吻合器痔上黏膜环切术与传统外剥内扎术的对比研究

目的 探讨吻合器痔上黏膜环切术(procedure for proplapse and hemorrhoids,PPH)的适应证、方法、临床应用价值.方法 总结41例PPH手术(Ⅰ组)和62例传统外剥内扎术(Milligan-Morgan手术)(Ⅱ组)临床资料,对手术时间、术后止痛次数、住院时间、术后并发症及住院费用等进行对比研究.结果 总的症状改善满意率分别为95%(Ⅰ组)及82%(Ⅱ组),除住院费用外,Ⅰ组其手术时间、术后止痛次数、住院时间明显优于Ⅱ组,并发症发生率除术后便血、早期大便失禁、早期排尿困难外,余无统计学意义.结论 PPH治疗Ⅲ°～Ⅳ°痔的近期疗效优于Milligan-Morgan手术,且具有安全、有效、手术时间短、住院时间少、恢复快等优点.     

膀胱抗菌机制—粘膜抗菌蛋白初步研究

本文报道以１％乙酸冲洗雌性Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠膀胱和雌性新西兰白兔膀胱，分别获得其膀胱酸溶性提取物。ＡＵ－ＰＡＧＥ分析表明，两种膀胱粘膜酸溶性提取物都有十余条主蛋白带，而不含常见的杀菌物质溶菌酶和防御素样分子。琼脂糖弥散法杀菌试验显示，两种膀胱粘膜酸溶性提取物对致病性大肠杆菌ＭＬ－３５ｐ耐药株都有杀菌活性。进一步采用电泳凝胶琼脂糖弥散法杀菌试验分析，结果表明大鼠膀胱粘膜酸溶性提取物中有两条蛋白带具明显的杀菌活性，我们称这两条蛋白带为ＲａｔＢＰ－１和ＲａｔＢＰ－２。而兔膀胱粘膜酸溶性提取物的杀菌活性亦与两条被称为ＲａｂＢＰ－１和ＲａｂＢＰ－２的蛋白带相关。本文首次提示，在膀胱粘膜内存在抗菌蛋白，可能是膀胱粘膜杀菌作用的分子基础。     

人肿瘤细胞与正常细胞内微管的PAP免疫酶细胞化学观察

我们利用兔抗微管蛋白抗体和兔抗辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)抗血清制备的HRP—抗HRP(PAP)复合物,建立了微管的PAP免疫酶细胞化学方法。应用此法观察到人食管癌ECa 109、胃癌SGC 7901,乳腺癌MCF 7和成骨肉瘤OS 732细胞间期胞质微管减少或消失,只有大量弥散分布的微管蛋白棕色反应产物,在微管组织中心(MTOC)附近十分密集,而正常成纤维细胞和胎儿胃粘膜上皮细胞间期,都有发达的胞质微管结构(CMTC)。在分裂期,这些肿瘤细胞都显示纺锤体微管,与正常细胞比较无明显差异。本研究应用PAP方法进一步证明,以前用免疫荧光细胞化学方法观察到的人肿瘤细胞间期胞质微管缺陷的特征。除去低温(4℃)或秋水仙酰胺处理后,解聚的CMTC又可恢复,表明本方法与免疫荧光染色法,同样具有很高的特异性。本工作在细胞固定及免疫反应的某些步骤上有所改进。     

Peripheral nerve regeneration by microbraided poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) biodegradable polymer fibers

Tiny tubes with fiber architecture were developed by a novel method of fabrication upon introducing some modification to the microbraiding technique, to function as nerve guide conduit and the feasibility of in vivo nerve regeneration was investigated through several of these conduits. Poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) (10:90) polymer fibers being biocompatible and biodegradable were used for the fabrication of the conduits. The microbraided nerve guide conduits (MNGCs) were characterized using scanning electron microscopy to study the surface morphology and fiber arrangement. Degradation tests were performed and the micrographs of the conduit showed that the degradation of the conduit is by fiber breakage indicating bulk hydrolysis of the polymer. Biological performances of the conduits were examined in the rat sciatic nerve model with a 12-mm gap. After implantation of the MNGC to the right sciatic nerve of the rat, there was no inflammatory response. One week after implantation, a thin tissue capsule was formed on the outer surface of the conduit, indicating good biological response of the conduit. Fibrin matrix cable formation was seen inside the MNGC after 1 week implantation. One month after implantation, 9 of 10 rats showed successful nerve regeneration. None of the implanted tubes showed tube breakage. The MNGCs were flexible, permeable, and showed no swelling apart from its other advantages. Thus, these new poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) microbraided conduits can be effective aids for nerve regeneration and repair and may lead to clinical applications.     

