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101.
Physiotherapeutische Interventionen
bei Osteoporose 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Osteoporosis is an increasing public health problem which ultimately causes fractures and a significant reduction in patient's health-related quality of life. In this context, physiotherapists are involved in a wide range of therapies related both to prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. The reduction of the risk of falling by elderly patients with osteoporosis is a very important goal for physiotherapists because it is known to significantly decrease fracture incidence. Indeed, exercise programs including elements of muscle strengthening and better body balance control have a positive effect on the risk of falling, hence reducing the incidence of fractures and increasing the health-related quality of life of osteoporotic patients. As a further consequence, the decreased fracture incidence has a key roll in reducing health care costs. Once a patient presents with an osteoporotic fracture, he may be assisted with various forms of passive, active-assisted and active therapies. This treatment will help reduce pain, increase patient's mobility and prevent the occurrence of additional fractures. In addition, a good and well-balanced education process regarding secondary osteoporosis prevention may also help to modify the behavior of patients and help to improve skeletal health in the longer term. The physiotherapist has definitively a major role to play in the interdisciplinary team aimed at preventing osteoporotic fractures in both primary and secondary prevention levels. 相似文献
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103.
Kathleen Rockefeller PT ScD MPH 《Rehabilitation nursing》2010,35(5):216-222
Every day, thousands of physical therapists and rehabilitation nurses are required to perform physically demanding therapeutic patient handling tasks that are stressful to the caregiver and increase his or her risk of developing work‐related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). In rehabilitation, patient handling tasks might be classified as “traditional” or “therapeutic.” Traditional tasks have a practical goal, such as transferring a patient from bed to a wheelchair, and therapeutic tasks have more targeted goals such as facilitating patient function and independence. Therapeutic patient handling tasks present a greater risk for caregivers to sustain work‐related MSDs than typical patient handling tasks do because caregivers are exposed to high mechanical loads on the spinal tissues for longer amounts of time. The Veterans Health Administration, Association of Rehabilitation Nurses, and the American Physical Therapy Association endorse the use of modern patient handling technology as part of a comprehensive safe patient handling program for providing therapy in rehabilitation settings. Information about patient handling technology that is effective in reducing the risk of work‐related MSDs from performing therapeutic patient handling and movement tasks is also presented and discussed in this article. 相似文献
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Vikki Wylde BSc Christine Livesey BSc PT Ian D Learmonth FRCS FRCS FCSOrth Ashley W Blom MD PhD FRCS FRCS Sarah Hewlett PhD MA RN 《Musculoskeletal care》2010,8(2):87-98
Aim: Measuring facts about disability may not reflect their personal impact. An individualized values instrument has been used to weight difficulty in performing activities of daily living in rheumatoid arthritis, and calculate personal impact (Personal Impact Health Assessment Questionnaire; PI HAQ). This study aimed to evaluate the PI HAQ in osteoarthritis (OA). Study design: Study 1: 51 people with OA completed short and long versions of the value instrument at 0 and 1 week. Study 2: 116 people with OA completed the short value instrument, disability and psychological measures at 0 and 4 weeks. Results: Study 1: The eight‐category and 20‐item value instruments correlated well (r = 0.85) and scores differed by just 2.7%. The eight‐category instrument showed good internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's α = 0.85) and moderate one‐week test‐retest reliability (r = 0.68, Wilcoxon signed‐rank test p = 0.16, intra‐class correlation coefficient [ICC] 0.62). Study 2: Values for disability were not associated with disability severity or clinical status. After weighting disability by value, the resulting PI HAQ scores were significantly associated with dissatisfaction with disability, perceived increase in disability, poor clinical status and life dissatisfaction, and differed significantly between people with high and low clinical status (convergent and discriminant construct validity). There was moderate association with the disease repercussion profile disability subscale (r = 0.511; p < 0.001) (criterion validity). The PI HAQ was stable over four weeks (ICC 0.81). Conclusions: These studies provide an initial evaluation of an instrument to measure the personal impact of disability in people with OA, setting disability within a personal context. Further studies, including sensitivity to change, are required. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Stability and decline in gross motor function among children and youth with cerebral palsy aged 2 to 21 years 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
STEVEN E HANNA PHD ; PETER L ROSENBAUM MD FRCP ; DOREEN J BARTLETT PT PHD ; ROBERT J PALISANO PT SCD ; STEPHEN D WALTER PHD ; LISA AVERY MSC ; DIANNE J RUSSELL PHD 《Developmental medicine and child neurology》2009,51(4):295-302
This paper reports the construction of gross motor development curves for children and youth with cerebral palsy (CP) in order to assess whether function is lost during adolescence. We followed children previously enrolled in a prospective longitudinal cohort study for an additional 4 years, as they entered adolescence and young adulthood. The resulting longitudinal dataset comprised 3455 observations of 657 children with CP (369 males, 288 females), assessed up to 10 times, at ages ranging from 16 months to 21 years. Motor function was assessed using the 66-item Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-66). Participants were classified using the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS). We assessed the loss of function in adolescence by contrasting a model of function that assumes no loss with a model that allows for a peak and subsequent decline. We found no evidence of functional decline, on average, for children in GMFCS Levels I and II. However, in Levels III, IV, and V, average GMFM-66 was estimated to peak at ages 7 years 11 months, 6 years 11 months, and 6 years 11 months respectively, before declining by 4.7, 7.8, and 6.4 GMFM-66 points, in Levels III, IV, and V respectively, as these adolescents became young adults. We show that these declines are clinically significant. 相似文献
108.
In a prospective study, 121 consecutive patients with a clinical diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis of the leg were examined with real-time ultrasonography. The findings were correlated with the results of venography. The common femoral vein and the popliteal vein were evaluated for intraluminal echoes and compressibility, and the common femoral vein was also evaluated for an increase in diameter in response to the Valsalva maneuver. The superficial femoral vein and the calf veins were not evaluated. The results indicate that compressibility of the common femoral and popliteal veins is the best indication of deep venous thrombosis, with a sensitivity of 96% and a specificity of 97%. The accuracy of detection was not improved by including data from thrombus visualization or the response of the common femoral vein to the Valsalva maneuver. 相似文献
109.