鼻分泌物及皮肤组织中麻风菌及其PGL-1抗原的检测

为了更好地理解麻风菌鼻携带在麻风病传播、维持中的作用，以及运用鼻携带检测来评价麻风病防治效果，比较了PCR和Dot-ELISA／ECL平行检测32例活动性麻风患者、13例愈后者和143名麻风家内接触者鼻分泌物及皮肤组织中的麻风菌及其PGL-1抗原。结果显示，Dot-ELISA／ECL具有较好的敏感性、特异性，是一项适用于现场研究的简便、快速、经济的麻风流行病学工具。此外，用于免疫学试验，GVHP是一种吸附性好，适合于检测粘膜分泌物抗原的载体。     

伴双手麻木的结节性皮肤淀粉样变一例

患者男,53岁,因面部、双手、阴茎、臀部结节斑块5年就诊于福州市皮肤病防治院皮肤科。5年前无明显诱因患者前额出现数个粟粒至蚕豆大小结节,因无自觉症状,未予治疗。皮疹逐渐增多、增大,双上眼睑、鼻背、双手指、阴茎、臀部等部位逐渐出现类似皮疹,伴双手麻木感,呈阵发性,与天气冷热无关,无发热、四肢乏力、关节肿痛等不适,曾自行外用多种药膏（具体不详）无效。既往史及家族史无特殊,各系统检查未见明显异常……     

Consensus guidelines for the management of atopic dermatitis: An Asia–Pacific perspective

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a relatively common disease in patients in the Asia–Pacific region. It presents a particular clinical challenge and requires careful clinical management. The chronic nature of AD characterized by flares, exacerbations and periods of quiescence requires a multipronged approach aimed at reducing itch, inflammation and the appearance of secondary lesions. In addition, varying levels of maintenance therapy may be required to avoid exacerbations. Survey data from the region indicate that there is significant variation across the Asia–Pacific with regard to current treatment practices. The management of AD may also be influenced by differing health‐care systems, variable climate, access to medical care and cultural diversity. The current consensus guidelines have been developed to provide up‐to‐date and concise evidence‐ and experience‐based recommendations directed towards general practitioners and general dermatologists in the Asia–Pacific region on the management of pediatric and adult AD.     

基于知识图谱构建和定性访谈法探析张忠德教授辨治间质性肺病临床特征与方药规律＊

目的 构建个性化知识图谱技术和定性访谈法结合，进一步挖掘张忠德教授辨治间质性肺疾病临证特征与用药规律。方法 采用回顾性分析，系统收集张忠德教授广东省中医院门诊2010年8月至2020年8月治疗间质性肺疾病病历，按照诊断标准、纳入标准、排除标准，严格筛选后，通过广东省中医院大数据挖掘团队中医药大数据智能处理与知识服务系统进行数据挖掘分析，并通过多元化视觉定性访谈法，将定量与定性分析有效结合。结果 共筛选出347首方，共141味药物，常用药物频次 ≥ 84次的药物有10味，其中党参、麦芽、黄芪、紫菀、白术等为核心用药，通过症状与药物推理知识地图显示，党参、炒麦芽、黄芪、大枣、太子参、山萸肉、巴戟天等为主要治疗用药；临证遣方用药知识关联分析，得知咳嗽、耳鸣、心悸、水肿、头痛、胸闷、恶寒等为多见，针对咳嗽，首选紫苏子、橘红、桂枝等温肺降气通阳之品等；频繁聚集显示，常用药对炒麦芽-炒白术、黄芪-党参、黄精-菟丝子、前胡-紫菀、炙枇杷叶-浙贝母等；聚类分析结果得到4组关系密切的聚类新药物组合；以脾为中轴，肺肾共扶为主的“平调五脏论”，分期阶梯辨治间质性肺疾病。结论 张忠德教授认为间质性肺疾病，虚实夹杂为多见，应从肺、脾、肾着手，采用平调五脏论分期阶梯辨治，用药配伍精简，以和为贵，以平为期。     

Sealing of anodized magnesium alloy AZ31 with MgAl layered double hydroxides layers

In this work, anodized magnesium alloy AZ31 with and without boiling water sealing was pre-prepared, and then MgAl-layered double hydroxide (LDH) films were fabricated on it through hydrothermal chemical conversion of the pre-prepared anodic layer. The morphology, structure, and composition of the films were characterized by XRD, SEM, EDS, FT-IR, XPS and GDOES. It was found that the porosity of the films was reduced after in situ fabrication of the LDHs. The effects of boiling water sealing treatment on the anodized substrate were also discussed. Moreover, the polarization curve, EIS, and immersion tests showed that LDHs fabricated on the anodized substrate with boiling water sealing treatment exhibited a significant long period of protection for the substrate.

In this work anodized magnesium alloy AZ31 with and without boiling water sealing was pre-prepared, and then MgAl-layered double hydroxide (LDH) films were fabricated on it through hydrothermal chemical conversion of the pre-prepared anodic layer.     

