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41.
Pushplata Prasad Arun K Tiwari KM Prasanna Kumar AC Ammini Arvind Gupta Rajeev Gupta BK Thelma 《BMC medical genetics》2010,11(1):52
Background
To determine association of nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ADP ribosyltransferase-1 (ADPRT1), aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1 (AKR1B1), receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE), glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase-2 (GFPT2), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) genes with chronic renal insufficiency (CRI) among Asian Indians with type 2 diabetes; and to identify epistatic interactionss between genes from the present study and those from renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), and chemokine-cytokine, dopaminergic and oxidative stress pathways (previously investigated using the same sample set). 相似文献42.
S Kanungo BK Sah AL Lopez JS Sung AM Paisley D Sur JD Clemens G Balakrish Nair 《Bulletin of the World Health Organization》2010,88(3):185-191
Objective
To more accurately define the annual incidence of cholera in India, believed to be higher than reported to the World Health Organization (WHO).Methods
We searched the biomedical literature to extract data on the cases of cholera reported in India from 1997 to 2006 and compared the numbers found to those reported annually to WHO over the same period. The latter were obtained from WHO’s annual summaries of reported cholera cases and National health profile 2006, published by India’s Central Bureau of Health Intelligence.Findings
Of India’s 35 states or union territories, 21 reported cholera cases during at least one year between 1997 and 2006. The state of West Bengal reported cases during all 10 years, while the state of Maharashtra and the union territory of Delhi reported cases during nine, and Orissa during seven. There were 68 outbreaks in 18 states, and 222 038 cases were detected overall. This figure is about six times higher than the number reported to WHO (37 783) over the same period. The states of Orissa, West Bengal, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Assam and Chhattisgarh accounted for 91% of all outbreak-related cases.Conclusion
The reporting of cholera cases in India is incomplete and the methods used to keep statistics on cholera incidence are inadequate. Although the data are sparse and heterogeneous, cholera notification in India is highly deficient. 相似文献43.
背景:多瘤病毒感染是导致多瘤病毒相关性肾病和移植肾失功的重要原因之一。
目的:观察分析多瘤病毒相关性肾病的临床特征及其病理学特点。
方法:121例患者移植肾活检行多瘤病毒大T抗原染色,发现9例阳性诊断为多瘤病毒相关性肾病,利用SV-40 大 T 抗原免疫组织化学染色,对确认为多瘤病毒相关性肾病患者进行临床、病理、免疫荧光、免疫组织化学观察。
结果与结论:多瘤病毒相关性肾病组肾活检时检测霉酚酸-AUC 0-12和他克莫司血药浓度均明显高于同期非多瘤病毒相关性肾病组(P < 0.05)。9例活检组织经SV-40 大T抗原染色,肾皮质和髓质均可见散在的肾小管多瘤病毒阳性。免疫荧光IgG,IgM,IgA,C3,C4,C1q和C4d全阴性,所有肾组织病理均可见肾间质大量聚集的CD3,CD4,CD8,CD68阳性细胞,1例合并排斥反应者,人白细胞DR抗原和白细胞介素2受体高表达;不合并排斥者人白细胞DR抗原和白细胞介素2受体表达多小于5%。9例多瘤病毒相关性肾病患者随访均超过半年,移植肾失功1例,3例好转,2例稳定,3例恶化。结果表明,多瘤病毒相关性肾病的诊断主要依赖于移植肾活检组织病理;利用SV-40 大T 抗原免疫组织化学染色可提高多瘤病毒相关性肾病的诊断率;移植肾组织C4d、白细胞介素2受体和人白细胞DR抗原检测对多瘤病毒感染相关性肾病的鉴别诊断具有极其重要的临床价值。 相似文献
44.
Meldrum A Thomson W Drummond B Sears M 《International journal of paediatric dentistry / the British Paedodontic Society [and] the International Association of Dentistry for Children》2001,11(6):458-458
The aim of the present study was to clinically evaluate fissure sealants on the occlusal fissures and buccal pits of permanent first and second molars after 20 and 15 years, respectively. The population consisted of 72 children, each of whom had had their four first molars sealed between 1977 and 1980. At the annual examinations, all caries-free, newly erupted second molars were sealed. When sealant was applied to the second molars, the first molars were checked and sealant was reapplied to those that had deficient sealants. At the follow-up, when the subjects were 26–27 years of age, 27 in the original group had moved from the community. Thus, the present result is based on 45 subjects. One hundred and fifty-three sealed first molars and 161 sealed second molars were available for inspection. At the follow-up examination of the first molars 20 years after sealant had been applied, 65% showed complete retention, 22% partial retention without caries, and 1306 caries or restoration in the occlusal fissures or buccal pits. At the 15-year follow-up of the second molars, the corresponding figures were 65%, 30% and 5%, respectively. Of the restored or carious molars, significantly more were found in the mandible than in the maxilla ( P < 0.001). This longitudinal study showed that pit and fissure sealants, applied during childhood, have a long-lasting, caries-preventive effect. 相似文献
45.
