The Moore vitallium femoral-head prosthesis in fractures of the femoral neck.

A follow-up is given of early and late results in 109 arthroplasties with the self-locking Austin T. Moore vitallium femoral head prosthesis in fractures of the femoral neck on 106 patients. Operative indication was usually fresh medical fracture of the femoral neck in an elderly woman, or its late complication. The surgery was performed in a unit for general surgery also engaged in pre- and postgraduate teaching activities. Many operations were performed by residents engaged in general surgery or orthopaedics. Point scores according to a modification of Merle D'Aubigné's classification showed excellent or at least good results in 81 per cent of the 69 mobile patients. Because of deteriorated general physical condition 11 patients were chronically bed-ridden. Five patients could not be reached. In three instances the prosthesis was removed. 21 patients died, three during the stay in hospital and 18 later for reasons not connected with the operative procedure. The mortality during 40 months of observation corresponded fairly well to that expected in the age group for the population as a whole.     

Exertion injuries in adolescent athletes.

A series of 147 cases of exertion injuries in less than or equal to 15 years old athletes is presented. All injuries occurred during training or athletic performances without trauma and caused symptoms that prevented athletic exercises. There were 67 girls (46%) and 80 boys (54%) in the material. About 90% of them had been training for more than one year before the onset of the symptoms; 65% were interested in track and field athletics, 13% in ball games, 11% in skiing, 4% in swimming, and 3% in orienteering. The rest were interested in other sports. About 33% of the injuries were growth disturbances or osteochondroses seen also in other children. About 15% were anomalies, deformities or earlier osteochondritic changes, which caused first symptoms during the physical exercise; 50% were typical overuse injuries that may bother adult athletes, too; 43% of the injuries were localized in ankle, foot and heel, 31% in knee, 8% in back and trunk, 7% in pelvic and hip region, and the rest in other parts of the body. The injuries were generally slight, no permanent disability was noticed. Rest and conservation therapy cured most cases; operative treatment was used in only eight cases.     

3-D reconstructed magnetic resonance imaging in localization of subdural EEG electrodes. Case illustration

We report an illustrative case of presurgical evaluation for epilepsy surgery, where the three-dimensional reconstructed magnetic resonance imaging played a pivotal role in determining the exact location of the subdural strip electrodes in temporomesial area. The tip of one the frontal strip electrodes was actually recording the temporopolar ictal activity. This contributed conclusively to the decision for surgical treatment and to the excellent outcome.     

Dynamic holographic imaging of the beating human heart

Background--Currently, the reporting and archiving of echocardiographic data suffer from the difficulty of representing heart motion on printable 2-dimensional (2D) media. Methods and Results--We studied the capability of holography to integrate motion into 2D echocardiographic prints. Images of normal human hearts and of a variety of mitral valve function abnormalities (mitral valve prolapse, systolic anterior motion of the mitral leaflets, and obstruction of the mitral valve by a myxoma) were acquired digitally on standard echocardiographic machines. Images were processed into a data format suitable for holographic printing. Angularly multiplexed holograms were then printed on a prototype holographic "laser" printer, with integration of time in vertical parallax, so that heart motion became visible when the hologram was tilted up and down. The resulting holograms displayed the anatomy with the same resolution as the original acquisition and allowed detailed study of valve motion with side-by-side comparison of normal and abnormal findings. Comparison of standard echocardiographic measurements in original echo frames and corresponding hologram views showed an excellent correlation of both methods (P<0.0001, r2=0.979, mean bias=2.76 mm). In this feasibility study, both 2D and 3D holographic images were produced. The equipment needed to view these holograms consists of only a simple point-light source. Conclusions--Holographic representation of myocardial and valve motion from echocardiographic data is feasible and allows the printing on a 2D medium of the complete heart cycle. Combined with the recent development of online holographic printing, this novel technique has the potential to improve reporting, visualization, and archiving of echocardiographic imaging.     

Extensive cerebral white matter abnormality without clinical symptoms: a new hereditary condition?

A 30-year-old father and his 2 sons with slight hyperkinesia and mildly dysmorphic features and their close relatives were examined clinically and with computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Neurophysiological and biochemical examinations were normal; however, brain MRI of the father and sons revealed extensive cerebral white matter changes. No radiological progression could be detected at a 13-year follow-up examination of the father, and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) of the father at the age of 30 years was normal. MRI findings in the relatives were normal, suggesting an autosomal dominant syndrome due to a new mutation in the father.     

The significance of residual stenosis after decompression for lumbar spinal stenosis

Thirty-one patients with degenerative or combined degenerative and developmental lumbar spinal stenosis diagnosed by myelography and at subsequent surgery were thoroughly examined by computed tomography (CT) to reveal the completeness of the decompression and its correlation with the outcome. Complete elimination of the stenosis was achieved in 10 cases (32%) of whom 9 (90%) showed improvement. Various combinations of residual stenosis (some type of stenosis of the lateral part of vertebral canal at the laminectomy sites and also central stenosis outside the laminectomy field) were observed in 21 cases (68%). Of these, 14 (67%) had nearly complete, subtotal decompression with minimal or some residual stenosis, 7 (33%) had only minor decompression of the most constricted part of the spinal canal with a considerable amount of residual stenosis. The latter groups showed improvement in 8 cases (57%) and 6 cases (86%), respectively. Three patients (10%) with increased postoperative symptoms had only minimal or some residual stenosis. The significance of these findings is discussed.     

7-(4,7-二取代香豆素-3-乙酰氨基)头孢菌素的合成

本文根据构效关系,设计并合成了17个7-(4,7-二取代香豆素-3-乙酰氨基)头孢菌素衍生物。其缩合方法采用酰氯法、Vilsmeier试剂法及混合酐法。初步体外抑菌试验表明,化合物对革兰氏阳性菌和少数革兰氏阴性菌有较强的抗菌作用。进一步药理试验尚在进行。