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71.
Gupta PJ 《Digestion》2005,72(2-3):181-188
BACKGROUND: Many new techniques have been evolved to curb the problem of post-operative pain after hemorrhoidectomy. Stapler hemorrhoidopexy and Doppler-guided hemorrhoidal artery ligation are the two methods gaining popularity amongst proctologists. The author proposes another technique called radiofrequency ablation and fixation of hemorrhoids to add to this list. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The surgical technique and clinical follow-up of 410 patients operated by this technique are presented. An Ellman radiofrequency generator was used for hemorrhoidal ablation at the output power intensity of 80. Post-defecation pain and pain at rest were assessed using a visual analogue scale. Patient satisfaction score was calculated at the mean follow-up of 60 months (range 48-72). The results in terms of mean hospital stay, post-operative pain, post-operative complications, and period of incapacity for work were compared with the published data of results of stapled hemorrhoidopexy and Doppler-guided hemorrhoidal artery ligation. RESULTS: Pain score at first evacuation was 6. The post-defecation pain score in the first week was 4 (range 3-6) and it was 3 (range 2-5) in the second week. The mean pain score at rest in the first week was 2 (range 1-4) and 1 (range 0-2) in the second post-operative week. In the long-term follow-up at a mean of 60 months, this procedure was found in most of the cases to control prolapse, discharge, and bleeding, with no stenosis or incontinence. The recurrence rate was less than 2%. The patient satisfaction score was high. CONCLUSION: The results of this technique of radiofrequency ablation and fixation of hemorrhoids hold positive promises in terms of less post-operative pain, early discharge from the hospital and faster return to work. The results are comparable to stapled hemorrhoidopexy and are better than Doppler-guided hemorrhoidal artery ligation in terms of effectiveness and symptomatic relief on a long-term basis. 相似文献
72.
Body fat measurement in Indian men: comparison of three methods based on a two-compartment model 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Bhat DS Yajnik CS Sayyad MG Raut KN Lubree HG Rege SS Chougule SD Shetty PS Yudkin JS Kurpad AV 《International journal of obesity (2005)》2005,29(7):842-848
Obesity is a major risk factor for diabetes and related disorders. The current classification of obesity is based on body mass index (BMI, kg/m(2)), which is a surrogate for the total body fat. Since the relationship between BMI and body fat varies in different populations, an independent validation of the BMI-body fat relationship in the population of interest is desirable. OBJECTIVES: (1) To study the validity of field methods of measuring body fat (multiple skinfolds and bioimpedance) against a criterion method (deuterium dilution) and (2) To compare the prevalence of obesity (WHO 2000 criteria for BMI) with adiposity (body fat >25%) in middle-aged Indian men in rural and urban Pune. DESIGN: Community-based multistage stratified random sampling of middle-aged men from rural and urban Pune for study of body composition and cardiovascular risk. A third of these men, selected to represent wide BMI distribution, were studied for body fat measurements by specific methods. SUBJECTS: A total of 141 healthy men, approximately similar number from rural, urban slums and middle class from Pune. They were 39.3 (+/-6.2) y old and had a BMI of 21.9 (+/-3.7) kg/m(2). MEASUREMENTS: Anthropometry (height, weight and multiple skinfold thicknesses) by trained observers using standardised technique to calculate body fat by Durnin and Womersley's equation. Total body water and body fat by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and deuterium oxide dilution (D(2)O). RESULTS: Mean total body fat was 14.3 kg (23.0%) by anthropometry, 16.5 kg (26.0%) by BIA and 15.3 kg (24.6%) by D(2)O method. Although there was a good correlation between fat estimation by three methods (r= approximately 0.9, P<0.001 all), compared to D(2)O method anthropometry underestimated body fat by 1.0 kg and BIA overestimated fat by 1.2 kg (P<0.001 both). Using the standard cut-point of 25% body fat for 'adiposity' 29.5% rural, 46.0% slum and 75.0% middle class men were adipose. These proportions were considerably higher than the number of men who were 'preobese' (BMI> or =25-29.9 kg/m(2), 9.0% rural, 22.0% urban slums and 27.0% urban middle class) and 'obese' (BMI >30 kg/m(2), 4.0% urban slums, none in rural and urban middle class). CONCLUSION: We recommend that future studies assessing risk for chronic diseases in Indians should measure adiposity by anthropometry (multiple skinfolds) or BIA (calibrated for Indians) rather than relying only on BMI cut-points. 相似文献
73.