Fluorescence enhancement of carbon dots by graphene for highly sensitive detection of tetracycline hydrochloride

In this study, fluorescence of self-assembled multilayers (SAMs) of carbon dots (CDs) was found to be enhanced by graphene. The number of polyelectrolyte layers can be tuned to control the distance between CDs and graphene in SAMs. The enhanced fluorescence efficiency was found to be dependent on graphene concentration, degree of graphene reduction, and the distance between CDs and graphene surface. When graphene concentration and polyelectrolyte bilayer number were set to 0.005 mg mL⁻¹ and 3 layers, respectively, fluorescence intensity of CDs could be increased up to 3.2 times. Tetracycline hydrochloride (Tc) could be detected by the established SAMs in the presence of graphene as the sensitivity was 2 orders higher than that of SAMs in the absence of graphene. Limit of detection of this sensing system was 0.9284 nM, which is 1–3 orders of magnitude lower than those of most of reported fluorescence sensors. This method could be successfully applied to detect trace Tc in milk samples.

The fluorescence of carbon dots self-assembled multilayers (CDs SAMs) can be enhanced by graphene, the sensing sensitivity for tetracycline hydrochloride of CDs SAMs with graphene is two orders higher than that of SAMs without graphene.     

Effects of medroxyprogesterone and estradiol on the recovery of spermatogenesis in irradiated rats

Suppression of intratesticular testosterone (ITT) levels is required for spermatogenic recovery in rats after irradiation, but maintenance of peripheral testosterone (T) levels is important for many male functions. Considering the preservation of peripheral T while suppressing ITT, we tested the effects of a combination of a progestin, medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), plus T on spermatogenic recovery after irradiation, and compared its effects to those of T alone or T combined with estradiol (E2). Rats were given testicular irradiation (6 Gy) and treated during wk 3-7 after irradiation with MPA + T, or the individual steroids with or without GnRH antagonist (GnRH-ant), or GnRH-ant alone, or T + E2. Whereas GnRH-ant alone stimulated differentiation in 55% of tubules 13 wk after irradiation compared with 0% in irradiated-only rats, the addition of MPA reduced the percentage of tubules showing differentiation to 18%. However, T or MPA alone or the combination of the two induced germ cell differentiation in only 2-4% of tubules. In contrast, E2 stimulated differentiation in 88% of tubules, and T combined with E2 still resulted in differentiation in 30% of tubules. Although both MPA and E2 suppressed ITT levels to approximately 2% of control (2 ng/g testis), MPA was a less effective stimulator of spermatogenic recovery than E2 or GnRH-ant alone. MPA's function as a weak androgen was likely responsible for inhibiting spermatogenic recovery, as was the case for all other tested androgens. Thus, for clinical protection or restoration of spermatogenesis after radiation or chemotherapy by suppressing T production, MPA, at least in the doses used in the present study, is suboptimal. The combination of an estrogen with T appears to be most effective for stimulating such recovery.     

Effect of interferon-gamma on hepatic fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B virus infection: a randomized controlled study.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Hepatic fibrosis due to chronic HBV infection has enormous socioeconomic impact. Besides strategies targeting virus elimination, prevention or reversal of liver fibrosis is amenable. Given the antifibrotic activity of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), a randomized open-labeled multicenter trial was initiated to test IFN-gamma in HBV infection. METHODS: HBsAg-positive patients with biopsy proven hepatic fibrosis (n = 99, stages 2-4, Scheuer criterion) were treated with diammone-glycyrrhizinate and potassium-magnesium aspartate. Sixty-six randomly assigned patients were treated with 50 mug IFN-gamma intramuscularly on a daily basis for 3 months and on alternate days the subsequent 6 months. Efficacy was evaluated by liver biopsy and serologic markers. RESULTS: Fifty-four patients in the IFN-gamma group and 29 patients in the control group completed the study. The hepatic fibrosis score was significantly reduced in 63% of IFN-gamma treated patients compared with 24.1% in the control group by using a semiquantitative scoring system evaluating both liver architecture and fibrotic deposits. Mean values for the total fibrosis score decreased from 13.8 +/- 5.8 to 10.1 +/- 5.1 in the IFN-gamma group (P = .0001), whereas they were unchanged in control subjects (13.2 +/- 6.8 vs 12.6 +/- 4.8, P = .937). The Scheuer system showed 12 out of 54 patients improved >or=1 stage(s) in the IFN-gamma group compared with 1 of 29 in the control group. Antifibrotic activity might be attributed to decreased transforming growth factor-beta signaling via phosphorylated Smad2 and reduced number of activated, alpha-smooth muscle actin positive hepatic stellate cells. CONCLUSIONS: IFN-gamma treatment for 9 months improves fibrosis scores in patients with chronic HBV infection most likely by antagonizing profibrogenic transforming growth factor-beta effects.