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51.
Packham MA; Perry DW; Kinlough-Rathbone RL; Rand ML; Guccione MA; Evans RM; Mustard JF 《Blood》1985,65(3):564-570
Rabbit platelets were aggregated by adenosine diphosphate (ADP), allowed to deaggregate and then separated into density subpopulations by centrifugation through discontinuous Stractan density gradients. Although ADP causes little or no release of the contents of the amine storage granules of rabbit platelets, ADP caused a decrease in platelet density as compared with control platelets subjected to the same procedures except for exposure to ADP. The density change persisted for at least four hours. The apparent size of platelets stimulated with ADP increased initially, but returned to control values during a one-hour period. A similar decrease in platelet density was observed with an albumin density gradient. Under conditions in which aggregation did not occur in response to ADP with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) in the medium, little or no decrease in platelet density was observed. Agglutination with polylysine did not change platelet density. Thus, not only agents such as thrombin and plasmin that cause the release of the contents of the platelet granules decrease platelet density, but ADP also has this effect. Platelets would be exposed to all of these stimuli during thromboembolic processes, and their effect on platelets may account for the decrease in platelet density observed previously in experiments with rabbits with indwelling aortic catheters. Agents that increase the concentration of cyclic AMP (cAMP) in platelets (PGE1, adenosine, dibutyryl cAMP, forskolin, and papaverine) also decreased platelet density. This effect persisted when the platelets were washed and resuspended in fresh medium and was also demonstrable in plasma. Platelet size was gradually increased by prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) which maintains platelets in a disc shape and does not cause the release of granule contents, indicating that the decrease in platelet density caused by PGE1 may be attributable to platelet swelling. 相似文献
52.
This article describes the prevalence of urinary incontinence in the Belgian population and assesses factors associated with urinary incontinence. The significance of urinary incontinence as a public health problem is evaluated through its psychosocial consequences. The data comes from the participants of the 1997 national health survey in Belgium, 15 years and older, (n = 7266). The presence and frequency of the urinary incontinence was estimated through self-reporting using a standard questionnaire. The prevalence of urinary incontinence in the population was 1.4% in men and 4.6% in women ranging from less than 1% under the age of 25 years to 13% in males and 21% in females aged 75 years and older. The prevalence in women was higher in all age groups. The prevalence of frequent incontinence (at least once a week) was 0.8% in males and 2.4% in females. Over the age of 75 years 9.8% of the males and 7.9% of the females reported weekly incontinence. Factors associated with the incontinence were physical limitations, comorbidity, having a prostate problem or uterine prolapse, being obese. Further, the prevalence of urinary incontinence was higher in women reporting chronic urinary infection and with a sedentary lifestyle. The prevalence of subjective ill-health, of mental ill-health, of a low appreciation of social contacts and of a low functional content of social contacts was higher in subjects with urinary incontinence. Urinary incontinence is common in both men and women, especially in older ages. Urinary incontinence is associated with other health problems. The substantial psychosocial consequences of urinary incontinence stress the need for more public health and medical attention. 相似文献
53.
A Novel Common Kell Antigen, TOU, and Its Spatial Relationship to Other Kell Antigens 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
J. Jones PhD M.E. Reid R. Oyen T. Harris S. Moscarelli S. Co R. Leger C. Beal and K. Cardillo 《Vox sanguinis》1995,69(1):53-60
A 47-year-old native American (TOU) was admitted to hospital for hip surgery. His serum agglutinated all red blood cells (RBCs) tested except Ko and DTT-treated RBCs and was weakly reactive with RBCs known to have a weak expression of Kell antigens, namely Kmod, McLeod, Kp(a+b-) (KEL:3,-4) and K:-13 (KEL:-13) phenotypes. RBCs from three siblings, a son and a daughter were incompatible with TOU's antibody. TOU's RBCs had the common Kell phenotype: K- k+ Kp(a-b+c-) Ku+ Js(a-b+) Ul(a-) K:11, -17 K:14,-24 K:12,13,18,19,22,-23 (KEL:-1,2,-3,4,5,-6,7,-10,11,12,13,14,-17,18,19,-21,22,-23,-24). Since TOU's RBCs were not agglutinated by an unidentified Kell-related antibody (IAN), tests were performed to show that TOU and IAN were mutually compatible. IAN is a Latino female hospitalised for a hysterectomy. The TOU antigen was shown to be located on the Kell glycoprotein by a monoclonal antibody immobilisation of erythrocyte antigen (MAIEA) assay. The unique pattern of reactivity obtained with TOU and IAN antibodies using this assay indicated the TOU epitope to be in an area remote from other Kell antigens, namely K, k, Kpa , Kpb , Kpc , Ku, Jsa , Jsb , Ula , K11, K12, K13, K14, Wka , K18, K19, K22 and K24 (KEL1, KEL2, KEL3, KEL4, KEL5, KEL6, KEL7, KEL11, KEL12, KEL13, KEL14, KEL17, KEL18, KEL19, KEL21, KEL22 and KEL24) but close to the low-incidence antigen K23 (KEL23). Investigation of antibodies to previously identified antigens on the Kell glycoprotein by MAIEA using the mouse monoclonal antibodies BRIC18, BRIC68, BRIC107 and BRIC203 has identified six patterns of reactivity and has provided evidence for Kpc being located in the same region as Kpa and Kpb . 相似文献
54.
