表达绿色荧光蛋白的乳酸杆菌在鸡胃肠道中的分布

目的 构建含有绿色荧光蛋白基因(green fluorescent protein gene,gfp)的质粒,电转化从鸡胃肠中分离的乳酸杆菌,并口服接种小鸡表达绿色荧光蛋白(green fluorescent protein,GFP)的重组乳酸杆菌,观察该乳酸杆菌在胃肠道中的分布.方法 在获得稳定表达绿色荧光蛋白的德氏乳杆菌乳亚种D17(D17-GFP)菌株后,口服接种20日龄的鸡,于接种后1.5、6、12、24、48和72 h分别取胃肠内容物接种培养并计数,同时取胃、空肠、回肠、盲肠、肝和脾脏做冰冻切片在荧光显微镜下观察D17-GFP的分布.结果 D17-GFP在接种鸡6 h后,胃肠道的内容物中可发现D17-GFP,在42 h时细菌数达到最大,并且3 d后菌量仍维持在1×104 CFU/g左右.在荧光显微镜下发现D17-GFP主要存在于肠道的内容物和黏液中.结论 GFP在德氏乳杆菌乳亚种D17中得到了稳定的表达,重组D17-GFP可在鸡胃肠道的黏膜处定植.     

2019年“农村义务教育学生营养改善计划”覆盖地区学生餐剩饭状况及影响因素分析

目的:分析我国“农村义务教育学生营养改善计划”覆盖地区中小学学生餐剩饭情况及影响因素。方法:2019年在“农村义务教育学生营养改善计划”覆盖地区699个县中,分片选取1~3个国家试点县,共选取50个重点监测县。按照不同供餐模式,随机各抽取2所小学和2所初中作为重点监测学校。从小学三年级到初中三年级,每个年级抽取1~2个...     

射波刀技术现状与发展及其临床应用

介绍了射波刀的组成、结构,从照射系统、影像引导、呼吸追踪技术、目标参考系4个方面阐述了射波刀的技术特点,重点分析了第四代射波刀(G4)较第三代射波刀(G3)所具有的技术优势,并通过具体临床应用实践,指出射波刀对于一些体积较小、手术困难、伽马刀和加速器难以治疗以及随呼吸运动的肿瘤病例有着良好的临床效果,是放射治疗的有力工具。     

非规则性肝叶或肝段切除术治疗肝内胆管结石

目的　探讨肝内胆管结石外科治疗的方式与疗效关系。方法　回顾性总结分析手术治疗肝内胆管结石长期随访 10 6例 ,根据结石的部位和分布情况分别选择不同术式进行评价。结果　手术后至随访时间 7～ 99个月 (平均5 8个月 )。残石率 9例 ,长期随访优良率 97.2 %。结论　依据结石原发病灶选择肝叶或肝段切除、解除狭窄和通畅的引流 ,可以减少或降低结石、预防胆管炎的复发率。     

乙苯对职业人群血中神经递质水平的影响

目的 探讨乙苯对职业人群神经递质水平的影响.方法 选择某石化公司苯乙烯合成原料车间246名乙苯上料工为乙苯接触组,相应的公司办公人员122名作为对照组,通过问卷调查,获取乙苯职业接触的基本信息;高效液相色谱法测定班后尿中乙苯代谢物苯乙醇酸(MA)和苯乙醛酸(PGA)含量,反相高效液相色谱法、荧光分光光度法和5,5-二硫代双(2-硝基苯甲酸)法测定血清中γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)、多巴胺(DA)水平和乙酰胆碱酯酶(AchE)活力,检测血生化指标天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(Cr)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、总胆红素(TBIL)和血液学指标.结果 接触组MA、PGA及MA+PGA水平明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);对照组和接触组血液中各生化指标(AST、ALT、TP、ALB、BUN、Cr、ALP、TBIL)和血液学指标(WBC、RBC、Hb、PLT)的差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);接触组血清DA水平[(0.21±0.011)mg/L]和AChE活力[(0.321±0.066)μ/L]均明显低于对照组[分别为(0.25±0.015)mg/L、(0.583±0.125)μ/L,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),两组人群血清中GABA水平的差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 MA和PGA可作为乙苯接触后生物内剂量指标.生化和血液学指标发生明显变化之前,乙苯接触对工人血中神经递质水平有一定的影响.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the effects of occupational ethylbenzene exposure on blood neurotransmitter levels in population. Methods The exposure group consisted of 246 workers occupationally exposed to ethylbenzene and the control group was composed of 122 staffs from the offices. The basic information on ethylbenzene exposure was collected by the questionnaire. The mandelic acid (MA)and phenylglyoxylic acid (PGA) in the post-working urine were measured using the high performance liquid chromatography. The levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), dopamine (DA)and acetylcholinesterase (AchE)activity were detected by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography, spectrofluorometry and DTNB method, respectively.The blood biochemical indexes: alanine transarninase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin (TBIL)were examined. Also the hematologic indexes: red blood cell ( RBC ), white blood cell ( WBC ), hemoglobin ( HGB ) and platelet ( PLT)were determined.Results The levels of MA, PGA and MA+PGA of urine in the exposed group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05). There were no significant differences of the biochemical indexes ( AST, ALT, TP,ALB, BUN, Cr, ALP and TBIL), hematologic indexes (WBC, RBC, Hb and PLT)and serum GABA between the exposure group and the control group (P＞0.05). But the serum DA[(0.21 ±0.011 )mg/L] and AChE levels [(0.321±0.066) U/L] in the exposure group were significantly lower than those in the control group [(0.25±0.015 )mg/L,(0.583±0.125)U/L],respectively (P＜0.05). Conclusion MA and PGA in urine can serve as the biomarkers of internal exposure dose. Before the obvious changes of biochemical indexes and hematologic indexes appear, the exposure to ethylbenzene can influence the blood neurotransmitter levels in workers exposed to ethylbenzene.     

