Water- and fat-suppressed proton projection MRI (WASPI) of rat femur bone.

Investigators often study rats by microCT to investigate the pathogenesis and treatment of skeletal disorders in humans. However, microCT measurements provide information only on bone mineral content and not the solid matrix. CT scans are often carried out on cancellous bone, which contains a significant volume of marrow cells, stroma, water, and fat, and thus the apparent bone mineral density (BMD) does not reflect the mineral density within the matrix, where the mineral crystals are localized. Water- and fat-suppressed solid-state proton projection imaging (WASPI) was utilized in this study to image the solid matrix content (collagen, tightly bound water, and other immobile molecules) of rat femur specimens, and meet the challenges of small sample size and demanding submillimeter resolution. A method is introduced to recover the central region of k-space, which is always lost in the receiver dead time when free induction decays (FIDs) are acquired. With this approach, points near the k-space origin are sampled under a small number of radial projections at reduced gradient strength. The typical scan time for the current WASPI experiments was 2 hr. Proton solid-matrix images of rat femurs with 0.4-mm resolution and 12-mm field of view (FOV) were obtained. This method provides a noninvasive means of studying bone matrix in small animals.     

成年人智力发育与年龄和教育的关系

本文对韦氏成人智力量表中国修订本２５岁及其以上成年人城乡样本共１９７６人在校正各年龄组的文化程度以后，比较了年龄和教育因素对成年人智力发展的影响。结果发现：与晶体智力有关的测验成绩并不随年龄增大而下降，某些测验（如知识；领悟等）甚至呈上升趋势；与流体智力有关的测验成绩随年龄的增大而下降；而测量精神运动速度（数字符号测验）的成绩受年龄影响最为明显。看来流体－晶体智力理论能较好地解释成年人的典型智力发     

Dynamic observations on NK cell activity and IL-2 and IFNγ productionin vitro in patients on maintenance hemodialysis

Summary In order to study the immune function of patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD), we assayed NK cell cytotoxicity against K⁵⁶² targets in 40 patients on MHD, and the production of IL-2 and IFN in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) after PHA stimulation, in contrast to those in normal controls. The results showed that NK cell activity and IL-2 and IFN levels were markedly lower in the patients than in the controls. Afeter a single dialysis, NK cell activity as well as IL-2 and IFN levels were elevated to different extent. But there was no significant change in patients after long-term dialysis. There was a positive correlation between the NK cell activity and IL-2 and IFN activity in the controls, but no such correlation was found in the patients on MHD. There was a positive correlation between the NK cell activity and IL-2 activity in patients after dialysis, suggesting that immune function were impaired in the patients on MHD, with a decline in the activity of NK cell and IL-2 and IFN, and a disorder of immune regulation cycle. These abnormal immune impairments in the patients could be partly corrected by hemodialysis. However, long-term hemodialysis is not much helpful in the improvement of patient’s immune function.     

吸食海洛因患者血浆中心钠素的变化

本文研究了57例吸食海洛因患者血浆ANF浓度变化,并与健康对照组进行比较结果显示海洛因成瘾组显著高于对照组(P<0.01),作者认为测定血浆ANF水平可以作为海洛因对心肌损害的一种判断指标。     

Dissolving agents of human mixed cholesterol stones

Methyl tert-butyl ether which is a powerful cholesterol monohydrate solvent does not completely dissolve mixed cholesterol gallstones when directly infused into the biliary tree. In this work, we compared the effect of various solvents containing different proportions of methyl tert-butyl ether and dimethylsulfoxide in anhydrous and aqueous systems on the in vitro solubilization of human cholesterol stones. The dissolution rates of cholesterol obtained in the presence of methyl tert-butyl ether was markedly decreased when 10 p. 100 water was added. In contrast, the addition of dimethylsulfoxide (30 p. 100) to methyl tert-butyl ether-water system enhanced the stone-solvent contact, improved the cholesterol dissolution rates and left less stone debris. A subsequent dissolution with an alkaline, pH = 8.8, aqueous dimethylsulfoxide-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid solution strongly reduced the non cholesterol residues. In vivo, nearly complete dissolution of human cholesterol stones implanted in the gallbladder of rabbits was obtained within 8 hours when methyl tert-butyl ether/dimethylsulfoxide (70/30) solvent was infused at a rate of 0.6 ml/h/kg. With methyl tert-butyl ether, only 84 p. 100 of the original stone weight was dissolved. The infusion of these solvents leads to morphological changes in the gallbladder wall with some focal ulcerations. These alterations can be almost completely recovered after two weeks. No histologic evidence of hepatic, duodenal or renal damage was found. We conclude that the mixture methyl tert-butyl ether/dimethylsulfoxide (70/30) constitutes a good solvent for mixed cholesterol stones. Compared with pure methyl tert-butyl ether, the mixed system allows for a more rapid and a more complete dissolution of gallstones.     

