Clinical application of angiography of oral and maxillofacial hemangiomas. Clinical analysis of seventy cases

Angiographic findings in seventy cases of maxillofacial hemangioma are reported. The tumors have been divided into four types: (1) plexiform hemangioma, (2) cavernous hemangioma with venous drainage, (3) cavernous hemangioma without venous drainage, and (4) the so-called "diffuse type" of cavernous hemangioma. The angiographic features of the four types are described, and clinical application is evaluated. The angiograms demonstrate the location, extent, blood supply, and drainage of the tumors and show whether they communicate intracranially, thus providing valuable criteria for planning and determining the mode of treatment.     

Synthesis and preparation of novel 4-arm star-shape poly(carboxylic acid)s for improved light-cured glass-ionomer cements.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to synthesize and characterize novel 4-arm star-shape poly(acrylic acid)s (poly(AA)s) via atom-transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) technique, tether in situ light-curable methacrylate functionalities onto the poly(AA) backbone, use these star-shape poly(AA)s to formulate the light-cured glass-ionomer cements (LCGICs), and evaluate the mechanical strengths of the formed cements. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The 4-arm poly(AA)s were synthesized using ATRP and tethered with either 2-isocyanatoethyl methacrylate (IEM) or glycidyl methacrylate (GM). The polymers were formulated with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylte (HEMA) or methacryloyl beta-alanine (MBA), water, initiators, and Fuji II LC filler. Compressive strength (CS) was used as a tool to evaluate the formed cements. The specimens were conditioned in distilled water at 37 degrees C for 24h prior to testing. RESULTS: The 4-arm poly(AA) showed a lower viscosity as compared to its linear counterpart. Both IEM-tethered and GM-tethered 4-arm poly(AA) constructed LCGICs showed significantly high mechanical strengths. Both types of co-monomer and grafting agent dramatically affected the mechanical strengths. The MBA-containing poly(AA) cements exhibited much higher CS than the HEMA-containing cements. The IEM-tethered poly(AA) cements showed much higher CS and DTS than the GM-tethered cements. CONCLUSIONS: This study developed a novel light-curable 4-arm star-shape poly(AA) system. The system was 13% in CS, 178% in DTS and 123% in FS, compared to Fuji II LC.     

Xeroderma pigmentosum: a case report

This paper presents a case study of a child with xeroderma pigmentosum (XP). The disease results in sensitivity to UV radiation as a result of reduced activity in a defective enzyme responsible for DNA repair. Affected individuals have a variety of clinical symptoms, which may include problems of the skin and oral mucosa, ocular manifestations, and neurologic impairment. A number of precautions must be taken when treating these patients, which include proper shielding from damaging light and the selection of suitable dental materials. The necessary measures required when treating patients with XP are reviewed in this report.     

Genome-wide linkage analysis of mandibular prognathism in Korean and Japanese patients

The existence of familial aggregation of mandibular prognathism (MP) suggests that genetic components play an important role in its etiology. In this study, a genome-wide linkage analysis to identify loci susceptible to MP was conducted with 90 affected sibling-pairs in 42 families, comprised of 40 Korean sibling-pairs and 50 Japanese sibling-pairs. Two non-parametric linkage analyses, GENEHUNTER-PLUS and SIBPAL, were applied and detected nominal statistical significance of linkage to MP at chromosomes 1p36, 6q25, and 19p13.2. The best evidence of linkage was detected near D1S234 (maximum Z(lr) = 2.51, P = 0.0012). In addition, evidence of linkage was observed near D6S305 (maximum Z(lr) = 2.23, P = 0.025) and D19S884 (maximum Z(lr) = 1.93, P = 0.0089). Identification of the susceptible genes in the linkage regions will pave the way for insights into the molecular pathways that cause MP, especially overgrowth of the mandible, and may lead to the development of novel therapeutic tools.     