某碳化硅制品企业工作场所职业病危害因素调查

目的识别、分析和检测某碳化硅制品企业职业病危害因素及职业卫生管理制度,为职业病防治工作提供依据。方法采用职业卫生现场调查、职业卫生检测、职业健康监护等方法对该企业工作场所职业病危害因素进行分析与评价。结果该企业主要职业病危害因素是碳化硅粉尘和噪声。经检测,粉尘时间加权平均浓度为0.3～5.9 mg/m3,超限倍数为0.9～4.6,部分岗位粉尘浓度超标;噪声强度合格率为94.1%。结论职业病危害防护设施的效果有待改善,应加强职业卫生管理和培训,落实个人防护用品管理。     

钙离子通道基因CACNA1C多态性与原发性高血压病的关系研究

目的:探讨钙离子通道基因CACNA1C的SNP位点rs10848683C/T、rs2299661C/G与原发性高血压的关系。方法:采用多重聚合酶链反应方法及基质辅助激光解析-飞行时间质谱分析技术对413例中国汉族原发性高血压患者以及372例正常对照CACNA1C基因rs10848683C/T、rs2299661C/G的等位基因进行检测,观察各基因型频率及等位基因频率。结果:原发性高血组rs10848683 T等位基因频率与对照组相比无明显差异(58.24%:60.69%,P>0.05),OR=0.472,95%C I:0.382-1.441;原发性高血组rs2299661 G基因频率与对照组相比无明显差异(63.80%:64.83%,P>0.05),OR=1.255,95%C I:0.636~2.477。结论:CACNA1C rs10848683C/T rs2299661C/G基因多态性与中国汉族人群原发性高血压的发生不具有关联性。     

贻贝多糖胶囊毒理学安全性研究

目的:对贻贝多糖胶囊的食用安全性进行毒理学评价。方法:采用急性毒性实验、遗传毒性实验(Ames试验、小鼠骨髓微核试验、小鼠精子畸形试验)和30 d喂养试验进行评价。结果:小鼠经口MTD均大于15.0 g/kg,Ames试验、小鼠骨髓微核试验、小鼠精子畸形试验三项遗传毒性试验结果均为阴性。30 d喂养试验未见大鼠的生长发育、血液学、生化、脏器比及组织病理学有异常变化。结论:贻贝多糖胶囊急性毒性分级属无毒级,无遗传毒性,最大无损害作用剂量大于1.6 g/kg,相当于人体推荐摄入量的120倍。在本实验剂量范围内,贻贝多糖胶囊属安全性保健食品。     

重庆市江津区某小学儿童伤害及家长认知调查

目的了解江津区儿童伤害发生情况及流行特点,为开展伤害预防控制提供科学依据。方法采用统一调查问卷对江津区某小学414名儿童家长进行问卷调查,了解儿童在2012年1月至2012年12月期间发生伤害的情况及家长对儿童伤害的知识、信念、和行为认知。结果儿童伤害发生率为63.9%,其中男生发生率为66.7%,女生发生率为61.0%。9种受伤害类型中的前3种为跌倒/坠落(28.6%)、夹伤/割伤(16.6%)、动物咬伤(12.8%),占伤害总例数的69.6%。家长对儿童伤害认识不够,其中60.8%的家长不知道为窗户安装纱窗并不是预防儿童从高楼坠落有效预防措施;51.6%的家长给孩子洗澡时,总是先倒热水,再倒冷水。结论儿童意外伤害率较高,家长对儿童伤害认识不够,应加强伤害防护知识的教育,提高安全意识和素质,建立有效的保障措施,为江津儿童的健康成长创建有利环境。     

Expansion of CD3+CD8+PD1+ T lymphocytes and TCR repertoire diversity predict clinical responses to adoptive cell therapy in advanced gastric cancer

The adoptive cell therapy (ACT) and delivery of ex vivo activated cellular products, such as dendritic cells (DCs), NK cells, and T cells, have shown promise for the treatment of gastric cancer (GC). However, it is unknown which cells can improve patient survival. This study was focused on the antitumour activity of a subset of these cellular products and their relationships with clinical outcomes. Nineteen patients were enrolled at the Capital Medical University Cancer Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, from June 1, 2013, to May 30, 2016. CD8⁺PD1⁺ T-cell sorting was carried out using flow cytometry, and the T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire during ex vivo expansion for 15 days was analyzed by next-generation sequencing. After 15 days of culture, the number of CD8⁺ T cells had increased significantly, and the number of CD4⁺ T cells had increased correspondingly. After ex vivo expansion, CD8⁺ T cells exhibited significantly enhanced expression of PD-1, LAG-3, and TIM-3 but not 4-1BB. Survival analysis showed that patients with a pro/pre value of CD8⁺PD-1⁺ T cells >2.4 had significantly favorable overall survival (OS) (median OS time, 248 days versus 96 days, P=0.02) and progression-free survival (PFS) (median PFS time, 183 days vs. 77 days, P=0.002). The sorted CD8⁺PD-1⁺ T cells displayed enhanced antitumor activity and increased IFN-γ secretion after coculture with autologous tumor cell lines. TCR repertoire diversity was decreased after ex vivo expansion, which decreased the Shannon index and increased the clonality value. The prognosis of patients was significantly improved and was associated with the extent of CD8⁺PD-1⁺ T-cell expansion. In summary, this study showed that after ex vivo expansion for 15 days, CD8⁺PD-1⁺ T cells could be identified as tumor-reactive cells in patients treated for GC. Changing TCR species can predict the extent of CD3⁺CD8⁺PD1⁺ T-cell growth and the effect of ACT treatment.