胰十二指肠切除术的几点技术改进(附12例报告)

作者对胰十二指肠切除术做了四点技术改进：①经小肠系膜根部后方十二指肠水平段隧道提取空肠至横结肠上区，再做吻合；②经结肠后行十二指肠或胃与空肠端侧吻合术；③放置２５～３０ｃｍ长的胰管支撑内引流管；④经胃窦前壁通过幽门及吻合口放置空肠营养管。文内对上述改进的技术进行了详细的介绍，并阐述了每项技术的优点和意义。     

锌离子对大鼠海马突触体Ca^2＋—Mg^2＋ATP酶活性及蛋白合成的影响

行为实验己经证明，锌过多或缺锌均可影响脑功能。锌作为体内重要的微量元素，影响多种酶的活性及蛋白质和核酸的台成。本实验通过体外分离大鼠脑海马突触体，观察不同浓度锌离子对Ca2 －Mg2 ATP酶的活性和3H－Leu掺入突触蛋白合成的影响．结果表明：1．锌离子浓度在25μmol／L时增加该酶的活性（＜0．01），并促进3H－Leur掺入蛋白质的合成（＜0．05）。2．锌离子在50,100，200μmol／L的较高浓度时对Co2 －M2 ATP酶的活性有显著的抑制作用（分别为：P＜0.05．P＜0．01，P＜0.01），仅200μmol／L对3H—Leu掺入突触蛋白合成有抑制作用。本研究提示：适量的锌对突触体功能的维持是必要的，但剂量过高则起相反作用。     

PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF PENTAGASTRIN AGAINST STRESS-INDUCED GASTRIC LESIONS IN RATS

The rats, pretreated with pentagastrin, 250 Vg/kg, daily for 7 days, were given restraint water immer sion stress for 3 hours and observed for lesion index of the gastric mucosa. The results showed that the lesion index of the pentagastrin group was sig- nificantly decreased as compared with that of the control group. Light and electron microscopically, the mucosal layer was thickened and both the chief cells and parietal cells were in an active state. This suggests that gastrin has protective effects against the stress-induced gastric lesions through its trophic action on the gastrointestinal tract.     

赖型钩端螺旋体重组DNApCX7的特异性鉴定和限制性内切酶谱分析

本实验将赖型钩端螺旋体（简称钩体）ＤＮＡ基因库的克隆ｐＣＸ７制备成￣（３２）Ｐ－重组ＤＮＡ探针，对８个不同血清群的１７株问号状钩体、双曲钩体ＰａｔｏｃⅠ株以及细螺旋体３０５５株ＤＮＡ进行打点杂交；同时用１５种ＤＮＡ片断进行限制性内切酶谱分析。结果表明，该重组ＤＮＡ具有问号状钩体种（Ｓｐｅｃｉｅｓ）特异性，但与不同问号状钩体之间的同源性程度有差别；限制性内切酶谱分析发现ｐＣＸ７重组ＤＮＡ片段长约１．７ｋｂ，具有１个Ｂｇ１Ⅱ识别位点和３个ＢｓｔＢ１识别位点。     

尿蛋白-1与糖尿病肾病关系的研究

目的为了探讨尿蛋白-1(UP-)与糖尿病肾病的关系。方法用酶联免疫法测定了90例非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病(NIDDM)患者的UP-1,同时测定尿N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)、β2-微球蛋白(β2-mG)。结果糖尿病患者UP-1均较正常对照组增高,UP-1与尿A1b、尿NAG和β2-mG呈正相关。结论在糖尿病早期阶段,肾小管会受到损害,UP-1可作为诊断早期糖尿病肾病的敏感指标。