口腔颌面部肿瘤化疗方案药物敏感性试验

尊文以人舌鳞癌细胞系Ｔｃａ８１１３为对象，利用ＭＴＴ法对口腔颌面部肿瘤化疗常用的八种药物和七种方案进行了药敏试验，ＡＤＭ、５－Ｆｕ、ＣＤＤＰ等抗肿瘤作用较强；而ＰＹＭ、ＭＴＸ、ＶＣＲ单用对Ｔｃａ８１１３细胞无明显作用。化疗方案中以ＭＭＢＤ、ＰＦ、ＰＶＰ方案为佳，卡铂与顺铂在此疗方案中的作用无明显差异。实验结果提示：肿瘤化疗不能只凭经验用药，应注意化疗的耐药性问题。     

Unilateral coronoid process atrophy associated with fatty degeneration of the masticatory muscles

Unilateral coronoid process atrophy associated with fatty degeneration of the masticatory muscles in a 76-year-old woman is reported. CT and plain radiogram findings are presented. The patient had no evidence of collagen disease which often causes osteolysis of the coronoid, process and condyle. Although the true cause of this deformity was unclear, a hypothesis of ischemic changes in the nutrient vessels was suggested as an etiologic factor.     

Levels of soluble cytokine factors in temporomandibular joint effusions seen on magnetic resonance images

OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the correlations between joint effusion (JE) on T2-weighted magnetic resonance images (MRI) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and the levels of various cytokine receptors, cytokine antagonists, and protein in the synovial fluid of patients with temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD). STUDY DESIGN: Fifty-five TMJs of 55 patients with TMD were scanned by MRI, and synovial fluid samples were obtained on the same day. The grade of JE was evaluated on a scale of 0 to 3: Grades 0 and 1 indicated absence, and grades 2 and 3 indicated the presence of JE. Correlations were evaluated between JE and the concentrations of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors I and II (sTNFR-I and sTNFR-II, respectively), IL-6 soluble receptor (IL-6sR), IL-1 soluble receptor type II, and IL-1 receptor antagonist and protein in the synovial fluid of patients with TMD. RESULTS: The concentrations of sTNFR-I and protein in the group with JE (18 joints) were significantly higher than in the group without JE (37 joints). In addition, there were significant positive correlations between the grade of JE and the levels of sTNFR-I, sTNFR-II, and protein. CONCLUSIONS: sTNFRs and protein may play important roles in the pathogenesis of TMD. These mediators seem to influence the expression of JE, which may reflect synovial inflammation of the TMJ.     

The effect of simvastatin on remodelling of the alveolar bone following tooth extraction

Suppression of residual ridge resorption after tooth extraction is a hot spot in dental research. Recently, simvastatin was reported to influence bone turnover by stimulating bone formation. In this study, the effect of simvastatin application on residual ridge resorption following tooth extraction was investigated. Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into experimental and control groups (n=30). Polylactic acid/polyglycolic acid copolymer carriers, with or without simvastatin, were implanted into extraction sockets of right mandibular incisors. The rats were killed at 1, 2, 4, 8 or 12 weeks after implantation. The relative height of the residual alveolar ridge was significantly greater in the experimental compared to the control group at 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks. The bone mineral density in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group at 4, 8 and 12 weeks. A larger newly formed bone island was observed in the experimental group at 4 weeks, and higher bone formation rate and quality were found than in the control group at different time points except 1 week. The findings indicate that local application of simvastatin would effectively preserve the residual alveolar bone by promoting bone formation in the extraction socket.     

翼外肌上头与颞下颌关节盘关系的研究

目的探讨翼外肌上头与关节盘的关系。方法对４７侧老年尸体颞下颌关节标本进行了斜矢状面上的解剖学和组织学研究。结果①显微镜下观察翼外肌上头纤维可附着于关节盘、关节囊、关节盘前附着及髁突；②翼外肌上头附着于髁突的纤维平均为５２％，附着于关节盘的纤维为１０％，附着于关节囊的纤维为２４％，附着于下颌前附着的纤维量为４％；③翼外肌上头附着于关节盘的比例与关节盘前移无确切相关性；④翼外肌上头纤维与关节盘纤维的连接方式包括结点连接、肌腱连接和端端连接。结论翼外肌上头主要附着于髁突，附着于关节盘的少量纤维不足以独立地使关节盘发生前移位。