V.G. Rao M. Muniyandi J. Bhat R. Yadav R. Sharma 《The Indian journal of tuberculosis》2018,65(1):8-14
Background
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem in resource-poor countries including India. Scientific knowledge is used to guide policy and practice. There is however, a limited, systematically collected data required for guiding the scale-up of interventions particularly amongst vulnerable populations including tribal groups in the country. In view of this, a systematic review of the TB research studies carried out in tribal areas of different parts of the country was undertaken.Objective
To undertake a systematic review of the TB research studies carried out in tribal areas of India between 1996 and 2016.Methods
A systematic review of English articles published between 1996 and 2016 on any aspect of TB was done through internet searches using Literature search EndNote programme. The words used for searching were tuberculosis, India, tribal, indigenous, disadvantaged, adivasi. The most common topics classified as annual risk of tuberculosis infection (ARTI), prevalence of TB, laboratory studies, clinical symptoms of TB, risk factors for TB, knowledge attitude practice, community Directly Observed Treatment (DOT) providers, performance of Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP), and drug resistant TB. Classification was also done on the basis of the type of tribe studied and place of study conducted. A total of 47 studies identified through the search were included in the review.Results
Of the 47 studies reviewed, 12 were on TB prevalence, 7 were laboratory studies, four on ARTI and 5 on performance of RNTCP in tribal areas. Among these, majority (23 studies) of the tribal studies did not mention the type of tribe. Ten studies were conducted among Saharia, a particularly vulnerable tribal group in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh mainly by the National Institute for Research on Tribal Health, five were among the mixed tribes and very few on other tribes.Conclusion
The systematic review indicates that the research studies on TB among tribal population are very few. There is a need to invest and encourage researcher to work on the research plans for the control of TB in tribal areas. 相似文献74.
Vidya LIMAYE Tim LU Eugene ANG Amirtharajan KRISHNAN Pravin HISSARIA David GILLIS 《International journal of rheumatic diseases》2007,10(3):248-252
Although common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is sometimes associated with sarcoidosis/granulomatous disease, there have only been isolated reports of selective immunoglobulin A (IgA) deficiency and granulomatous disease. We present a patient with IgA deficiency who developed Heerfordt syndrome, a variant of neurosarcoidosis. This specific entity has not been previously reported to occur in IgA deficiency. Our case expands the reported associations of IgA deficiency and provides another example to the paucity of reported cases of sarcoidosis occurring in patients with IgA deficiency. As CVID and IgA deficiency have common underlying genetic factors, such an association is biologically plausible. 相似文献
75.
Pravin K Goel 《Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions》2005,66(2):281-285
This report describes a simple angiographic viewing rule for coronary angiography in patients of dextrocardia with obstructive coronary artery disease, which could correct the unfamiliar angulated pictures of the coronary tree in dextrocardia into the familiar conventional angiographic pictures of a normally located heart and its associated ease of interpretation. 相似文献
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79.
Mammalian target of rapamycin inhibition after solid organ transplantation: can it,and does it,reduce cancer risk? 下载免费PDF全文
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors sirolimus and everolimus has been increasingly used as immunosuppressants for recipients of solid organ transplants. Over the years, potential advantages unique to this class of immunosuppressants have been recognized, including chemoprevention by virtue of their antiproliferative effects. Prevention of malignancy after transplant through mTOR inhibitor‐based immunosuppression may have a specific practical application in transplant recipients with preexisting malignancy including hepatocellular carcinoma or cholangiocarcinoma. This review will reveal how the biochemistry of the mTOR pathway, as it pertains to chemoprevention, can support a clinical role for mTOR inhibitors in the prevention of malignancies, recurrent or de novo, after solid organ transplantation in selected patients. 相似文献
80.
Maron BJ McKenna WJ Danielson GK Kappenberger LJ Kuhn HJ Seidman CE Shah PM Spencer WH Spirito P Ten Cate FJ Wigle ED;Task Force on Clinical Expert Consensus Documents. American College of Cardiology;Committee for Practice Guidelines. European Society of Cardiology 《Journal of the American College of Cardiology》2003,42(9):1687-1713