS)生成量的变化以及抗氧化剂N乙酰半胱氨酸(NAC)、二硫代苏糖醇(DTT)对细胞存活率和ROS生成量的影响;琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测NAC、DTT对CoCl2诱导PC12细胞DNA片段化的影响;利用RTPCR法检测凋亡相关基因bclxl和bax在PC12细胞调亡过程中的表达及NAC、DTT对基因表达的影响;化学发光法检测NAC、DTT对Caspase3表达的作用。结果在CoCl2诱导PC12细胞凋亡中,ROS生成量明显上升,为正常时的2.92倍;NAC、DTT可提高细胞存活率,由53.1%上升为94.8%和92.3%(P<0.01),并有效抑制ROS的生成,为正常时的24.2%和82.1%(P<0.01);同时抑制DNA片段化的发生。bclxl在细胞凋亡过程中表达明显下降,bax表达无明显变化;NAC和DTT可使bclxl的表达明显上升。Caspase3在细胞凋亡中被激活,NAC、DTT可抑制Caspase3的表达(P<0.01)。结论ROS介导了CoCl2诱导的PC12细胞凋亡,这一过程与抑制bclxl表达,激活Caspase3有关。     

舌下含服米索前列醇配伍米非司酮在终止早孕中的应用

目的 :探讨舌下含服米索前列醇配伍米非司酮用于早孕流产的可行性、安全性及有效性。方法 :将孕周在 7wk内的孕妇随机分为舌下组、口服组各 12 0例。 2组均经米非司酮预治疗后 ,舌下组含服米索前列醇 2 0 0 μg ,1h后重复 ,总量不超过6 0 0 μg ;口服组单次口服米索前列醇 6 0 0 μg。 结果 :舌下组完全流产率比口服组高 ,清宫率比口服组低 (P均 <0 0 1) ,引 -流时间缩短 (P <0 0 1) ,阴道流血及药物不良反应两者无明显差异。结论 :舌下组终止早孕具有简便、有效 ,引 -流时间短等优点     

肾移植术后肺孢子菌肺炎感染与CD4细胞计数的相关性

目的 分析肺孢子菌肺炎感染与CD4细胞计数的相关性。方法 对武汉大学人民医院器官移植科2019年4月至2020年3月收治的134例肾移植术后1年内患者,其中54例患者确诊感染肺孢子菌肺炎,检测CD4细胞数量。分析肺孢子菌肺炎发病率与CD4细胞计数是否具有相关性,再根据CD4细胞计数分成3组,以t检验分别分析两组患者的住院天数、吸氧天数、肺部炎症吸收天数等相关指标,探究CD4细胞计数与肺孢子菌肺炎转归与预后之间的关系。结果 134例病例中有53例患者感染肺孢子菌肺炎,3组患病率分别0.237、0.720、0.813。根据分组分别用住院时间、吸氧时间、病灶吸收时间两两进行t检验,P值分别为0.667、0.517、0.779、0.335、0.863、0.150、0.404、0.139、0.405。结果显示均无统计学差异。结论 在肾移植患者术后,肺孢子菌肺炎的发病率随着CD4细胞计数的减少而上升,但CD4细胞计数与疾病预后没有明显关联。     

Selenium substituted axitinib reduces axitinib side effects and maintains its anti-renal tumor activity

Axitinib is a potent vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) inhibitor, which has a strong inhibitory effect on the three isoforms of VEGFR 1–3. Having strong therapeutic efficacy, its broad use is limited by its side effects such as hypertension, proteinuria, cardiovascular damage, and liver and kidney dysfunction. Selenium compounds are broadly reported to have a good protective effect on cardiovascular disease, inflammation, infection, and immune function. In this study, a selenium substitute of axitinib was synthesized, and its anti-renal cell carcinoma activity and side effects were investigated. The results of the study indicated that Se-axitinib had potent antitumor activity on renal cell carcinoma (RCC), alleviated vascular hyperpermeability, and also alleviated axitinib-related side effects including hypertension, liver dysfunction and kidney dysfunction significantly. Therefore, we suggest that Se-axitinib could be a solution to the severe side effects of VEGFR inhibitors and provide evidence to improve the outcome of RCC treatment.

Se-axitinib is a selenium substitution of sulfur in axitinib, which reduced the side effect of VEGFR inhibitors and maintained the potent anticancer activity of the original drug.