Kumar KV Shaikh A Sharma R Prusty P 《Journal of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism : JPEM》2011,24(9-10):851-852
Achondroplasia is the most common type of short-limbed dwarfism in children resulting from fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) mutations. Activating mutations of FGFR3 also result in other forms of skeletal dysplasia and craniosynostosis. Acanthosis nigricans is associated with these skeletal dysplasias and we recently encountered a skeletal dysplasia along with acanthosis nigricans in a young boy. We report the case due its unusual nature affecting one of twin brothers. 相似文献
46.
Kumar KV Priya S Shaikh A Prusty P 《Journal of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism : JPEM》2011,24(7-8):581-583
Diabetes in young is increasing in prevalence with each decade. Phenotypic features like obesity and acanthosis nigricans characterize type 2 diabetes, whereas autoimmune diseases like vitiligo and hypothyroidism suggest type 1 diabetes. We recently encountered a young boy with vitiligo who presented with hyperglycemia, but not associated with ketonuria and has underlying chronic pancreatitis with secondary diabetes. We report the case for its unusual presentation and etiology of the diabetes. 相似文献
47.
48.
Bacterial meningitis in infants: sonographic findings 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A retrospective study was performed on 78 patients (newborn to 2 years old) with clinically proved bacterial meningitis. Sonograms were obtained during the acute illness and medical records were reviewed. The spectrum of sonographic features of meningitis included normal scans (30 patients), ventriculomegaly (11 patients), echogenic sulci (31 patients), extra-axial fluid collections (26 patients), abnormal parenchymal echogenicity (9 patients), evidence of ventriculitis (5 patients), and brain abscess (1 patient). In 46 patients, correlation between the sonographic findings and neurologic outcome on clinical follow-up (6 months to 4 years) was made. Findings of abnormal parenchymal echogenicity and/or moderate-to-marked ventriculomegaly were associated with significant neurologic sequelae; however, echogenic sulci and small extra-axial fluid collections did not appear to have any prognostic significance. Twenty-nine of the 78 patients had sonography without clinical indication of complications of meningitis, and in no patient was a significant abnormality found. Our study suggests that sonography is indicated only when there is clinical suspicion of complications. 相似文献
49.
50.
Rapid typing of the human Fc gamma receptor IIA polymorphism by polymerase chain reaction amplification with allele-specific primers 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
BACKGROUND: The human Fc gamma receptor IIa (Fc gamma RIIa) is expressed in two polymorphic forms, Fc gamma RIIa-H131 and Fc gamma RIIa-R131, that differ by the replacement of histidine by arginine at position 131. This replacement is caused by a single-nucleotide exchange of A–>G. The resulting receptor forms differ in their binding to human IgG2 and mouse IgG1, which may lead to a different immunologic defense to bacterial polysaccharides and encapsulated bacteria. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A rapid and easy polymerase chain reaction(PCR) method of genotyping the Fc gamma RIIa was developed. Allele-specific primers discriminate between the Fc gamma RIIa-H131 and the Fc gamma RIIa-R131 forms of the receptor. The results were compared with those obtained by another DNA-based genotyping method, in which PCR-amplified DNA was hybridized with allele-specific oligonucleotides, and with a functional phagocytosis assay using mouse IgG1-coated red cells as target antigens. RESULTS: The genotypes deduced from the PCR with allele-specific primers were in complete accordance with those obtained by the data from the hybridization of PCR-amplified DNA with allele- specific oligonucleotides. Furthermore, the Fc gamma RIIa genotypes of 28 individuals in all cases corresponded to the functional phenotypes. CONCLUSION: The use of PCR with allele-specific primers provides a rapid and easily performed method for the determination the Fc gamma RIIa polymorphism. 相似文献