Genetic and non‐genetic factors that increase the risk of non‐syndromic cleft lip and/or palate development 下载免费PDF全文
55.
56.
Diane Mullins Eileen Daly Andrew Simmons Felix Beacher Catherine ML Foy Simon Lovestone Brian Hallahan Kieran C Murphy Declan G Murphy 《Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders》2013,5(1):19
Background
Down’s syndrome (DS) is the most common genetic cause of intellectual disability. People with DS are at an increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) compared to the general population. Neuroimaging studies of AD have focused on medial temporal structures; however, to our knowledge, no in vivo case–control study exists comparing the anatomy of dementia in DS to people with AD in the general population. We therefore compared the in vivo brain anatomy of people with DS and dementia (DS+) to those with AD in the general population.Method
Using MRI in 192 adults, we compared the volume of whole brain matter, lateral ventricles, temporal lobes and hippocampus in DS subjects with and without dementia (DS+, DS-), to each other and to three non-DS groups. These included one group of individuals with AD and two groups of controls (each age-matched for their respective DS and general population AD cohorts).Results
AD and DS+ subjects showed significant reductions in the volume of the whole brain, hippocampus and temporal lobes and a significant elevation in the volume of the lateral ventricle, compared to their non-demented counterparts. People with DS+ had a smaller reduction in temporal lobe volume compared to individuals with AD.Conclusions
DS+ and AD subjects have a significant reduction in volume of the same brain regions. We found preliminary evidence that DS individuals may be more sensitive to tissue loss than others and have less ‘cognitive reserve’. 相似文献57.
PS Spencer K Vandemaele M Richer VS Palmer S Chungong M Anker Y Ayana ML Opoka BN Klaucke A Quarello JK Tumwine 《African health sciences》2013,13(2):183-204
Background
Nodding Syndrome is a seizure disorder of children in Mundri County, Western Equatoria, South Sudan. The disorder is reported to be spreading in South Sudan and northern Uganda.Objective
To describe environmental, nutritional, infectious, and other factors that existed before and during the de novo 1991 appearance and subsequent increase in cases through 2001.Methods
Household surveys, informant interviews, and case-control studies conducted in Lui town and Amadi village in 2001–2002 were supplemented in 2012 by informant interviews in Lui and Juba, South Sudan.Results
Nodding Syndrome was associated with Onchocerca volvulus and Mansonella perstans infections, with food use of a variety of sorghum (serena) introduced as part of an emergency relief program, and was inversely associated with a history of measles infection. There was no evidence to suggest exposure to a manmade neurotoxic pollutant or chemical agent, other than chemically dressed seed intended for planting but used for food. Food use of cyanogenic plants was documented, and exposure to fungal contaminants could not be excluded.Conclusion
Nodding Syndrome in South Sudan has an unknown etiology. Further research is recommended on the association of Nodding Syndrome with onchocerciasis/mansonelliasis and neurotoxins in plant materials used for food. 相似文献58.
该文旨在介绍Beth Israel医疗中心采用大剂量术中放疗(HDR-IORT)治疗复发头颈癌的经验。对2001-2010年间头颈癌局部复发接受大剂量HDR-IORT的患者进行回顾分析。结果,76例患者的87个部位在肿瘤切除后接受了治疗。术后2年控制率为62%。平均总生存期为19个月,其中42%的患 相似文献
59.