Differential IL-12 responsiveness of T cells but not of NK cells from tumor-bearing mice in IL-12-responsive versus -unresponsive tumor models

While IL-12 administration induces tumor regression through stimulating T cells in tumor-bearing mice, this IL-12 effect is observed in some but not all tumor models. The present study aimed to compare IL-12 responsiveness of T cells from tumor-bearing mice in IL-12-responsive (CSA1M and OV-HM) and -unresponsive (Meth A) tumor models. Tumor regression in IL-12-responsive tumor models required the participation of T cells, but not of NK1.1(+) cells. Because a NK1.1(+) cell population was the major producer of IFN-gamma, comparable levels of IFN-gamma production were induced in IL-12-responsive and -unresponsive tumor-bearing mice. This indicates that the amount of IFN-gamma produced in tumor-bearing individuals does not correlate with the anti-tumor efficacy of IL-12. In contrast, IL-12 responsiveness of T cells differed between the responsive and unresponsive models: purified T cells from CSA1M/OV-HM-bearing or Meth A-bearing mice exhibited high or low IL-12 responsiveness respectively, when evaluated by the amounts of IFN-gamma produced in response to IL-12. T cells from CSA1M- or OV-HM-bearing but not from Meth A-bearing mice exhibited enhanced levels of mRNA for the IL-12 receptor (IL-12R). These results indicate that a fundamental difference exists in IL-12 responsiveness of T cells between IL-12-responsive and -unresponsive tumor models, and that such a difference is associated with the expression of IL-12R on T cells.     

Effect of earth's orbital chirality on elementary particles and unification of chiral asymmetries in life on different levels

Life is chirally asymmetric at all scales from microscopic elementary particles to molecular and macroscopic levels. How these chiral asymmetries in life on different levels are unified remains unanswered. It has been demonstrated that both the biomolecular homochirality and biological rhythms can be caused by the right-handed helical force-field of the Earth's orbital chirality (EOC). Similar to the helical biomolecules (1), it is here suggested that the right-handed EOC force-field could make the right-handed elementary particles more stable than their left-handed enantiomers to result in the symmetry violation of elementary particles, and the EOC could also cause the macroscopic predominant selection of right-handed asymmetries of living objects (e.g. the helical seashells and plants). Our studies indicated that the weak force in weak interaction may only be a form of the EOC force-field at the microscopic particle level, and the chiral asymmetries in life on various levels could be unified by the natural right-handed EOC force-field. Moreover, the chiral and quantum effects, time, mass, rhythms and relativity could also be unified by the interaction of the EOC force-field with chiral motions and structures under certain conditions.     

A tctex1-Ca2+ channel complex for selective surface expression of Ca2+ channels in neurons

Voltage-gated Ca(2+) channels (VGCCs) are important in regulating a variety of cellular functions in neurons. It remains poorly understood how VGCCs with different functions are sorted within neurons. Here we show that the t-complex testis-expressed 1 (tctex1) protein, a light-chain subunit of the dynein motor complex, interacts directly and selectively with N- and P/Q-type Ca(2+) channels, but not L-type Ca(2+) channels. The interaction is insensitive to Ca(2+). Overexpression in hippocampal neurons of a channel fragment containing the binding domain for tctex1 significantly decreases the surface expression of endogenous N- and P/Q-type Ca(2+) channels but not L-type Ca(2+) channels, as determined by immunostaining. Furthermore, disruption of the tctex1-Ca(2+) channel interaction significantly reduces the Ca(2+) current density in hippocampal neurons. These results underscore the importance of the specific tctex1-channel interaction in determining sorting and trafficking of neuronal Ca(2+) channels with different functionalities.     

Ha-VP39 binding to actin and the influence of F-actin on assembly of progeny virions

Summary We present evidence that actin is necessary for the successful assembly of HaNPV virions. Purified nucleocapsid protein Ha-VP39 of Heliothis armigera nuclear polyhedrosis virus (HaNPV) was found to be able to bind to actin in vitro without assistance, as demonstrated by Western blot and isothermal titration calorimeter. H and binding constants (K) detected by isothermal titration calorimeter strongly suggested that Ha-VP39 first binds actin to seed the formation of hexamer complex of actin, and the hexamers then link to each other to form filaments, and the filaments finally twist into cable structures. The proliferation of HaNPV was completely inhibited in Hz-AM1 cells cultivated in the medium containing 0.5µg/ml cytochalasin D (CD) to prevent polymerization of actin, while its yield was reduced to 10^–4 in the presence of 0.1µg/ml CD. Actin concentration and the viral DNA synthesis were not significantly affected by CD even though the progeny virions assembled in the CD treated cells were morphologically different from normal ones and resulted in fewer plaques in plaque assayThe authors equally contributed to the work.The authors equally contributed to the work.